Structural Behavior of Filament Winding Tanks (original) (raw)

Mechanical Properties of Filament Wound Pipes: Effects of Winding Angles

Quality of Life (Banja Luka) - APEIRON

The aim of this study is to investigate the mechanical properties of continuous glass fiber reinforced composite tubes produced by filament winding technique with three different winding angles. With help of split-disk tests hoop tensile properties of selected specimens were determined, where reliable results were obtained with low standard deviations. It was observed that bigger winding angle lead to higher hoop tensile properties of filament wound tubular samples. Also, the effect of reinforcement direction on the mechanical performances of these composites has been presented. Fiber fracture and fiber-matrix debonding is observed to be the dominant failure mechanisms by samples winded with bigger winding angles, whereas delamination in addition to these mechanisms is detected by samples with smaller winding angles. From received results it is concluded that, mechanical properties of composite specimens are depended from winding angles in filament winding technology.With help of co...

Design and Analysis of 2-Axis Filament Winding Machine

International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications (IJSRP), 2021

Filament winding is a process of loading a high degree of fibers to take advantage of high tensile in the manufacturing of hollow, generally cylindrical products. The process affords the high strength to weight ratio laminates and provides a high degree of control over uniformity and fiber orientation. Filament wound structures can be accurately machined, and the labor factor for filament winding is lower than other open moulding processes. The filament wound composite pipes are fabricated using high-strength fiber and resin matrix by hand lay-up using a 2-axis filament winding machine. In the present work, the lowcost filament winding machine is designed and developed for the fabrication of FRP pipes and cylindrical specimens.

Fabrication of Low Cost Filament Winding Machine

Filament winding is a process of loading high degree of fibres to take advantage of high tensile in manufacturing of hollow, generally cylindrical products. The process affords the high strength to weight ratio laminates and provides a high degree of control over uniformity and fibre orientation. Filament wound structures can be accurately machined, and labour factor for filament winding is lower than other open molding processes. The filament wound composite pipes are fabricated using high strength fiber and resin matrix by hand lay-up using 2-axis filament winding machine. The present work, the low cost filament winding machine is designed and developed for the fabrication of FRP pipes and cylindrical specimens. The concept of an engine lathe supported by a wet winding method were being used in the development of filament winding machine. The capability of the machine to evolve specimen of 100mm diameter with 1m length is designed. KEY WORD: fabrication of low cost filament winding machine

SELECTION OF OPTIMAL PROCESSING PARAMETERS IN FILAMENT WINDING

Wet filament winding is widely used as a production method for fibre reinforced plastic tubular products. The resulting quality of the product can be characterised by parameters like fibre volume fraction, void content and mechanical properties under certain loading conditions. These quantities are functions of the initial characteristics of resin and fibres, processing parameters (e.g. fibre tension, resin temperature, number of fibre tows and winding speeds) and geometric parameters such as mandrel diameter and winding angle. These initial parameters determine other important secondary processing parameters, namely the layer thickness and the resulting bandwidth. Generally these secondary processing parameters are, at the same time, design requirements. It is therefore important to predetermine the proper material and processing parameters in order to produce parts with the desired characteristics and quality. The results of a study are presented in which the influence of processing parameters on the final part characteristics is investigated using video analysis and other techniques. The aim of this study is to contribute towards a more rational winding process optimisation method and to reduce the reliance on the current empirical approach.

Design, modeling, optimization, manufacturing and testing of variable-angle filament-wound cylinders

Composites Part B: Engineering, 2021

This work demonstrates the potential of manufacturing variable-angle composite cylinders via filament winding (FW), called VAFW. The proposed design strategy allows different filament angles along the axial direction by dividing the cylinder into regions of constant angle called frames. Designs using two, four, or eight frames are herein investigated. A genetic algorithm is applied to optimize each design for maximum axial buckling load. A design with minimum manufacturable filament angle is included in the study. All structures are manufactured and tested under axial compression, with displacements and strains measured by digital image correlation (DIC). The thickness and mid-surface imperfections of the different designs are measured through DIC and used to explain the observed buckling mechanisms. These imperfections are incorporated into a nonlinear numerical model along with a progressive damage analysis. Additionally, a scaling factor is applied on the measured imperfections to enable an imperfection sensitivity study on the proposed designs. The VAFW design shows buckling strength, stiffness, and absorbed energy substantially higher than the constant-angle configuration, attributed to tailored thickness buildup and optimized tow steered angles at particular regions of the cylinder. The experimental and numerical results indicate that VAFW designs can be tailored to postpone buckling so that the material strength can be better exploited.

Technical report Design and fabrication of low cost filament winding machine

In general, the composite pipes are fabricated using glass fiber and polyester resin matrix by hand lay-up and also by 2-axis filament winding machine. In this work, a filament winding machine was designed and developed for the fabrication of pipes and round shape specimens. A lathe-type machine and a wet winding method were used in the design of the machine. It provides a capability for producing pipe specimens with an internal diameter up to 100 mm and lengths up to 1000 mm. The range of the winding angle, or the fiber orientation angle, starts from 20°to 90°depending on the mandrel diameter used. Mandrel speed is kept constant as 13.6 revolutions per minute (rpm) while the speed of screw of delivery unit varies from 0 rpm to a maximum of 250 rpm. In the filament winding process used, a single glass roving is drawn through a bath of pre-catalyzed resin which is mounted on the lead screw by the rotating mandrel. A control unit was used to control the whole process and achieve regular winding and good surface finish. Tube samples and other circular specimens of different dimensions were produced using this machine for the different mechanical tests and applications.

Finite element modeling of the filament winding process

Composite Structures, 2001

A ®nite element model of the wet ®lament winding process was developed. In particular, a general purpose software for ®nite element analysis was used to calculate the ®ber volume fraction under dierent process conditions. Several unique user de®ned subroutines were developed to modify the commercial code for this speci®c application, and the numerical result was compared with experimental data for validation. In order to predict the radial distribution of the ®ber volume fraction within a wet wound cylinder, three unique user de®ned subroutines were incorporated into the commercial ®nite element code: a ®ber consolidation/compaction model, a thermochemical model of the resin and a resin mixing model. The ®ber consolidation model describes the in¯uence of the external radial compaction pressure of a new layer as it is wound onto the surface of existing layers. The thermochemical model includes both the cure kinetics and viscosity of the resin. This model analyzes the composite properties and tracks the viscosity of the resin, which is a function of the degree of cure of the resin. The resin mixing model describes the mixing of``old'' and``new'' resin as plies are compacted. Validations were made by comparing image analysis data of ®ber volume fraction in each ply for ®lament wound cylinders with the FEM results. The good agreement of these comparisons demonstrated that the FEM approach has can predict ®ber volume fraction over a range of winding conditions. This approach, then, is an invaluable tool for predicting the eects of winding parameters on cylinder structural quality.

Unified approach of filament winding applied to complex shape mandrels

Composite Structures, 2014

The filament winding process faces up limiting fabrication inconveniences when designing complex geometries of composite structures. Even the complete coverage of a cylindrical mandrel requires introducing deviation from geodesic trajectories. As a consequence, models for non-geodesic paths have been developed. The present research aims to establish, to solve and to validate a generic mathematical model that contributes either to wind complex shapes, or to solve common filament winding disadvantages, on the basis of an integrated strategy. This so-called unified approach leads to benefit of composite structures made by filament winding despite the limitations of the manufacturing process. Based on the mathematical description of the mandrel geometry, the theory of surfaces leads to express the local curvatures. Considering the slippage tendency of the fiber tow over the surface, a local stability criterion involving mathematical parameters of the mandrel surface is established, and a general fiber path equation can be formulated. A numerical tool is developed and applied to predict the evolution of the filament winding angle of the fiber tow placed over the surface of two axisymmetric geometries: a convex and a concave one. Experimental validation is carried out by manufacturing these geometries using a four axis filament winding machine.

Small-scale filament winding machine for producing fiber composite products

2012

Over the years, filament winding has been recognized as a cost effective technique to produce composite products with superior properties. In this paper, small-scale automated filament winding machine was designed and fabricated. In filament winding process, the fiber is impregnated with resin and wrapped on a cylindrical shape mandrel. The designed machine integrates mechanical, electrical and electronics components all controlled by a single PIC 18F452 microcontroller. The paper presents series of algorithms that control the entire winding processes. The machine generates helical winding patterns with various angles. The winding patterns are achieved by controlling separately rotational speed of mandrel and translational speed of carriage block on the lead screw. Testing of the prototype shows that it is capable of producing winding angles in the range from 40 to 80 degrees. This machine can use for training the new students as a part from their study of fabrication of long fiber composite materials.