Heavy Metal (Pb) in the Rhizophora apiculata Mangrove in Asahan, North Sumatera, Indonesia (original) (raw)
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The bioavailability of sediment As, Cr and Pb to the mangrove, Rhizophora mucronata in the Kelantan Delta, Malaysia, was studied. The average total concentration of the metals was 24.93 µg/g dry wt. for As, 52.77 µg/g dry wt. for Cr and 55.05 µg/g dry wt. for Pb. The majority of Cr (91.5%), Pb (88.8%) and As (78.7%) was found in the residual fraction. The root of R. mucronata accumulated the most metals compared to bark and leaves, with 9.37±3.33 µg/g dry wt. for Cr, 0.34±0.18 µg/g dry wt. for Pb and 0.34±0.18 µg/g dry wt. for As. Thus, R. mucronata restricted uptake of As, Cr and Pb (Bioaccumulation Factor, BAF<1). Interestingly, As and Pb was found to be efficiently translocated from root to leaf with a Translocation Factor, TF>1. The bioavailable metals in sediment from the Kelantan Delta comprise of less than 20% of the total metal concentration in sediment and were determined to be of low availability to the mangrove R. mucronata.
Mangroves are one of the most biologically important and productive ecosystems in the world. Heavy metals are known to pose a potential threat to terrestrial and aquatic biota. However, little is known on the toxic levels of heavy metals found in mangrove plants in India. To understand heavy metal toxicity, we analyzed heavy metals accumulation in sediment samples collected from surrounding root zone and in the leaves and stem of sixteen different plant species in the Bhitarkanika mangrove forest reserve in Odisha, India. Bhitarkanika mangrove ecosystem receives heavy metal pollution from upstream areas of Brahmani and Baitarani estuary. Few studies were carried about the capacity of mangrove plants to take up and store heavy metals in them. Hence, current investigation was carried out to analyze trace metal accumulation in sediment and plant parts such as stems and leaves of different mangrove plants by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (Shimadzu, AA-6300). The heavy metal concentration in sediment was found to be in the range of 5.99 to 92.00 µg/gm. Metals concentration in sediment samples during the study was in the order of accumulation : Zn>Cu>Pb. The accumulation of heavy metal was higher in stem as compared to leaf.
STUDIES ON HEAVY METALS BIOACCUMULATION POTENTIAL OF MANGROVE SPECIES, AVICENNIA MARINA
The pollution of heavy metals in coastal area specially in mangrove ecosystem as a result of industrialization is a serious threat for environmental safety. This study was carried out to assess the heavy metal bioaccumulation potential of mangrove species, Avicennia marina in the period of October to December 2010. For this purpose the leaves, roots and seedling samples were analysed for Fe, Cr, Ni, Cu, Co and Cd content using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) technique. The samples were collected from eighteen sampling sites in the mangrove forest of Alibaug, Maharashtra, India. The total mean concentration of heavy metals were found in the order Fe > Cu > Co > Cd in both seedling and matured plant samples. The average concentration of Fe, Cu, Cd and Co in the mangrove species not only were higher than the normal range of metals in plant but were also in the phytotoxic levels reported for plants. The bioconcentration factor (BCF) proved heavy metals phytoremediation potential of Avicennia marina for the studied heavy metals with the exception for Cr and the highest capability was observed for Cd. The highest translocation ratio which was studied to understand the metal mobility potential was observed for Fe. Factor analysis suggested that anthropogenic interferences including agricultural runoff, domestic and industrial sewage as well as oil spill in addition basaltic rock runoff due to natural processes contributing in the heavy metals variation in the tissues of studied mangrove species.
Journal of Environment and Ecology
Studies on contaminant bioaccumulation in tropical mangrove ecosystems are very limited. An attempt has been made to assess sources of primary productivity and chemical bioaccumulation behavior in true and associated mangrove plants, water, and sediments from the Pichavaram Mangrove Ecosystem. The water, sediment, and plant materials were collected at 7 different locations and the samples were analyzed to determine the concentration of heavy metals using a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The result reviles that the maximum lead concentrations of 5.48 ppm/g were accumulated in sediment samples collected from shrimp pond effluent and 4.26 ppm/l from water during post-monsoon. The maximum Zinc concentration of 12.34 ppm/g was observed in sediment samples collected from degraded mangrove forests during post-monsoon and 10.99 ppm/g was observed in sediment samples during the summer season. Higher heavy metals concentration was observed during spring and summer this may be due ...
Marine pollution bulletin, 2017
This study aimed to determine the role of mangroves as a biofilter of heavy metals. The concentrations of heavy metals, namely copper, mercury, cadmium, zinc, and lead, in the mangroves Rhizophora apiculata, Ceriops tagal, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Lumnitzera racemosa, Xylocarpus granatum, Sonneratia alba, and Bruguiera parviflora at RAWN Park were determined using a Flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. High concentrations of Cu (83.85μgg(-1)) and Hg (0.52μgg(-1)) were found in the tissues of L. racemosa, while high concentrations of Cd (10.81μgg(-1)), Zn (70.41μgg(-1)), and Pb (1.36μgg(-1)) were found in the tissues of B. gymnorrhiza, B. parviflora and C. tagal, respectively. The translocation and bioaccumulation factors of heavy metals by mangroves showed a variety of trends, which indicated the different partitioning and uptake capability of heavy metals in the tissues of various mangrove species. Thus, maintaining high diversity of mangroves is crucial to ensure the health an...
Heavy metals in dominant mangroves.pdf
In the recent past, the Indian Sundarbans is constantly exposed to various anthropogenic activities including urbanization, tourism and fishing. This study presents the concentrations of Fe, Zn, Cu, and Pb in the vegetative parts of Avicennia marina, Avicennia alba, Avicennia officinalis, Excoecaria agallocha and Heritiera fomes collected from Western Indian Sundarbans during July, 2015. Metals accumulated as per the order Fe > Zn > Cu > Pb. In the vegetative parts, the order of accumulation of metals is root > stem > leaf. A long-term data on ambient soil, water and vegetative parts is required to identify the indicator species in context to heavy metal pollution in the Indian Sundarban deltaic complex.
Research Journal of Life Science
Human and industrial activities in the area of Manyar Subdistrict Mangrove Waters, Gresik District can increase pollution and the presence of heavy metals in aquatic environments and aquatic organisms. This triggers input of heavy metals, especially Pb and Cu. Mangroves can accumulate and have a high tolerance for heavy metals so they can be used as plants for phytoremidiation purposes (phytostabilization). The mangrove ecosystem can be used as a control of heavy metal pollution and can also be used as a pollutant trap. This study was conducted to determine the potential of phytoremidiation based on the accumulation and translocation of heavy metals in Avicennia marina mangroves in absorbing heavy metals Pb and Cu from their environment. Based on research results MacFarlane et al., (2007) mangrove Avicennia marina is one of the plants that can effectively accumulate heavy metals due to its root system. The sample was analyzed using AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer). The research parameters include levels of Pb and Cu metals in sediments, mangrove roots and leaves. The results of Pb heavy metal concentrations ranged from 0.30-4.84 ppm and Cu ranged from 0.27-11.42 ppm with the highest values found in sediment stations 2. Avicennia marina at the study site was excluder because the BCF value < 1 which ranged from 0.02-0.18 ppm and phyto-extraction because the value of TF > 1 ranged from 0.35 to 1.69 ppm. The results of this study indicate that Avicennia marina mangroves can be developed into phytoremidiation agents because they are able to absorb and transfer heavy metals from the environment to other body tissues.
Biological Trace Element …
The concentration and bioavailability of Ni, Cu, Cd, Zn, and Pb in the sediments and leaves of grey mangrove, Avicennia marina, were studied throughout Sirik Azini creek (Iran) with a view to determine heavy metals bioavailability, and two methods were used. Results show that Zn and Ni had the highest concentrations in the sediments, while Cd and Cu were found to have the lowest concentrations in the sediments. Compared to the mean concentrations of heavy metals in sedimentary rock (shales), Zn and Cu showed lower concentration, possibly indicating that the origin of these heavy metals is natural. A geoaccumulation index (I geo) was used to determine the degree of contamination in the sediments. I geo values for Zn, Cu, Pb, and Ni showed that there is no pollution from these metals in the study area. As heavy metal concentrations in leaves were higher than the bioavailable fraction of metals in sediments, it follows that bioconcentration factors (leaf/ bioavailable sediment) for some metals were higher than 1.
Heavy Metal Accumulation in the Mangrove Ecosystem of South Gujarat Coast, India
Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 2017
The mangrove ecosystem in South Gujarat estuaries constantly reel under the pressure of pollution owing to the rapid industrialization. Hence, this study was carried out to assess the impacts of heavy metals coming into the system through the waste discharges on the overall mangrove health in selected estuaries of the region. The concentrations of different heavy metals such as Pb, Ni, Cr, Cd, Zn, Cu, Fe and Hg were measured in the sediments and tissues of Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Vierh. (Family: Acanthaceae) in seven estuaries of South Gujarat. The results revealed that despite the relatively high heavy metal accumulation (Cr > Cu > Zn > Ni > Pb > Cd > Hg) in the mangrove sediments of the study sites, A. marina plants selectively uptake only Cu and Zn and tend to avoid rest of the heavy metals. The analysis of the mangrove sediments indicated a positive correlation between the organic matter and clay content with the heavy metals. No visible impact of heavy meta...
Accumulation and partitioning of heavy metals in mangroves: A synthesis of field-based studies
Chemosphere, 2007
We report the findings of a comparative analysis examining patterns of accumulation and partitioning of the heavy metals copper (Cu), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) in mangroves from available field-based studies to date, employing both species level analyses and a phylogenetic approach. Despite mangroves being a taxonomically diverse group, metal accumulation and partitioning for all metals examined were broadly similar across genera and families. Patterns of metal accumulation were also similar regardless of whether species were classified as salt secreting or non-secreting. Metals were accumulated in roots to concentrations similar to those of adjacent sediments with root bio-concentration factors (BCF; ratio of root metal to sediment metal concentration) of 61. Root BCFs were constant across the exposure range for all metals. Metal concentrations in leaves were half that of roots or lower. Essential metals (Cu and Zn; translocation factors (TF; ratio of leaf metal to root metal concentration) of 0.52 and 0.53, and leaf BCFs of 0.47 and 0.51, respectively) showed greater mobility than non-essential metals (Pb; TF of 0.31 and leaf BCF of 0.11). Leaf BCFs for the essential metals Cu and Zn decreased as environmental concentrations increased. The non-essential metal Pb was excluded from leaf tissue regardless of environmental concentrations. Thus mangroves as a group tend to operate as excluder species for non-essential metals and regulators of essential metals. For phytoremediation initiatives, mangrove ecosystems are perhaps best employed as phytostabilisers, potentially aiding in the retention of toxic metals and thereby reducing transport to adjacent estuarine and marine systems.