Features of primary school students’ perceptions of themselves and their friends in friendly relations (original) (raw)
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.1.PERCEPTION OF BEST FRIEND...
The research examines the concepts of 'friendship' and 'best friend' among preschool children (n=52) who live in different countries (Sweden and Turkey), with the aim of presenting their ideas about the concepts of 'friendship' and 'best friend'. For this purpose, 52 children, 4-5 year olds (25 from Turkey and 27 from Sweden) participated in semi-structured interviews, the content of which was later analysed. A content analysis method included the identification of codes that could be used for comparison across the two populations through statistical analysis. The main results of our study show that, despite the fact that preschools are organized differently in Sweden and Turkey, children from both populations used prosocial behaviour and their perceptions about what a best friend is more similar between children in these different cultures than they are different.
Social Development, 2001
Peer relations researchers generally agree that friendship involves a close, mutual, dyadic relationship. However, the lack of consensus on how to operationalize this construct has limited our understanding of the role of friendship in social adjustment. The present study directly compared the psychometric properties (i.e., number of friendships identified, concordances, and stability) of the five major different definitions of friendship used in the literature. Fourth-and fifth-grade students (N ϭ 90) completed a battery of sociometric measures at two different times separated by eight weeks. Friendship dyads were then identified using the following definitional criteria: (1) mutual positive nominations; (2) mutual high ratings (i.e., 4 or 5 on a five-point Likerttype scale); (3) one positive nomination reciprocated by a rating of 5; (4) one positive nomination and mutual high ratings; and (5) one positive nomination and mutual ratings averaging at least 4. Frequency and concordance analyses indicated differences across the five definitions. In addition, the friendships identified by each of the five definitions were similarly moderate in their stability. Explanations for, and the possible implications of, these differences are discussed.
Croatian Journal of Education - Hrvatski časopis za odgoj i obrazovanje
The authors of this study define a relationship with a best friend as a form of interpersonal relationship between two people who are close, based on mutual attraction, respect and recognition, within which there is support and protection, intimacy, satisfaction, enjoyment in one another's company, and successful resolution of problems. The purpose of this study was to establish the dimensions of a friendship relationship and test the structure of a questionnaire examining the quality of a friendship relationship in the category of "best friend". The research was conducted via a survey method on a sample of 316 students of 5th, 6th and 7th grades of elementary school. The factor structure of the questionnaire was studied by a combination of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The analysis of the questiononaire's structure resulted in a 4-factor model with 17 items that meet the recent criteria in validation of research instruments. The extracted factors i...
Adolescents' Close Friendship Types and Friendship Reasoning
1990
Friendships between individuals can be found throughout lifespans. This study examined an interaction between adolescents who consider themselves close friends. Inspection of friends' interaction when working on a joint task may allow the classification of close friendships in adolescence. In addition friends were asked about their jojr.t daily activities to allow the detection of possible characteristics of interaction across friendship types. The study also examined adolescents' conceptions of friendship across various possible types of friendship. Subjects (N=90) included 23 pairs of female and 22 pairs of male Israeli 10th graders who identified themselves as friends. Analysis revealed three main patterns of adolescents' close friendships: interdependent, enmeshed, and disengaged. The three types reflect different qualities of relationships at the dyadic level which transcend the behavior of individuals. In the interdependent type friends were close to each another and they also respected each other's personal views and preferences. In the enmeshed type friends were very close to each another, it was very important to them to act in consensus, and they suppressed individual preferences for a greater sense of closeness and unity. In the disengaged type each partner emphasized individuality and separateness while working on a joint task.
Children's conceptions of friendship: A multimethod study of developmental changes
1984
Although previous research has examined the development of children's conceptions of friendship, two major limitations currently exist. First, previous investigators have relied principally on a single methodological approach-the open-ended interview. Second, little is known about children's expectations of other peer relationships or how friendship expectations are distinguished from them. These two issues were addressed in the present study by administering second-, fourth-, and sixth-grade children three measures: (a) an open-ended interview, (b) a story-recognition task, and (c) a questionnaire about the importance of different characteristics to friendships and acquaintances. In general, friendship expectations based on disposition^ characteristics increased in saliency with age, whereas characteristics referring to overt behaviors remained constant. Several substantive differences were found among the three measures. Children recognized the importance of different friendship expectations before spontaneously reporting them in the interview. Moreover, the recognition tasks yielded a more complete set of friendship expectations than the interview did. Finally, children of all ages differentiated between expectations for friends and acquaintances, but the degree of differentiation increased with age.
Description of Friendship Quality in Yogyakarta Students
Jurnal Psikologi : Media Ilmiah Psikologi, 2020
Friendship is an adaptive function of individual maturity to fulfill a number of social, cognitive, and emotional needs. The purpose of this study is to find out the meaning of the quality of student friendship based on the stage of development and gender. The subjects of this study were S1 and S2 students in Yogyakarta with 200 students. The sampling technique used was a non-probability convenience sampling technique. The data collection tool is a closed and open questionnaire, with content analysis as the analysis of the data. The results showed that in the late male adolescent group, individuals felt close to their best friend, in the late adolescent group of women, individuals felt they believed their best friend could be a confidant who was able to provide solutions, in the early adult groups of men understanding and supporting each other as reasons the quality of friendship is broken, and in the early adult groups women confide in and believe as the reason for the quality of f...
The Concept of Friendship: Comparative Analysis
Вісник науки та освіти
The concept of "FRIENDSHIP" is a linguistic and cultural feature of mental formation at many levels of culture. The model of this or that feature at different cultural levels helps to create a general picture of this or that fragment in the mind of a certain linguistic and cultural circle. It is explained and argued for by its linguistic form and other diverse cultural features. FRIENDSHIP is a unique phenomenon. The meaning of this concept for each person varies depending on the interpretations of the moral and spiritual values of the nation, in accordance with the general values of the nation. The concept "FRIENDSHIP" can have both a positive and a negative understanding at the same time. Stylistic coloring and features of the subtext may differ in different cultures. This may be due to certain cultural features or the general outlook of a particular nation. FRIENDSHIP is believed to be deeply rooted in different cultures, as this concept is interpreted as a voluntary relationship between people that is long-lasting and that is aimed at satisfying the needs and interests of others, as well as satisfying one's own desires.
Investigating the Choice of Friendship 5-6 Year Olds Make Based on Certain Variables
Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2012
The purpose of this study was to investigate the choice of friendship 5-6 year olds attending preschool make based on variables of their choice of playmates, aggression, prosocial behaviour, and victimisation. For the study, teachers completed the Prosocial Behaviour and Aggression sub-scales of the Child Behaviour Scale and the Peer Victimisation Scale, based on their eightmonth general observation of the children. The Picture Sociometry Scale was applied to children individually by the researchers. The Linear Regression Analysis technique was used to establish the predictive effect aggression, prosocial behaviour, victimisation, and choice of playmates had on the choice of friends.
Friendship competence in kindergarten and primary school children
European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 2015
ABSTRACT Aim of this study was to confirm the increase of friendship competence and its multifactorial nature in kindergarten and primary school children and to verify gender differences, parenting and socioeconomic status influences on friendship concept. A semi-structured interview was administered in a natural context to 3–8 years-old children (N = 99; mean = 6.1 years; SD = 1.35). The coding provides five sub-categories: (1) friendship; (2) social perspective taking; (3) emotions understanding; (4) social interaction strategies; (5) aggressiveness. Three parental style questionnaires were administrated to parents. Results confirm the increasing of friendship competence according to age. No gender difference was found. Father's involvement in son's activities was inversely correlated with son's aggressivity.
Early Child Development and Care, 2017
A Friend is truly a treasure, in accordance with age and competence's qualitative changes. The aim of this study was to confirm the increase in friendship competence and its multifactorial nature in 3-up to 10-yearold children, and to verify gender differences, and parenting influences on the concept of friendship. A semi-structured interview was administered in a natural context to 3-to 10-year-old children (N = 167; Mean = 7.6 years; SD = 2.16). According to Selman's Model, the coding provides five sub-categories: (1) friendship; (2) social perspective taking; (3) emotions understanding; (4) social interaction strategies; and (5) aggressiveness. Three parental style questionnaires were administered to parents. Results point up an increase in social skills according to age. The Friendship Interview turned out to be a reliable tool able to investigate how the concept of friendship is also structured in preschool children.