Potential gains from ANSP mergers in Europe (original) (raw)

Identifying Merger Opportunities: The Case of Air Traffic Control

Operations Research

In “Identifying Merger Opportunities: The Case of Air Traffic Control,” N. Adler, O. Olesen, and N. Volta propose a model to identify an optimal horizontal merger configuration at the level of an industry or firm with multiple branches. Assuming that each firm operates within a catchment area or owns part of a network, we extend the model to consider feasible mergers that cover a contiguous area, should network effects be a consideration. An application to the European air traffic control system suggests that four contiguous air navigation service providers should replace the current 29 providers and the nine functional airspace blocks proposed in the Single European Skies initiative. The technological developments in air traffic management in which regulators on both sides of the Atlantic have invested heavily, namely SESAR and NextGen, are unlikely to be used without a concomitant reduction in operating costs through economies of scale. We find that the politically oriented soluti...

Creating a Framework for a Single European Sky:the Opportunity Cost of Reorganising European Airspace

2006

The object of this article is to critically evaluate the legal framework for a European Single Sky project in light of the recent European Court of Justice decision in International Air Transport Association v The Department of Transport. The article will examine in detail the framework regulations outlining the major provisions from the recommendations of the Commission's High Level Group in 2000, to the implementation at a micro-level by national authorities of the legislation adopted in 2004. Furthermore, this article will examine whether the savings to air service providers from the Single European Sky project in the long term will be negated by the short term outgoings associated with compensating passengers in the event of delays, cancellations and denied boardings caused by nonsystemic factors.

Single European Sky – the transformation of the aviation industry based on the dynamic capabilities

INCAS BULLETIN, 2015

Each year the demand of aviation services is increasing but the European airspace is still fragmented according to national borders. Delays of implementing Single European Sky are increasingly high. Consequently, each year the aviation industry loses a lot of money, among others, because of flight route extensions or higher fuel consumption. A comparison between Air Traffic Management-Related Operational Performance U.S./Europe shows how inefficient ATM is in Europe and how costly for the airspace users. This study also describes the benefits and costs of the SES full implementation.

The European Air Navigation Services Industry : a market analysis

2017

In Europe, air navigation services (ANS) are more expensive compared to other regions. More input factors are used, while less flights are handled. Traffic is expected to continue to grow, putting pressure on the current European model for ANS provision. To develop a model for the future, a profound understanding of the ANS market is needed. This paper identifies the market structure, its players and their relationships through a review of existing scientific literature as well as available reports published by air navigation service providers (ANSPs) and ANS regulators. The main findings are that European ANSPs have established a geographical monopoly mainly due to legally set up entry barriers and perceived economies of scale. This leads to a situation in which market power towards airspace users remains relatively high despite recent policy efforts. However, possibilities to open up the ANS market can be identified, but require further research.

Single European Sky: The progress so Far

Journal of Aerospace Technology and Management, 2020

This paper aims to assess the progress made towards the implementation of a Single European Sky (SES). It examines the program’s four main key performance indicators - environmental impact, safety, cost efficiency and capacity - and depicts in more detail the sequence of changes in each problematic area, thereby providing a better visualization of the main milestones and the issues hindering proposed reforms. The paper concludes that the overall process of reforming European airspace within SES has been slow and delayed, partly due to a lack of cooperation and commitment from air navigation service providers and states to deliver the information needed and apply desired amendments. The paper recommends several actions, which could improve the SES performance, including among others the implementation of incentives to meet the program’s objectives, as well as penalties for lack of cooperation, and the introduction of a common en-route charging rate at the European level.

Role of the Economics in the EU’s New Vertical Merger Policy: Thoughts on the Merger between Tomtom and Tele Atlas

The European Union adoped a new guidelines related to the assessment of vertical mergers towards end of 2007. This guidelines suggests an effect-based and economic approach in analyzing vertical mergers. The vertical merger between Tom Tom and Tele Atlas, which are undertakings operating at different stages of the portable navigation devices market, is of particular importance as being the first case decided under the new guidelines. This paper aims to discuss the strong and weak parts of the European Commission's decision for this transaction in the light of economic theories.

Towards a single European sky: initiatives by the European commission to reform air traffic management

Air & Space Europe, 2000

The last few years have brought unprecedented change to the air k~Ric management industry. Air transporf has benefited from sustained growth as a result of the favouruble economic climate, helped by the liberdisafion of aviation af European and at global level. Contrary to other parts of the air hansport community, however, the ATM indusfry has perceived this us a threat rather than as an opportunity t has been difficult to accommodate the increased demand for safe separation of aircraft, and as a result delays have become endemic, sometimes testing the patience and tolerance of airlines, the travelling public and political authorities.

Managing European Air Traffic Control Provision

We develop a network congestion game to test a series of scenarios in order to analyse potential paths for change in air traffic management in Europe. The two stage game models air traffic control (ATC) providers that set charges and in the second stage airlines that choose flight paths given an airline schedule and the charges from the first stage. The scenarios analysed in the model include (i) the impact of privatization and deregulation; (ii) defragmentation of the set of current providers; (iii) introduction of technology via the common projects and SESAR step 1; and (iv) the regional forerunner approach in which an ATC provider and a specific airline co-operate. The results show that horizontal integration across ATC providers, known as functional airspace blocks, would appear to be problematic with respect to incentives hence regional forerunners in a bottom-up institutional process would appear to be a preferable approach. Vertical integration between companies may succeed in accelerating change as long as the ATC companies are permitted to charge for improved quality, such as reduced congestion. Institutionally, a clear separation of the ATC providers from the Member States and subsequent franchising of the support services and ATC services could further encourage efficiency, consolidation and technology adoption.

Analysis of cost-effectiveness in the provision of air navigation services at functional air blocks

Competition and Regulation in Network Industries, 2019

The Single European Sky (SES) legislation is intended to have a major impact on the fragmentation in the European Air Traffic Management and Communications, Navigation and Surveillance (ATM/CNS) system. A fundamental aspect of the SES initiative is functional airspace blocks (FABs), which have the goal of reducing the inefficiencies—in terms of safety, capacity, and cost—that result from the fragmentation of European airspace. FABs are seen as an explicit bottom-up first step toward the ultimate integration of European airspace. In this article, we focus on the analysis of the evolution of the cost-effectiveness in the provision of ATM/CNS services at FABs. We proceed in two stages. First, we develop a theoretical framework that allows us to decompose the change in cost-effectiveness of FABs into its basic sources. Second, we use stochastic frontier analysis techniques to estimate the cost equations and decompose the change in the cost-effectiveness of the nine European FABs into se...