Materials, electrodes and electrolytes advances for next-generation lithium-based anode-free batteries (original) (raw)

Oxford Open Materials Science

The high volumetric stack energy density (∼750 Wh L−1) is a must for grasping the practical application of electric vehicles with more than 100 km per day driving range. Such achievement requires significant advances in state-of-the-art battery technologies. The anode-free, derived from the metal-battery concept, germinates as one of the future potential battery configurations due to the highest, nearly theoretical gravimetric and volumetric energy density. Thus, moving from the graphite-based anode, where lithium is stored as ions, to anode-free cells, wherein lithium is plated as metal, can change the scenario of the electrochemical energy storing devices both in terms of energy density and fundamental mechanism. Although an anode-free battery theoretically provides higher stack energy density than a Li-ion battery, current developments are still underoptimized as these can barely hold for several cycles at room temperature due to the absence of an active lithium reservoir and sti...

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