List of Fishes of the Galapagos Archipelago, Ecuador (original) (raw)
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Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria
The finding of a specimen of the Galapagos batfish, Ogcocephalus darwini Hubbs, 1958 in marine waters of continental Ecuador was recorded. The specimen was captured by the artisanal fishing fleet that operates with bottom longlines in Las Piñas fishing cove, Manta Municipality, Manabí province, Ecuador. The specimen was transferred to the Biology Laboratory of the Faculty of Marine Sciences of the Universidad Laica Eloy Alfaro de Manabí, where morphometric data were taken for its identification. Until now, the species was considered endemic to the Galapagos, but it had been reported off northern Peru and now from the Ecuadorian continental shelf.
Darwin's fishes: phylogeography of Galápagos Islands reef fishes
Bulletin of Marine Science, 2014
Working in the Galápagos Islands and surrounding areas, we examined the relationship between population structure, a precursor to allopatric speciation, in species of reef fishes that exhibit different life history traits and three types of distributions in a nested setting: endemic (restricted to the Galápagos Islands), insular (Galápagos and neighboring islands), and Panamic (tropical eastern Pacific). We used a combination of population structure and coalescent approaches to assess the degree of genetic population structure in the three groups of fish species. In addition, we evaluated the level of inter-island genetic diversity in endemic species to determine if Galápagos fishes, like their terrestrial counterparts, could be used as a system to study allopatric speciation in the sea. We found that in general, there was no correlation between distribution ranges, life history traits, and population structure, except for Dialommus fuscus Gilbert, 1891, a Galápagos endemic that lives in the uppermost intertidal area, and as predicted, shows very strong population structure. We found the highest number of statistically significant population pairwise F st comparisons in endemic species. In addition, three out of four endemic species showed significant population pairwise F st [D. fuscus, Lepidonectes corallicola (Kendall and radcliffe, 1912), and Lythrypnus gilbert (Heller and snodgrass, 1903)]. These results suggest that endemic Galápagos Islands reef fishes may be a promising group of species to study phylogeographic patterns of speciation.
A new class of vertebrates established in the Galapagos
The natural fauna of the Galapagos Islands contains four of the five classes of vertebrates. Various species of fish, reptiles, birds and mammals have been present in the Islands for the last several million years. One class, amphibians, has been unable to colonize the remote oceanic archipelago during all of that time primarily due its intolerance of salt water. Recent human activity and climatic fluctuations may have combined to alter the situation and frogs are now another introduced species within the Galapagos.
Journal of the Ocean Science Foundation, 2013
A new flatfish, Citharichthys darwini n. sp., is described from the shores of Isla Isabela on the western side of the Galápagos Archipelago. Our recent collection from Tagus Cove in 1998 is the first record of the species on Isla Isabela since a series of specimens were collected at Tagus Cove and nearby by the Allan Hancock Expedition in 1934. C. darwini is a dwarf species with adults maturing at around 30 mm SL and the largest collected less than 60 mm SL. The new species is distinguished from other eastern Pacific members of the Citharichthys/Etropus group by a narrow body (maximum body width 39–45% SL), medium-sized mouth (upper jaw 31–35% HL), low dorsal and anal fin-ray counts (D 70–75, A 51–58), relatively few slender gill rakers (4–7 upper, 8–10 lower), and non-deciduous scales. The barcode mtDNA COI sequence (used by the Barcode of Life project) for the new species falls within the broad Citharichthys/Etropus clade, but is more than 16% divergent from other Citharichthys in the BOLD barcode database (including most of the known species). The nearest-neighbor sequence in the phenetic tree for paralichthyid flatfishes is an Atlantic species, Citharichthys sp., from the U.S. Virgin Islands. The species list of flounders and sanddabs (Paralichthyidae) for the Galápagos Islands is revised and expanded to six, including Syacium maculiferum, previously considered a Cocos Island endemic. C. darwini is apparently the only endemic flatfish (Paralichthyidae or Bothidae) in the Galápagos Archipelago. The new species is associated with the cooler water and coarse black volcanic sands of the recently emerged western islands in the chain.
Deepslope fishes collected during the 1995 eruption of Isla Fernandina, Galápagos
1997
The volcanic nature and steep terrain of much of the Galápagos Archipelago has made collecting deep shorefish nearly impossible by traditional oceanographic methods. The majority of deepwater fishes collected at or near the Galápagos were the result of the 1891 voyage of the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer Albatross (Garman 1899). Thirteenstations, thedeepestat 1740 fathoms, were made along a southerly transect from north ofIsla Darwin to the central Galápagos plateau, then to the east from northern Isla Floreana (Charles) to Isla San Cristóbal (Chatham) and across to the mainland. The western, southern, and eastern margins of the archipelago were not sampled. The sampling methodology, primarily benthic trawling, was hindered by the volcanic submarine terrain, and as a result most of the fishes that were captured are associated with sand and mud bottoms. The collections were remarkable, however, and resulted in many new taxa several of which were not seen again for 104 years. Two extr...
Fishes from the Las Piedras River, Madre de Dios basin, Peruvian Amazon
Materials and Methods Twenty-one localities where sampled in the Las Piedras basin, (12°30'S, 69°13'W), Madre de Dios Department, Peru (Table 1, Figure 1). Collections were made between 180 and 270 meters above sea level (m.a.s.l.) in three major types of environments: river channels and beaches (ríos), streams (quebradas), and oxbow lakes (cochas; Figure 2). Ríos are major rivers more than 10 meters wide; quebradas are small tributary streams less than 10 m, and cochas are oxbow lakes located on the floodplain (cf. Barthem et al. 2003). All collecting stations were georeferenced (latitude, longitude, altitude) using GPS, and habitats were documented with high resolution digital photographs and written descriptions. Collections were made using standard ichthyological gear, including