Chapter-16 (original) (raw)
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References and Definitions Why Metals Corrode Nature of Corrosion Reaction Nature of Metals Effect of Electrolyte Composition Physical Variables Forms of Corrosion
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Materials Science and Corrosion Prevention Section Contents Page 1 Materials of Construction 4 2 Selecting Materials of Construction 9 3 Types of Corrosion 10 4 Corrosion of Specific Environments 26 5 Corrosion by Insulating Materials 35 6 Corrosion of Rubbers 37
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CORROSION & CORROSION PREVENTION
Corrosion may be defined as the destruction or deterioration in properties of materials by interaction with their environments. It is a natural phenomenon. Engineers generally consider corrosion when dealing with metallic materials. However, the process affects all sorts of materials, for example, ceramics, plastics, rubber etc. Rusting of iron and steel is the most common example of corrosion. Swelling in plastics, hardening of rubber, deterioration of paint, and fluxing of the ceramic lining of a furnace are all incidences of corrosion in non metallic materials. Metallurgists may think of corrosion as reverse extractive metallurgy. Metals are extracted from their compounds occurring in nature through extractive metallurgy processes involving considerable expenditure of energy, natural resources, time, and man power. Corrosion works to convert the metal I back into the same compounds.
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5.1 Introduction 332 5.2 Mechanisms, Forms, and Modes of Corrosion Failures 332 5.2.1 Forms of corrosion 332 Uniform (or general) corrosion 333 Pitting 335 Crevice corrosion 336 Galvanic corrosion 339 Selective leaching 344 Erosion corrosion 345 Environmental cracking 346 Intergranular corrosion 349 5.2.2 Modes and submodes of corrosion 352 5.2.3 Corrosion factors 354 5.2.4 The distinction between corrosion-failure mechanisms and causes 357 5.3 Guidelines for Investigating Corrosion Failures 359 5.4 Prevention of Corrosion Damage 360 5.4.1 Uniform corrosion 362 5.4.2 Galvanic corrosion 363 5.4.3 Pitting 364 5.4.4 Crevice corrosion 365 5.4.5 Intergranular corrosion 365 5.4.6 Selective leaching 366 5.4.7 Erosion corrosion 366 5.4.8 Stress corrosion cracking 366 5.5 Case Histories in Corrosion Failure Analysis 368 References
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