Comprehensive Revelation on the Tomb Towers Architecture; Persia and Anatolia (original) (raw)

An Analytical and Comparative Approach to

An Analytical and Comparative Approach to Recognition Tabriz Ali Shah Mosque

Ali shah Mosque in Tabriz is one of the remaining buildings from the Ilkhanid period in the region of Azerbaijan in Iran. In his torical documents, this building is mentioned with different names such as citadel and mosque. Despite the research done on this building, researchers s till have disagreements regarding architectural specifications. In this research, based on archaeological and architectural evidence, the authors seek to answer the following basic ques tions in the manner of field s tudies and libraries, which are based on descriptive-his torical and analytical-comparative, how are the architectural features of this building represented by the texts of his torical documents? How is the porch connected to the tomb? Also, what is the relationship between Ali shah Citadel and the school of the two minarets of the Erzurum in terms of physical and trinity elements? The following hypotheses are raised: according to the results, the pillar behind the altar is originally the tomb of Alisha. The main altar was located inside it and had a green dome with skylights. The way to reach this tomb and the altar were from the s tairs leading to the porch. After the huge columns on either side of it, which may have been turned into a minaret, space has become smaller with an indentation. The school and monas tery were connected to its wes tern and eas tern sides. This general form of composite buildings in a complex is a feature of mos t buildings of this period. Other results of this s tudy show that the model of the mosque-school of the Erzurum is derived from this building, which shows the cultural connections between the two regions.

The Explanation of Architectural Components Affecting Monumental Tombs in Contemporary Iran

2018

Monumental tombs are among the most important monuments of contemporary Iran; they have become the symbol of different cities over time and attracted the attention of the audiences with various tastes. This study tries to explain the architectural components that affect the durability of these buildings and answers these questions: What are the architectural components of the emergence of form in monumental tombs in contemporary Iran that have had the greatest impact on the durability of audience’s mind and does the construction of memorial of tombs based on ancient architectural components have a good result in the present eras? In this study, type of research is qualitative and the research tool is interview. These interviews were conducted based on the questions about eight monumental tombs of Society for the National Heritage of Iran; and cause in achieving a good result through qualitative content analysis. Many architectural components affecting the durability of these buildin...

Comparison of the Components of the Physical Structure of the Residential Building of the Qajar Period in the Degree of Influence from the Western Architecture

International Journal of Applied Arts Studies, 2023

Residential houses are one of the most important types of Iranian architecture. The history of Iran's architecture shows that traditional houses in various periods almost kept their structural system in the field of their body and mainly stylistic developments were specific to the hidden concepts in their structural field. Looking at the contemporary architecture, it can be seen that the buildings of the Qajar period, while following the past practices, influenced by the western architecture, are subject to changes in the physical structure that have led to the construction of buildings with an eclectic identity. In this regard, the present research, with the aim of extracting the components of the physical structure, tries to investigate the influence of the residential buildings of that period on the principles and concepts of Western architecture. In this article, a mixed qualitative and quantitative research method has been used. First, the components of the physical structure are extracted from the theoretical foundations, and then interviews are conducted to verify the selected samples. After that, quantitative areas will be used to check the effectiveness. It is worth mentioning that interviews are used to collect information in the qualitative stage and questionnaires are used in the quantitative stage. The software used in the quantitative part is JMP and in the qualitative part ATLASTI. The results show that there is a positive and significant correlation between the components of western architecture and the physical structure of Qajar period houses at the level of 0.01. In this regard, first the break from the past and confinement with the value of correlation (0.952), then the break from the past and fit with the value (0.932) in the second place and the confinement and the use of rotating and diagonal statue forms with the value (0.925). In the third place, they have the highest correlation between physical structures and western architectural components. The lowest correlation is between severe criticism of objects and imitative and structural schools with a value of (0.112). ;

Architectural Basics of Imams Descendants’ Holy Shrines in Iran.pdf

Bagh-e Nazar, 2018

Statement of the problem: One of the major challenges in the field of urban research is the lack of trust between policymakers and researchers. As a result of this challenge, while preventing researchers from the key decision-making and policy-making processes, inadequate resources are being allocated to the research sector. The main policymakers and manager’s argument is that the work of the researchers is far from the realities of the implementation and practice. By creating a vicious cycle, this issue has led to the weakened and underdeveloped infrastructure and research capacities in faculties, and the theoretical and practical weaknesses of the applied research in various areas of urban management studies. The current study aims to analyze and study strategies for promoting the use of research in decisions made by Tehran urban management system. Purpose: This study aims at investigating and analyzing the current process of defining, implementing and leadership of urban research projects in the urban management system of the country. The main approach for this purpose is evidence-based policy-making which provide some solutions for improvement. Method: The research method in this study is “case study” and its type is “single instrumental case study”. Having analyzed a wide range of research studies on the field of research utilization, this paper develops an analytical framework based on the “supply and demand” model. Then, using this analytical framework, the mechanism for defining, implementing, leading and extracting the results of research projects at the Tehran Urban Planning & Research Center is analyzed and eventually, it has become evident that the current mechanism needs specific strengthening interventions for demand sectors. Conclusion: This paper provides two main results. Firstly, an analytical framework for investigating and analyzing research organizations mechanism in the public sector. Secondly, a proposal to establish a structure entitled “Office for the Empowerment of Urban Management Research” in the current mechanism for managing applied research in Tehran Urban Management System. The specific mission of this structure is developing “policy capacity” and “institutional capacity”.

Study of geometry and proportions of north Iranian tomb-tower (Gunbad-e Qābus and Radkan-west

6th National conference on advanced technology in Civil engineering, Architecture and Urban Planning, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran., 2018

Architecture through the ages, has embraced a wide variety of arts and sciences. By using mathematics, Iranian architecture has achieved a high level of beauty and perfection. tower is defined as a tall and thin structure with several sides used mostly for lookout and defense. The term shares the same meaning in Arabic and Persian. In this paper, the geometry and proportions of two tomb tower of Iranian Islamic architecture has been discussed by using Analytical and Descriptive Method. required data has been collected through Library documents. For Radkan-west tomb-tower, according to the shorter height of it, the thickness of the walls was sufficient in order to maintain its stability. Therefore, buttress has not been built. But for Gunbad-e Qābus according to the long height of the building, ten triangle shape buttresses have been used. These buttresses are visible in building views. The effort to increase building stability has impacted the design process of the building and it resulted in complexity of the geometry of the building and improvement of aesthetics values of the building.

2012: Journal of Islamic Architecture Volume 2 Issue 2 December 2012,ARCHITECTURE IN THE ISLAMIC CIVILIZATION: MUSLIM BUILDING OR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE

The main problem of the theory in the arena of islamic architecture is affected by some of its Western thoughts, and stereotyping the islamic architecture according to Western thoughts; this leads to the breakdown of the foundations in the islamic architecture. It is a myth that islamic architecture is subjected to the influence from foreign architectures. This paper will highlight the dialectical concept of islamic architecture or muslim buildings and the areas of recognition in islamic architecture. It will also widen the knowledge in the characteristics of each point in time according to the stages of islamic architecture from the prophetic age moving through the architecture outside the city of Medina, the Caliphs, the Umayyad, Abbasid, and architectural models by spatial and time periods, taking Iraq as the example to explain how the Islam influents on architecture and vice versa.

A study of the stages of development of domes in Iran, Central Asia and the Indian subcontinent after the Islamic conquest

8TH ENGINEERING AND 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING – UNIVERSITY OF BAGHDAD: COEC8-2021 Proceedings

The concept of culture in architecture is based on the idea that architectural elements, shapes, and structures reflect the lifestyle of the peoples or groups that produced them. Culture is reflected in certain elements or shapes, as in domes. The domes after the Islamic conquest were highly associated with the architecture of mosques, mausoleums and palaces in Islamic architecture. The focus will be on the eastern part of the Islamic world, which includes a number of different ancient civilizations in which Islam spread on its lands, including the region of Iran and Central Asia on the one hand, and the Indian subcontinent on the other. These regions are considered to have a cultural stockpile that contributed to the development of Islamic architecture styles. The juxtaposition of the regions in this place made it subject to the successive Islamic conquest, which transferred the culture of the Arabs to it. It was also subjected to the Mongol invasions. Therefore, the problem of the research paper is to identify the impact of cultural diversity in the formation of domes in the countries that underwent the Islamic conquest, through the interaction that took place between the culture of the place and the teachings imposed by the new religion. The temporal limits of the study from the period of the Islamic conquest to the nineteenth century. The aim of the research paper is to study the stages of development of the dome to describe the most prominent formal transformations that occurred in the morphology of the domes. THE FIRST CULTURE IN ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE Cultural differences left their traces on architecture throughout the world until the idea of architecture as an expression of culture became one of the postulates of modern architectural thought. The concept of culture in architecture is based on the idea that architectural elements, shapes, and structures reflect the lifestyle of the peoples or groups that produced them [1]. Islamic architecture in the Islamic regions during the first three centuries was the product of the convergence of the faith and the new state with the ancient traditions of the Near East. In addition to many other cultures in the region that played an important role in the architectural artistic formation of Islamic culture. Muslims relied on technology and craftsmanship, and innovations moved from one place to another with the craftsmen. The early Islamic civilization was both modern and traditional, as it is modern in its rummage around for intellectual, administrative and cultural patterns that respond to new people, ideas and behaviors, as it is traditional

Politecnico di Torino Porto Institutional Repository [Article] Analysis and Investigation of Lasting Architectural Projects and Plans in Housing in Post Era of Ghajar, Tehran

hoda behravesh, 2015

The goal of present research is to investigate the ways employed in Qajar residence blocs of Tehran, in a manner that the architecture used have what extent of adaptation with architectural durable planning and designing for Qajar residential buildings. The structural and frame limit of this survey, has been selected and investigated from different buildings like (Mosques, coffee shops, ice houses, schools, markets, wind-breakers, residential architecture), residential architecture i.e. the old residential buildings of Ghajar time. Time duration of the investigation of case samples links to the buildings had been built at the last period of Ghajar {third period of Ghajar governance during 1934} and the beginning period of Phalavi period and used then. The way of research, lies in the developmental researches area, and the research has applied two methods, 1-Historical research method which has engaged in the perception and the investigation of historical movement of the events 2-Expressive research method that has engaged in the description of components of a situation or condition relation. The tool to collect the data encompasses the library method (table, map, notes taking, plan and chart, document) observation, and field and face to face understanding. Following two methods have been employed to analyze the data: 1-comparative analysis and 2-descriptive analysis. As this investigation follows the answer to the question of Ghajar houses adaptation level to the lasting architectural standards and criterion, after conducting the study it indicated that the housing blocs of Ghajar's end period in city of Tehran had high adaptation with sustainable architectural designing and planning.

Investigating the Quality Improvement of Architecture in term of the Use of Structure and Function in Traditional Architecture with the Approach of Investigation in the Religious Building of Mashhad

International Journal of Applied Arts Studies, 2024

Throughout the history of architecture, the structure has always played an effective role on architecture. Paying attention to the fact that the structure is a necessary and unavoidable part of the building can play a significant role in improving the quality of architecture. The traditional Iranian architect, by using the principles of Islamic architecture and geometry in the implementation of the building, has been able to be effective in improving the quality of the architecture of the implemented buildings. As a museum of traditional and Islamic architecture, Khorasan Architecture presents numerous and diverse works in this field. In this research, 41 historical monuments were selected by examining the religious buildings of Mashhad. The condition of the studied buildings was investigated in terms of the qualitative improvement of the Plate structure, the spatial structure and the illustrative structure in different historical periods from the Sassanid era to the Pahlavi period. With field surveys, it was found that 26 buildings have 65% improvement in the quality of plate structures, 15 buildings have 37.5% improvement in the quality of spatial structures, and 2 buildings have illustrative quality improvement in their records. Through the analysis, it was observed that most of the buildings were executed during the Safavid period and the quality improvement of the internal surfaces due to the plate structure was the most used with 22.5%.

A Comparative Study of Religious Architecture in Christianity and Islam A Criticism of Titus Burckhardt's Theory (Case study: Isfahan

Today, the plurality of different ways through which ideas in divine religions are expressed highlights an urgent need for a common language using the approach of ethnic unity. The analysis of these commonalities would be effective in coming to the point at which the spiritual-ethnic aspects of these religions converge. In so doing, art can serve as a common language. As the physical structure of religious buildings is mainly influenced by the type of ritual ceremonies in which they are held, it is more likely that the diversity of religions results in the diversity of the architecture of the holy buildings. However, the similar elements in the architecture of various religions can create a common and single language in the sacred arts to avoid the variety of ideas. This paper is an attempt to explore the common architectural features of religious buildings in Christianity (Armenians) and Islam during the Safavid era. Darwing upon Titus Burkharts' theory, we attempt to explain how the structures of Armenian churches and Muslim mosques in the Safavid are different or similar? we scrutinize some samples of worship buildings. An extensive review of literature shows that essential differences in the mentioned religions have resulted in worship places with different interior designs. However, despite such differences, the building structures have been flexible architecture of these religions in shared geographic and historical domain influence each other. Similarly, apart from the influences, Armenians' architecture in Isfahan is undeniably affected by the architecture of Safavid period and its subsequent periods. That might explain why churches with Iranian-Islamic structure reflect Christians-Armenians' Architecture. The methods of data collection for this research are documentary and field-based. Data are analyzed in descriptively.