Biomedical applications of the ESRF synchrotron-based microspectroscopy platform (original) (raw)
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Journal of The Royal Society Interface, 2009
The direct detection of biologically relevant metals in single cells and of their speciation is a challenging task that requires sophisticated analytical developments. The aim of this article is to present the recent achievements in the field of cellular chemical element imaging, and direct speciation analysis, using proton and synchrotron radiation X-ray micro-and nanoanalysis. The recent improvements in focusing optics for MeV-accelerated particles and keV X-rays allow application to chemical element analysis in subcellular compartments. The imaging and quantification of trace elements in single cells can be obtained using particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE). The combination of PIXE with backscattering spectrometry and scanning transmission ion microscopy provides a high accuracy in elemental quantification of cellular organelles. On the other hand, synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence provides chemical element imaging with less than 100 nm spatial resolution. Moreover, synchrotron radiation offers the unique capability of spatially resolved chemical speciation using micro-X-ray absorption spectroscopy. The potential of these methods in biomedical investigations will be illustrated with examples of application in the fields of cellular toxicology, and pharmacology, bio-metals and metal-based nano-particles.
Australian Journal of Chemistry, 2012
This review updates the recent advances and applications of three prominent synchrotron radiation techniques, microprobe X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy/imaging, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and infrared microspectroscopy, and highlights how these tools are useful to the medicinal chemist. A brief description of the principles of the techniques is given with emphasis on the advantages of using synchrotron radiation-based instrumentation rather than instruments using typical laboratory radiation sources. This review focuses on several recent applications of these techniques to solve inorganic medicinal chemistry problems, focusing on studies of cellular uptake, distribution, and biotransformation of established and potential therapeutic agents. The importance of using these synchrotron-based techniques to assist the development of, or validate the chemistry behind, drug design is discussed.
Spectroscopy Letters, 2005
Resolving the distribution and speciation of metal(loid)s within biological environmental samples is essential for understanding bioavailability, trophic transfer, and environmental risk. We used synchrotron x-ray microspectroscopy to analyze a range of samples that had been exposed to metal(loid) contamination. Microprobe x-ray fluorescence elemental mapping (mSXRF) of decomposing rhizosphere microcosms consisting of Ni-and U-contaminated soil planted with wheat (Triticum aestivum) showed the change in Ni and U distribution over a 27-day period, with a progressive movement of U into decaying tissue. mSXRF maps showed the micrometer-scale distribution of Ca, Mn, Fe, Ni, and U in roots of willow (Salix nigra L.) growing on a former radiological settling pond, with U located outside of the epidermis and Ni inside the cortex. X-ray computed tomography (CMT) of woody tissue of this same affected willow showed that small points of high Ni fluorescence observed previously are actually a Ni-rich substance contained within an individual xylem vessel. mSXRF and x-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) linked the elevated Se concentrations in sediments of a coal fly ash settling pond with oral deformities of bullfrog tadpoles (Rana catesbeiana). Se distribution was localized within the deformed mouthparts, and with an oxidation state of Se ( 2 II) consistent with organo-Se compounds, it suggests oral deformities are caused by incorporation of Se into proteins. The range of tissues analyzed in this study highlight the applicability of synchrotron X-ray microspectroscopic techniques to biological tissues and the study of metal(loid) bioavailability.
X-ray fluorescence imaging of metals and metalloids in biological systems
American journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging, 2018
Metals and metalloids play fundamental roles in many physiological processes in biological systems, but imbalance of these elements in the body may cause many diseases, such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and even cancers. Thus, to better understand the metallome in health and disease, quantitative determination of their localization, concentration, speciation, and related metabolism at cellular or subcellular levels is of great importance. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) imaging, as a new generation of analytical technique, has been reported as an ideal tool to quantitatively map multiple metals and metalloids in tissues with reasonable sensitivity, specificity, and resolution. In the current review, we have introduced the general concept of XRF imaging technique, reviewed the recent advances using XRF imaging to investigate toxicology of metals and metalloids in life science, and discussed the roles of metals and metalloids in various diseases, including cancers and...
2002
Micro-SRIXE (synchrotron-radiation-induced X-ray emission) and micro-XAS (X-ray absorption spectroscopy) were used to probe the uptake of exogenous metals by cells. The high flux and the sub-micron resolution of the hard X-ray microprobe, offer the experimenter the ability to obtain highly sensitive spatial and structural information of cellular elements. In this work the uptake of carcinogenic Cr(VI) was compared with that of a relatively non-toxic Cr(III) complex by micro-SRIXE mapping of whole cells. High intracellular Cr concentrations were observed in Cr(VI)-treated cells, while no significant Cr uptake was observed for Cr(III)treated cells, as is consistent with uptake studies performed by other techniques. Micro-XANES analysis of Cr(V)and Cr(VI)-treated cells showed that the predominant oxidation product following cellular metabolism was Cr(III). As shown by X-ray microscopic analysis of thin-sectioned cells, however, the reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) did not occur at a fast enough rate to exclude Cr entry into the cell nucleus. Figure 5. Micro-SRIXE elemental maps of V79 Chinese hamster lung cells that have been treated with Cr(VI). Map dimensions are 12 × 12 µm 2 , beam dimensions were 0.3 µm 2 , step size was 0.3 µm. Adapted with permission from [6],
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 2007
University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee is designing and installing a mid-infrared beamline, IRMSI-MED, that will extract 320(h) Â 25(v) mrad 2 from a bending magnet (BM) at the Synchrotron Radiation Center. The BM radiation, collected with 12 toroidal mirrors and collimated with paraboloidal mirrors, illuminates a spot of 60 Â 40 mm 2 at the sample plane of a commercial IR microscope. The microscope is equipped with a multi-element detector (MED) that will provide the opportunity to obtain chemical images with diffraction-limited resolution of the illuminated area in under a minute. r
Synchrotron spectromicroscopy in medicine and biology
Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2001
The ability to couple high-resolution specimen imaging with chemical state analysis allows problems in biology and medicine to be approached in a novel and powerful way. Element specific chemical state analysis can be performed at tunable synchrotron X-ray sources through core level absorption spectroscopy, and a number of methods have been developed to routinely use this technique at the microscopic scale relevant to cellular phenomena. A diverse range of biological specimens has been studied in the MEPHISTO spectromicroscope, and some results are discussed here. The examples are used to illustrate the ability of spectromicroscopy to obtain certain specific results, such as semi-quantitative element detection, and chemical state elucidation or mapping. Essential practical considerations are also emphasized, including sample preparation, the sensitivity of absorption spectroscopy, interferences between elements, and the use of complementary sample analyses.
Microscopy Today, 2019
Many important scientific and technical problems are best addressed using multiple, microscopy-based analytical techniques which combine the strengths of complementary methods. Here, we provide two examples from biomedical challenges: unravelling the attachment zone between dental implants and bone, and uncovering the mechanism of Alzheimer's disease. They combine synchrotron based scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) with transmission electron microscopy ((S)TEM), electron tomography (ET), EELS tomography, and/or atom probe tomography (APT). STXM provides X-ray absorption based chemical sensitivity at mesoscale resolution (10-30 nm) which complements higher spatial resolution electron microscopy and APT.
Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences
Cancer is a worldwide public health problem and prostate cancer continues to be one of the most common fatal cancers in men. Copper plays an important role in the aetiology and growth of tumours however, whether intratumoral copper is actually elevated in prostate cancer patients has not been established. Iron, an important trace element, plays a vital function in oxygen metabolism, oxygen uptake, and electron transport in mitochondria, energy metabolism, muscle function, and hematopoiesis. The X-ray microfluorescence technique (μXRF) is a rapid and non-destructive method of elemental analysis that provides useful elemental information about samples without causing damage or requiring extra sample preparations. This study investigated the behavior of cells in spheroids of human prostate cells, tumour cell line (DU145) and normal cell line (RWPE-1), after supplementation with zinc chloride by 24 hours using synchrotron X-ray microfluorescence (μSRXRF). The measurements were performed...