Radiographic Assessment for Predicting the Mandibular Third Molar Eruption after Orthodontic Treatment in First Premolar Extraction Group and Non-Extraction Group: A-retrospective Study (original) (raw)
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Pakistan Orthodontic Journal, 2016
Introduction: The lateral cephalogram has become an integral part of the diagnosis and treatment planning of orthodontic patients. However, there have been rising concerns over unnecessary exposure to X-rays. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the orthodontists working in three dental hospitals of Rawalpindi and Islamabad were able to judge cephalometric values using only photographs . Material and Methods : This was a questionnaire based study. The sample consisted of 24 orthodontists divided into 2 groups according to their number of years of clinical experience (more than 5 years and less than 5 years of experience). The subjects were asked to diagnose the sagittal, vertical and soft tissue discrepancies of a series of patients using only the lateral profile photographs. An independent t-test was used to compare the diagnostic abilities of the two groups. Results : The independent t-test showed a statistically insignificant difference (p-value > 0.05) in the dia...
A comparison of scanned lateral cephalograms with corresponding original radiographs
American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 2006
Introduction: Digital cephalometric radiography is gaining popularity in orthodontic practices. However, few studies have compared measurements and superimpositions on analog radiographs with those made on scanned digital images. The objectives of this study were to evaluate distortion associated with scanning lateral cephalograms and printing to hard copy, and to assess the accuracy of digital images for regular cephalometric tasks. Methods: Pretreatment and posttreatment cephalograms from 30 subjects were selected and 3 groups were created: original, digital, and hard copy. All films had 8 fiducial marks punched and were scanned at 150 dots per inch. The hard copies were created with a laser printer. Twenty-three cephalometric measures and 3 superimpositions were evaluated for distortion, measurement accuracy, and superimposition results. Paired t tests were used to assess statistical significance. Results: Distortion between the original and the scanned image showed 0.8 mm vertical enlargement and 0.4 mm horizontal reduction. Printed radiographs had 1.1 mm vertical and 0.4 mm horizontal enlargement. All differences were statistically significant. Cephalometric comparisons between original and digital images showed statistical differences in Frankfort horizontal (FH)-occlusal plane, maxillary central incisor-FH, facial plane, y-axis, Frankfort plane to mandibular plane angle (FMA), and FH-Naison to point A (NA). Significant differences also were found in facial plane, y-axis, FMA, and FH-NA when comparing the digital and the hard-copy images. All measurements with differences contained the landmarks porion and orbitale. No differences were found between the original and the hard-copy images. Likewise, no significant differences were found between the original and the digital superimpositions. Conclusions: Although some distortion was found, the relatively small horizontal and vertical discrepancies were deemed clinically insignificant. Landmark identification errors on scanned images contributed to the discrepancies in cephalometric analysis. Therefore, for clinical orthodontic applications, scanned cephalograms can be used. However, caution must be exercised when determining porion and orbitale. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2006;130:340-8) a Private practice, Reno, Nev. b Assistant professor and director,
https://www.ijrrjournal.com/IJRR\_Vol.9\_Issue.10\_Oct2022/IJRR-Abstract47.html, 2022
Introduction: Attainment of the best results post orthodontic treatment is majorly dependent on proper diagnosis and a good treatment plan. Diagnostic records lay the foundation of formulation of a good treatment plan. Among which lateral cephalograms and panoramic radiographs are important tools. Required knowledge about various parameters can be obtained by making certain linear and angular measurements. Gonial angle is one such parameter which helps an orthodontist in determining the facial pattern of an individual and thus altering the treatment plan as required. Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficiency of lateral cephalograms and panoramic radiographs in the determination of right and left gonial angle and determination of the accuracy of both. Materials and Methods: Pre-treatment lateral cephalograms of 120 skeletal class I subjects were randomly selected and divided into 60 males and 60 females. Radiographic landmarks were located, identified and marked and various measurements were made. The measurements thus obtained were statistically analysed. Results: The mean value of gonial angle measured using the panoramic radiograph was 124.75 and that of lateral cephalogram was 125.12. No statistically significant difference was found between the gonial angle measured using lateral cephalograms and that using panoramic radiographs. Conclusion: With the present study, it can be concluded that both lateral cephalograms and panoramic radiographs effectively measure the gonial angles. However, no statistically significant difference was found in the measured angle with the two radiographs.
Agreement Between Panoramic and Lateral Cephalometric Radiographs for Measuring the Gonial Angle
Iranian Journal of Radiology, 2012
The gonial angle is one of the most important measurements required for orthodontic treatment and orthognathic surgery. It is difficult to determine the accurate measurement of each gonial angle on cephalometric radiographs because of superimposition of the left and right angles. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to determine the right and left gonial angles on panoramic radiographs and to compare them with an evaluated cephalometric sample. Patients and Methods: A total of 80 panoramic and 80 cephalometric radiographs were obtained from 6 to 12-year-old children and the gonial angle was determined by the tangent of the inferior border of the mandible and the most distal aspect of the ascending ramus and the condyleon both panoramic and cephalometric radiographs. We used Pearson's correlation coefficient and paired t-test for comparison. Results: The mean gonial angle was 127.07 ± 6.10 and 127.5 ± 6.67 degrees on panoramic and cephalometric radiographs, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the measured gonial angles on panoramic and cephalometric radiographs and also no difference between the right and left (both Ps = 0.18) Conclusion: The value of the gonial angle measured on panoramic radiography was the same as that measured on the routinely used cephalometric radiography. .5812/iranjradiol.8444 Implication for health policy/practice/research/medical education: In case of similar values of gonial angles measured in panoramic and lateral cephalometric radiographs in orthodontic patients planned for optimized treatment, we can use any of these radiographs. Please cite this paper as:
Significance of Cephalometric Radiograph in Orthodontic Treatment Plan Decision
The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice, 2019
Aim: The lateral cephalometric radiograph is a standard component of clinical records taken for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. The present study was conducted to assess the utility of cephalometric radiography and analysis in modern orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. Materials and methods: A research survey was conducted at Jacksonville University School of Orthodontics. Thirty-one residents and faculty were the participants. The survey sample was collected from the university patients' pool. A survey was given to participants at two time points. At the first time point (T1), the participants were given full records without lateral cephalogram. At the second time point (T2), they were given full records with lateral cephalogram. Two measures were analyzed: (1) a change in orthodontic treatment decision and (2) a change in the orthodontic treatment plan. A traditional McNemar's test was used on paired binary data. We used the conditional logistic regression model with robust variance at a participant level to adjust for a participant-level clustering effect to test the difference in treatment decision before and after. A statistical significance was determined at p = 0.05. Results: It was found that 93.6% of the treatment decisions and 70% of the extraction decisions were consistent after the introduction of lateral cephalograms. There was no statistically significant association observed between two outcome measures and the use of cephalograms (p = 0.80). Conclusion: Sufficient evidence does not exist to warrant lateral cephalometric radiographs be taken as a part of standard diagnostic records on every individual seeking orthodontic treatment. Clinical significance: Evidenced-based selection criteria for prescribing lateral cephalometric radiographs should be developed to reduce the amount of radiation exposure to the general public.
World Journal of Dentistry, 2019
Aim: Vertical malocclusion is an important and commonly seen anomaly of the craniofacial complex. The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare the efficiency of the orthopantomogram (OPG) over the lateral cephalogram. Materials and methods: A total of 60 radiographs were collected from patients. Independent reference planes were set up in the maxilla and the mandible. The inclusion criteria of the study involved subjects in the age group of 20-25 years, class I skeletal and dental relationship with an overjet, and overbite in the range of 2-4 mm with an orthognathic profile. Exclusion criteria involved crowding, asymmetry, or spacing along with no history of prior orthodontic or surgical treatment. Mean values were evaluated using the z test. The statistical analysis was performed by using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. Results: Significant values were obtained for effective length of ramus, effective length of corpus, effective height of corpus, interocclusal distance, panoramic alternative of gonial angle (PGOA), panoramic alternative condylar inclination (PCOI), panoramic alternative of mandibular plane angle (PMPA), and maxillary occlusal angle. Conclusion: On completion of our study, we can conclude that the OPG can be used in the assessment of vertical malocclusion quantitatively. Clinical significance: Less radiation exposure and easy availability of OPGs will be useful clinically.
Australasian Orthodontic Journal, 2021
Aims To evaluate the influence of the lateral cephalometric radiograph on orthodontists’ diagnosis and treatment planning decisions. Methods Five patients with full pre-treatment records were selected to represent a spectrum of malocclusions. The records were provided in a web-based questionnaire emailed to 510 Australian registered orthodontists. Participants were asked to formulate a diagnosis and treatment plan for a randomised patient case. The control group received a lateral cephalometric radiograph whilst the intervention group did not. The two groups’ diagnostic accuracy was determined by a comparison with the formative diagnoses determined by five senior academic orthodontists. Their diagnosis and treatment planning decisions were also compared. Results A comparison of the orthodontists’ diagnoses revealed that the lateral cephalometric radiograph did not lead to an increase in the assessment accuracy of dental (p = 0.797) and skeletal (p = 0.273) relationships. Further ana...
Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics
Purpose Purpose: To investigate whether panoramic radiograph can be used as an alternative to lateral cephalogram for measuring the gonial angle in skeletal Class I patients. Patients and Methods Patients and Methods: Panoramic radiograph and lateral cephalogram were collected from the pretreatment records of 100 patients of the age 16-30 years from the Department of Orthodontics. Radiographs were manually traced and the gonial angle was measured. Paired t-test was used to find the difference in mean gonial angle between the panoramic radiograph and lateral cephalogram. A simple regression analysis was performed to find the relationship between the gonial angles in two different radiographs. Results Results: The mean gonial angle in lateral cephalogram was greater in panoramic radiograph, which was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The mean gonial angle in female was found to be greater than the male patients in all radiographs. No significant difference was found between the mean gonial angle in lateral cephalogram and right panoramic radiograph. Linear regression analysis showed that, with a one-degree change in mean gonial angle in lateral cephalogram, the mean gonial angle in panoramic radiograph increases by 0.804. Conclusion Conclusion: Right sided panoramic view can be used to determine the gonial angle as accurately as lateral cephalogram in Nepali sample. Regression equation was derived to find the relationship of gonial angle between panoramic radiograph and lateral cephalogram.