Can Cranberry Juice Protect against Rotenone-Induced Toxicity in Rats? (original) (raw)
Related papers
Cranberry antioxidant power on oxidative stress, inflammation and mitochondrial damage
International Journal of Food Properties
The American cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) is one of the fruits containing antioxidants in great quantity and of high quality. From recent research, it is evident that both cranberry and its products, when consumed chronically or acutely, boost the antioxidant effect. Likewise, most studies revealed the antiinflammatory potential of the cranberry polyphenols. Both effects exert direct action mechanisms, revealed by the ability of the polyphenols to remove the reactive oxygen species, as well as indirect effects, represented by the action of these phytochemicals on the cell signaling pathways and genetic expression. A limited number of articles that evaluated the effects of cranberry on mitochondrial damages are available. However, an enhancement in the functions of this organelle was confirmed by the increased production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Therefore, further studies are required to demonstrate the benefits credited to the use of cranberry, as well as to describe the action mechanisms of the polyphenols.
Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine, 2017
To investigate the hepatoprotective efficacy of cranberry extract (CBE) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatic injury using in-vivo animal model. The hepatoprotective efficacy of CBE (200 and 400 mg/kg) was investigated against CCl4 (4 mL/kg)-induced hepatotoxicity, elevated liver enzymes [ALT (alanine aminotransferase), AST (aspartate aminotransferase), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)], and total protein (TP) contents in the serum. Moreover, CBE-aided antioxidant defense against hepatotoxic insult of CCl4 was measured by evaluating a number of anti-oxidative biomarkers including reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the serum by using spectrophotometric analyses. Results showed that the exposure of experimental animals to CCl4 did induce significant hepatotoxicity compared to the non-induced (untreated) group. The oral administration of CBE demonstrated a significant dose-dependent alleviation in the liver en...
Food Research International, 2015
Oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated cell damage are implicated in various chronic pathologies. Emerging studies show that polyphenols may act by increasing endogenous antioxidant defense potential. Cranberry has one of the highest polyphenol content among commonly consumed fruits. In this study, the hepato-protective activity of a cranberry juice (CJ) and cranberry extract (CE) powders against oxidative stress was screened using HepG2 cells, looking at ROS production, intracellular non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidant defenses by reduced glutathione concentration (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR) activity and lipid peroxidation biomarker malondialdehyde (MDA). Involvement of major protein kinase signaling pathways was also evaluated. Both powders in basal conditions did not affect cell viability but decreased ROS production and increased GPx activity, conditions that may place the cells in favorable conditions against oxidative stress. Powder pre-treatment of HepG2 cells for 20 h significantly reduced cell damage induced by 400 μM tert-butylhydroperoxide (t-BOOH) for 2 h. Both powders (5-50 μg/ml) reduced t-BOOH-induced increase of MDA by 20% (CJ) and 25% (CE), and significantly reduced over-activated GPx and GR. CE, with a significantly higher amount of polyphenols than CJ, prevented a reduction in GSH and significantly reduced ROS production. CJ reversed the t-BOOH-induced increase in phospho-c-Jun N-terminal kinase. This study demonstrates that cranberry polyphenols may help protect liver cells against oxidative insult by modulating GSH concentration, ROS and MDA generation, antioxidant enzyme activity and cell signaling pathways.
Journal of medicinal food, 2007
Oxidative stress and hypogonadism are linked to the increased incidence of cardiovascular disease in males. The objective of this research was to delineate whether drinking cranberry juice for 4 months affects antioxidant capacity and lipid profile in orchidectomized rats. Thirty-two 1-year-old male rats were randomized to two groups: a sham-control group (n = 8) and an orchidectomized group (n = 24). The orchidectomized group was divided into three groups of eight and assigned to one of the following treatments: orchidectomy, orchidectomy plus 27% cranberry juice, and orchidectomy plus 45% cranberry juice. At 120 days after initiation of the study, all rats were killed, blood was collected, and plasma was harvested for total antioxidant status, malondialdehyde, nitrate + nitrite, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in liver, and concentrations of cholesterol and triglyceride in liver and in plasma. Orchidectomy depressed (P < .05) plasma antioxidant capacity and SOD activity...
Various Promising Biological Effects of Cranberry Extract: A Review
Clinical Schizophrenia and Related Psychoses, 2021
Cranberry is a well-known natural occurring product that has been used for centuries in traditional medicine to promote urinary tract health. Besides that, Cranberry has shown promising biomedicinal activity in the prevention and treatment of many human disorders. The presence of polyphenolic entities such as proanthocyanidins, anthocyanins, flavonols, and other chemo-constituents is commonly linked to the positive effects of this natural product on human health. Cranberry and its extract were developed and marketed as nutraceutical supplements, and their antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties allow them to be used for managing a variety of ailments, including microbial infections, metabolic syndrome elements, and cancer. The focus of this paper is on some of the recent studies which explore the potential pharmacological activities of Cranberry extract. Ultimately, this study concluded that cranberry extract can offer a feasible and prospective phytochemical option for treating many disorders affecting human health.
Neuropharmacology, 2007
Since oxidative stress is implicated in the pathophysiology of dementia and depression, this study was designed to investigate the pro-oxidant activity of rotenone, the protective role of standardized extract of Hypericum perforatum (SHP), as well as the mRNA levels of antioxidant enzymes, in brain homogenates of rats following exposure to rotenone and SHP extract. Quercetin in liposomes, one active constituent, was tested in the same experimental conditions to serve as a positive control. The animals received pretreatment with SHP (4 mg/kg) or quercetin liposomes (25 and 100 mg/kg) 60 min before of rotenone injection (2 mg/kg). All treatments were given intraperitoneally in a volume of 0.5 ml/kg body weight, for 45 days. Rotenone treatment increased activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and levels of malondialdehyde (MDA). The content of reduced glutathione (GSH) was decreased due to chronic rotenone treatment. Rotenone significantly induced the gene expression of CuZnSOD, MnSOD; CAT and GPx in brain. In contrast, SHP extract exerted an antioxidant action which was related with a decreased of MnSOD activity and mRNA levels of some antioxidant enzymes evaluated. Liposomal quercetin treatment resulted in a significant preservation of the activities of antioxidant enzymes and a decreased in the mRNA levels of these antioxidant enzymes. One possible mechanism of action of SHP extract may be related to quercetin in protecting neurons from oxidative damage. Therefore standardized extract of H. perforatum could be a better alternative for depressed elderly patients with degenerative disorder exhibiting elevated oxidative stress status.
Frontiers in Pharmacology
Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a pathological accumulation of triglycerides (TGs) in the hepatocyte in the absence of alcohol intake. Untreated NAFLD is expected to progress into liver fibrosis. Cranberry is rich in polyphenols with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Hypothesis: The present study was performed to evaluate our hypothesis of the possible anti-fibrotic effect of cranberry nutraceuticals in a high fat cholesterol diet induced (HFCD)-NAFLD in rats, focusing on improving insulin sensitivity and modulating the expression of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) (a transcription factor responsible for regulating cellular redox balance). Method: Male albino wistar rats (12 weeks) received HFCD and/or cranberry (50 and 100 mg/kg/day, three times/week) orally for 8 consecutive weeks. Results: In comparison to the HFCD group, cranberry treated groups (50 and 100 mg/kg) showed marked hepatoprotection, where it significantly decreased liver enzymes (alanine transaminases by 49 and 64% and aspartate transaminases by 45 and 64%; respectively), TGs, and ameliorated the histopathological alterations (such as inflammatory cells infiltration and ballooning degeneration) induced by HFCD. Cranberry also alleviated oxidative stress (malondialdehyde, glutathione, catalase and superoxide dismutase) and inflammation (tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukine-6 and nuclear factor kappa-b) and significantly reduced the HOMA-IR and TyG index. On the other hand, cranberry treated groups (50 and 100 mg/kg) showed a marked increase in the expression of adiponectin, by 8 and 13-fold, insulin receptor substrate-2 by 21 and 79%, and Nrf2 by 13 and 61%, respectively. Notably, cranberry significantly reduced the fibrotic markers, TGF-β and α-SMA expression and collagen deposition.
Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin, 2014
Chronic stress has been reported to induce oxidative damage of the brain. A few studies have shown that Crocus Sativus L., commonly known as saffron and its active constituent crocin may have a protective effect against oxidative stress. The present work was designed to study the protective effects of saffron extract and crocin on chronic - stress induced oxidative stress damage of the brain, liver and kidneys. Rats were injected with a daily dose of saffron extract (30 mg/kg, IP) or crocin (30 mg/kg, IP) during a period of 21 days following chronic restraint stress (6 h/day). In order to determine the changes of the oxidative stress parameters following chronic stress, the levels of the lipid peroxidation product, malondialdehyde (MDA), the total antioxidant reactivity (TAR), as well as antioxidant enzyme activities glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured in the brain, liver and kidneys tissues after the end of chronic s...
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2007
This study assessed the effect of an 8 week consumption of dried cranberry juice (DCJ) on 65 healthy young women. Basic biochemical and hematological parameters, antioxidant status, presence of metabolites in urine, and urine ex vivo antiadherence activity were determined throughout the trial. A 400 mg amount of DCJ/day had no influence on any parameter tested. A 1200 mg amount of DCJ/day resulted in a statistically significant decrease in serum levels of advanced oxidation protein products. This specific protective effect against oxidative damage of proteins is described here for the first time. Urine samples had an inhibitory effect on the adhesion of uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains, but no increase in urine acidity was noted. Hippuric acid, isomers of salicyluric and dihydroxybenzoic acids, and quercetin glucuronide were identified as the main metabolites. In conclusion, cranberry fruits are effective not only in the prevention of urinary tract infection but also for the prevention of oxidative stress.