Coverage and Uptake of PMTCT Services in Primary Health Care Centres in Plateau State, Nigeria (original) (raw)
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International Journal of Healthcare Sciences ISSN 2348-5728 (Online), 2024
Abstract: Mother-to-child transmission of HIV significantly contributes to new infections globally. Universal access to comprehensive services for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV is vital to curbing this trend. This study assessed the availability and utilization of PMTCT services in Primary Health Care centres of Jos South local government area, Plateau State, North-Central Nigeria. A desk review of facility records was conducted in 2020. Data was collected on PMTCT services availability and utilization using observational and review of records checklist adapted from the World Health Organization’s PMTCT services checklist instrument. Data was analyzed using IBM-SPSS version 23 software. Thirty-six Primary Health Care centres in Jos South were surveyed, of which only 14 (38.9%) offered PMTCT services. Four thousand six hundred and sixty-one (85%) women accessing antenatal care in the 14 facilities offering PMTCT services underwent HIV testing and 45 (0.8%) tested positive. Twenty-seven (60%) of those who tested positive had optimal utilization of PMTCT services as they received all the basic components of the services. The availability of PMTCT services was low while the utilization among those reached was suboptimal. There is a need to scale up PMTCT services and make available a comprehensive package in all health facilities. Keywords: Availability, Utilization, PMTCT, Primary Health Care Centre.
Background: It has been shown that nearly all pediatric seropositive HIV cases were infected via their seropositive mothers, as well; almost all of these cases can be prevented through a robust PMTCT service that provides extremely effective Anti-retroviral therapy and prophylactic intervention (FMOH, 2010). As we work towards elimination of MTCT of HIV in our country, the importance of this review of PMTCT services cannot be over emphasized. Objectives: The objectives of the study were; to assess the prevalence of HIV among pregnant women who attended ANC at the Health center (January –December, 2015). 2. To evaluate the percentage of HIV positive pregnant women who were placed on ART in the review period. 3. To ascertain the percentage of babies born to HIV positive mothers who were given ART in the review period. Methods: Secondary data review was employed in this descriptive cross-sectional study. It involved data extraction from ANC booking registers, PMTCT HIV screening registers, ART administration registers and case/delivery notes of HIV positive mothers, covering the review period of January-December 2015, in the study center. Results: All the 1,418 ANC clients reviewed were screened for HIV with a sero-prevalence of 2.8%. However, the percentage of seropositive clients who were placed on ART was 75%, while, 25% were lost to follow-up. Furthermore, only 33% of the babies born to seropositive mothers received ART prophylaxis in this center. Conclusion: An ANC sero-prevalence of 2.8% with below average ART initiation for positive pregnant women and babies born to them portends great danger towards elimination of MTCT of HIV. Therefore the study recommends urgent strengthening of PMTCT in this center and other similar centers across the country.
Texila International Journal of Public Health, 2020
Introduction: Prevention of Mother-to-Child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV is a global response to reduce the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV which can occur in-utero, during childbirth or during breastfeeding, specific services rendered to HIV positive pregnant women are crucial in preventing vertical transmission, therefore, this study evaluated Prevention of Mother-To-Child Transmission of HIV services in selected health facilities in Lagos State, Nigeria. Method: The study adopted a descriptive survey design. The sample size was 19 health facilities in Lagos state, a multi stage sampling procedure was used to select the samples. Two instruments were used for data collection, observational checklist and past records of PMTCT activities of the participating facilities from January 2017 to December 2019. The checklist was pre tested with a reliability coefficient of 0.96. Analysis of data was done using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Results: The findings show that in all the selected health facilities 92.8% of the structures in terms of equipment/supplies were available and functional. majority of the health care providers listed were available, there was availability of recommended PMTCT services in all selected health facilities, it was also revealed that there was a positive significant relationship between the available structure and PMTCT services (r =.347; p = 0.0146 < .05). Conclusion: The availability of PMTCT structures, resources, equipment/supplies and service providers have significant influence on prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV services provision. Also, PMTCT services have influence on the final outcomes of exposed infants.
World Journal of AIDS, 2014
Background: Nigeria has the largest paediatric HIV-infected population in the world. Missed opportunities for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) compromise efforts at eliminating new pediatric HIV infections. Methods: Six hundred children, aged < 15 years, presenting to the pediatric units of the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan Southwest Nigeria between June to December 2007 were studied. The demographics, HIV status and socioeconomic status of mothers and their children were studied. A 4-step hierarchy was used to assess the missed opportunities for PMTCT.
Though prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV/AIDS was introduced in Nigeria in 2002, it is pertinent to determine its availability in the primary health centers, which provide the most available, accessible and affordable maternal health services to 70% of Nigerian women. This retrospective study was carried out to determine the utilization pattern of maternal health services in Nigeria, noting the availability of PMTCT. Records of antenatal bookings, deliveries, postnatal visits, voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) and PMTCT were obtained from 30 randomly selected primary health centers in Edo Central Senatorial District of Nigeria and analyzed. The results showed that though a yearly average of 2719 women booked in the antenatal clinics of the selected primary health centers, and 50.57% of these women delivered in these centers between 2007 and 2010, neither VCT nor PMTCT was available. It is therefore suggested that all tiers of government in Nigeria and do...
Background: In Nigeria about 50,000 children are infected with HIV annually, mostly through mother to child transmission, thus making her the greatest contributor (30%) to the global paediatric HIV burden. Since the inception of the PMTCT programme in Nigeria in 2001, the number of HIV+ pregnant women that had accessed the service was more than 200,000. Some accessing the service more than one time during different pregnancies. Objectives: The study was conducted primarily to determine, if there was any, the impact of maternal exposure to repeated PMTCT care on the rate of mother to child transmission of HIV infection. Other secondary objectives included calculating the proportion of PMTCT clients who are accessing the PMTCT service for the first time, the 2nd, 3rd or 4th time Methods: This was a retrospective case-control multicenter study. PMTCT clients who have had repeated PMTCT services form the case while the control group consisted of first-timers PMTCT clients. Results: The control group consists of 387 HIV positive nursing mothers who were assessing the PMTCT service for the first time while the case group consisted 116 who were repeated users of the PMTCT service. Of the repeated PMTCT clients (case group), 95% (n=110) were accessing the PMTCT service for the 2 nd time while 5%(n=6)were third time users of the PMTCT service. None had used the service for more than 3 rd time. HIV vertical transmission rate was 0% among babies of mothers who were having repeated PMTCT service(case group) while only 1.4% babies whose mothers were receiving PMTCT service for the first time(control) were vertically infected. Conclusion: Though the vertical transmission of HIV was slightly higher among babies whose mothers were exposed to the PMTCT service for the first time. The difference in the transmission rates between the two groups was not statistically significant P>0.05, X 2 = 1.309, df=1) and there was no statistical association between the number of vertically HIV infected infants and the number of time the mother was exposed to PMTCT services.
PloS one, 2017
As the world is making progress towards elimination of mother-to-child transmission of HIV, poor coverage of PMTCT services in Nigeria remains a major challenge. In order to address this, scale-up was planned with activities organized into 3 phases. This paper describes the process undertaken in eight high burden Nigerian states to rapidly close PMTCT coverage gaps at facility and population levels between February 2013 and March 2014. Activities were grouped into three phases-pre-assessment phase (engagement of a wide range of stakeholders), assessment (rapid health facility assessment, a cross sectional survey using mixed methods conducted in the various states between Feb and May 2013 and impact modelling), and post-assessment (drawing up costed state operational plans to achieve eMTCT by 2015, data-driven smart scale-up). Over a period of 10 months starting June 2013, 2044 facilities were supported to begin provision of PMTCT services. This increased facility coverage from 8% to...
Mother-to-child transmission is the highest mode of acquisition of HIV infection in children, with a 15-45% risk of an infant acquiring HIV from an infected mother without any medical intervention. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the implementation of prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) guidelines and determine its clinical outcome in a PEPFAR Clinic in Nigeria from 2008 to 2012. A retrospective review of data of patients who accessed PMTCT from the Clinic in the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH), Enugu was conducted. Data were retrieved from the clinic's database and analyzed. The result showed that three hundred and seventy-three (373) pregnant women (aged 30.22±4.88) and three hundred and sixty-seven (367) children from the pregnancies were enrolled into PMTCT. Ten (10) regimens were used for the mothers: AZT/3TC/NVP, TDF/3TC+NVP and AZT/3TC+EFV accounting for 80.00, 11.00 and 2.65%, respectively. AZT (15.80%) and NVP (84.20%) were used for the infants, 8 (2.18%) of whom tested positive for HIV. The study concluded that PEPFAR Clinic, UNTH Enugu substantially followed the guidelines in its PMTCT programme which was found to drastically reduce the transmission of HIV from mother to child.
Mother-to-child transmission is the highest mode of acquisition of HIV infection in children, with a 15-45% risk of an infant acquiring HIV from an infected mother without any medical intervention. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the implementation of prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) guidelines and determine its clinical outcome in a PEPFAR Clinic in Nigeria from 2008 to 2012. A retrospective review of data of patients who accessed PMTCT from the Clinic in the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH), Enugu was conducted. Data were retrieved from the clinic's database and analyzed. The result showed that three hundred and seventy-three (373) pregnant women (aged 30.22±4.88) and three hundred and sixty-seven (367) children from the pregnancies were enrolled into PMTCT. Ten (10) regimens were used for the mothers: AZT/3TC/NVP, TDF/3TC+NVP and AZT/3TC+EFV accounting for 80.00, 11.00 and 2.65%, respectively. AZT (15.80%) and NVP (84.20%) were used for the infants, 8 (2.18%) of whom tested positive for HIV. The study concluded that PEPFAR Clinic, UNTH Enugu substantially followed the guidelines in its PMTCT programme which was found to drastically reduce the transmission of HIV from mother to child.
Assessing PMTCT service coverage in Southwest Nigeria: A step towards universal coverage
2016
As at the end of 2009, Nigeria accounted for 30% of the global burden of mother to child transmission of HIV. Only 13% of pregnant women in Nigeria accessed HIV testing and counseling in the context of PMTCT (Prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV) as at the end of 2008 and about 12% of those positive accesses ARV prophylaxis for PMTCT. Reasons for this low coverage include the non-availability of the PMTCT services at all maternity or birthing centers in the country and the failure of pregnant women and nursing mother to enroll at formal conventional health facilities where their chances of accessing PMTCT services is very high.As Nigeria is a signatory to the global call to eliminate mother to child transmission of HIV, there is need for a current mapping of health facilities for PMTCT services, as this will provide us with gaps that need to be filled towards the universal coverage of PMTCT services in the country. Hence this study done to map the availability of PMTCT ...