Effects of Se supplementation on growth rate and blood parameters in lambs (original) (raw)
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Biological Trace Element Research, 2013
Two trials were conducted in a 2×2+1 factorial arrangement based on a completely randomized design to evaluate the effects of different sources of selenium (Se) on performance, blood metabolites, and nutrient digestibility in male lambs on a barley-based diet. The first trial lasted for 70 days and consisted of 30 lambs (35.6±2.6 kg mean body weight, about 4-5 months of age) which were randomly allotted to five treatments including: (1) basal diet (containing 0.06 mg Se/kg DM; control) without supplementary Se, (2) basal diet+0.20 mg/kg Se as sodium selenite (SeS 0.20), (3) basal diet+0.40 mg/kg Se as sodium selenite (SeS 0.40), (4) basal diet+0.20 mg/kg Se as selenium yeast (SeY 0.20), and (5) basal diet+0.40 mg/kg Se as selenium yeast (SeY 0.40). For the second trial, four lambs from each group of experiment 1 were randomly allocated to individual metabolic cages for 14 days to measure the effects of dietary Se on nutrient digestibility. The results revealed that there were no significant differences for average daily gain, average daily feed intake, feed/gain ratio, hematological parameters (packed cell volume, red blood cell, white blood cell, and hemoglobin values), serum total protein, albumin, globulin, aspartate amino transferase, alkaline phosphatase, and creatine phosphokinase due to supplementation of different amounts and sources of Se in lambs. Dietary Se supplementation significantly improved (P< 0.001) glutathione peroxidase activity in blood. Furthermore, at the end of the trial, serum tri-iodothyronine (T3) amount also increased (P<0.05), while serum thyroxine (T4) amount decreased (P<0.05). Digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber increased (P<0.05) by Se yeast supplementation. It may be concluded that supplementation of Se in lambs had no significant effect on performance and blood hematology, but increased blood glutathione peroxidase activity and serum T3 amount and decreased serum T4 amount as compared to non-supplemented control lambs. Furthermore, Se yeast improved nutrient digestibility in lambs.
Haematological, Blood and Rumen Chemistry Changes in Lambs Following Supplementation with Se-yeast
Acta Veterinaria Brno, 2007
The effects of feed supplementation with organic form of selenium (Se) on ruminal enzyme activities (ALT, AST, GGT, ALP and GDH), blood enzyme activity (GPx), serum enzyme activities (LDH, CK) and haematological indicators were examined in lambs. Ten animals were divided into two groups and fed experimental diets for 3 months. The first group received a basic diet (BD) providing a daily intake 50.6 μg of Se only. The diet for the second group consisted of BD supplemented with selenium 0.3 mg kg-1 DM in the form of Se-enriched yeast and giving a total daily intake 278 μg of Se per animal. Lambs of the second group which were fed additional Se had increased concentrations of Se in plasma (P < 0.001), greater activity of blood glutathione peroxidase (GPx) (P < 0.001) and lower activity of creatine kinase (CK) (P < 0.05) in serum. The activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (P < 0.001) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) (P < 0.001) in ruminal fluid were found to be signific...
Biological Trace Element Research, 2008
Eighteen male lambs (8–9 months of age, 25.00 ± 0.90 kg body weight) were divided into three groups of six animals in each and fed a total mixed ration (TMR) containing concentrate mixture (30% maize grain, 27% soybean meal, 40% wheat bran, 2% mineral mixture, and 1% common salt) and wheat straw in 65:35 ratio and supplemented with selenium (Se) as sodium selenite at 0 (T1, control), 0.15 (T2), and 0.30 ppm (T3) levels. Experimental feeding was done for a period of 90 days including a 6-day metabolism trial. To assess the growth performance, lambs were weighed every 15 days throughout the experimental period. All the lambs were intramuscularly inoculated with a single dose (2 ml) of haemorrhagic septicaemia oil adjuvant vaccine on 0 day to evaluate the humoral immune response. Blood samples were collected on 0 day and thereafter at 30 days interval. Results revealed that supplementation of Se both at 0.15 and 0.30 ppm levels had no significant (P > 0.05) effect on intake and digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein (CP), ether extract, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, and hemicellulose; balances of calcium and phosphorus; and level and intake of digestible CP and total digestible nutrients. Se supplementation also had no significant (P > 0.05) effect on the levels of serum total cholesterol, total protein, albumin, globulin, albumin/globulin ratio, tri-iodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), and T4/T3 ratio; and serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase and serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase enzyme activity in the lambs. However, there was a significant (P < 0.05) increase in the plasma Se levels, red blood cell glutathione peroxidase enzyme activity, and humoral immune response in both the Se-supplemented groups. Feed (TMR) required per kilogram gain was less by 11.1% and 16.5% in groups T2 and T3, respectively, as compared to control (T1) group. Average daily gain was highest (108.5 g) in group T3, followed by group T2 (98.2 g), and lowest (89.06 g) in the control group (T1). These results indicated that supplementation of 0.15 and 0.3 ppm Se in the diet (having 0.19 ppm Se) of lambs significantly improves their immune response and antioxidant status.
Livestock Science, 2009
The objective of this study was to determine the distribution of total selenium (Se) and of the proportion of total Se comprised as the selenized amino acids selenomethionine (SeMet) and selenocysteine (SeCys) within the post mortem tissues of lambs that were fed high dose selenized enriched yeast (SY), derived from a specific strain of Saccharomyces cerevisae CNCM (Collection Nationale de Culture de Microorganism) I-3060. Thirty two Texel X Suffolk lambs (6.87± 0.23 kg BW) were offered both reconstituted milk replacer and a pelleted diet, both of which had been either supplemented with high SY (6.30± 0.18 mg Se/kg DM) or unsupplemented (0.13± 0.01 mg Se/kg of DM), depending on treatment designation, for a continuous period of 91 d. At enrollment and 28, 56 and 91 d following enrollment lambs were blood sampled. At the completion of the treatment period, five lambs from each treatment group were euthanized and samples of heart, liver, kidney and skeletal muscle (longissimus dorsi and psoas major) were retained for Se analysis. The inclusion of high SY increased (P b 0.001) whole blood Se concentration, reaching a maximum mean value of 815.2 ± 19.1 ng Se/mL compared with 217.8 ± 9.1 ng Se/mL in control animals. Tissue total Se concentrations were significantly (Pb 0.001) higher in SY supplemented animals than in controls irrespective of tissue type; values were 26,16, 8 and 3 times higher in skeletal muscle, liver, heart and kidney tissue of HSY lambs when compared to controls. However, the distribution of total Se and the proportions of total Se comprised as either SeMet or SeCys differed between tissue types. Selenocysteine was the predominant selenized amino acid in glandular tissues, such the liver and kidney, irrespective of treatment, although absolute values were markedly higher in HSY lambs. Conversely selenomethionine was the predominant selenized amino acid in cardiac and skeletal muscle (longissimus dorsi, and psoas major) tissues in HSY animals, although the same trend was not apparent for control lambs in which SeCys was the predominant selenized amino acid. It was concluded that there were increases in both whole blood and tissue total Se concentrations as a result of dietary supplementation with high dose of SY. Furthermore, distribution of total Se and Se species differed between both treatment designation and tissue type.
Biological Trace Element Research, 2011
Most regions in Iran are generally selenium (Se) deficient and all mineral premixes which used in farm animals contain Se in the form of sodium selenite. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of injected Se and vitamin E (vit E) on hematology, serum proteins, and performance of lambs during the period which the animals are at risk of Se and/or vit E deficiency. The study also aims to determine the relationship between selenium injection and the levels of other trace elements in blood serum of lambs. A total of 16 lambs of Baloochi breed (age, 70 ± 7 days and weight, 15.2 ± 1.4) were enrolled in the study. The animals were divided into two groups. In the test group, vit E and Se injected at a dose of 0.2 ml/kg BW (Vetoquinol, Selepherol®, Lure Cedex, France, α-tocopherol acetate 3.82 g/100 ml plus sodium selenite 0.023 g/100 ml) at the enrollment. Control lambs were received equal amounts of normal saline as placebo. Blood was sampled from the jugular vein at the beginning of the study (enrollment, before injection of vit E and selenium and saline) and at days 7, 14, 21, and 28 of experiment. The amounts of total serum protein, albumin, glucose, iron, copper, zinc, creatine kinase (CK), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and Se were measured. The concentration of globulin was calculated as the difference between total serum protein and albumin. For evaluation of growth and health, body weight of all the lambs was measured at day 0 of the experiment and the sampling times and days of treatment for each lamb were recorded. Treatment with Se and vit E decreased the activities of CK and AST compared to the controls (p < 0.05). Age (sampling time) had significant effects on the values of Se, iron, zinc, AST, hemoglobin, total protein, glucose, weight, height, and length (p < 0.05). Significant interactions between sampling time and group were seen for CK, AST, iron, glucose, weight, and length. No significant differences were seen for total weight gain (control, 3.48 ± 0.75 kg; test, 3.85 ± 0.9 kg), and average daily gain (control, 0.12 ± 0.03 kg; test, 0.14 ± 0.03 kg) between trial groups.
Effects of selenium source and level of supplementation on the performance and meat quality of lambs
Meat Science, 2009
Objective of this study was to evaluate the performance, the quality and oxidative stability of meat, the total Se and specific selenoamino-acids content of muscle of lambs that were fed diets supplemented from different Se sources and at different levels. Forty-eight Apennine lambs 30 day old (12.78 ± 0.94 kg) received, during a 63 day period, a total mixed ration (TMR) which was either Se unsupplemented (Control group -background only-0.13 mg/kg Se) or supplemented with Na selenite (0.30 mg/ kg Se as sodium selenite) or selenium enriched yeast (0.30 mg/kg and 0.45 mg/kg Se as Se-yeast).
animal, 2008
The objective was to determine the concentration of total selenium (Se) and the proportion of total Se comprised as selenomethionine (SeMet) and selenocysteine (SeCys) in post mortem tissues of lambs in the 6 weeks period following the withdrawal of a diet containing high-dose selenised yeast (HSY), derived from a specific strain of Saccharomyces cerevisae CNCM (Collection Nationale de Culture de Microorganism) I-3060. Thirty Texel 3 Suffolk lambs used in this study had previously received diets (91 days) containing either HSY (6.30 mg Se per kg dry matter (DM)) or an unsupplemented control (C; 0.13 mg Se per kg DM). Following the period of supplementation, all lambs were then offered a complete pelleted diet, without additional Se (0.15 mg Se per kg DM), for 42 days. At enrolment and 21 and 42 days later, five lambs from each treatment were blood sampled, euthanased and samples of heart, liver, kidney and skeletal muscle (longissimus dorsi and psoas major) tissue were retained. Total Se concentration in whole blood and tissues was significantly (P , 0.001) higher in HSY lambs at all time points that had previously received long-term exposure to high dietary concentrations of SY. The distribution of total Se and the proportions of total Se comprised as SeMet and SeCys differed between tissues, treatment and time points. Total Se was greatest in HSY liver and kidney (22.64 and 18.96 mg Se per kg DM, respectively) and SeCys comprised the greatest proportion of total Se. Conversely, cardiac and skeletal muscle (longissimus dorsi and psoas major) tissues had lower total Se concentration (10.80, 7.02 and 7.82 mg Se per kg DM, respectively) and SeMet was the predominant selenised amino acid. Rates of Se clearance in HSY liver (307 mg Se per day) and kidney (238 mg Se per day) were higher compared with HSY cardiac tissue (120 mg Se per day) and skeletal muscle (20 mg Se per day). In conclusion, differences in Se clearance rates were different between tissue types, reflecting the relative metabolic activity of each tissue, and appear to be dependent on the proportions of total Se comprised as either SeMet or SeCys.
Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2015
The aim of this study was to assess how dietary supplementation of organic selenium affected carcass and meat quality, tissue selenium content and glutathione peroxidase activity in ducks. The study was performed on 240 one-day old ducklings of the same origin (Cherry Valley hybrid), during a 49-day period, that were fed diets supplemented with four different levels of selenium yeast (ALKOSEL ® R397): groups with 0 mg/kg, 0.2 mg/kg, 0.4 mg/kg and 0.6 mg/kg added Se. Live weight, carcass characteristics, meat quality characteristics, chemical composition of meat, selenium content in plasma, feces, liver and meat, as well as plasma glutathione peroxidase activity were determined. Animals fed high Se diets (0.4 mg/kg) had higher live weight (P < 0.05) compared to those fed diets with inadequate (0 mg/kg) or with supranutritional (0.6 mg/kg) Se levels. Chemical analysis of meat revealed differences in moisture, protein and lipid content among compared groups. Breast meat from the group with the highest dietary Se (0.6 mg/kg) had a higher protein content (P < 0.01) compared to breast meat from groups with 0 mg/kg and 0.2 mg/kg added Se. Se supplementation increased significantly Se levels in plasma, liver and muscles, as well as activity of glutathione peroxidase in plasma.
Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2015
Yeasts and organic minerals are used in diets to improve health, productive performance and some carcass characteristics of ruminants and non-ruminants. Thirty-two lambs (Pelibuey×Katahdin; BW=(30.55±1.67) kg; n=8) were used in a 56-d feeding experiment to study the effects of different levels of live yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae; yeast), selenium (Se) and chromium (Cr) mixed (Se-Cr), and a mixture of yeast-Se-Cr on growth performance and carcass traits. Animals were stratified by body weight (BW) and randomly assigned to one of four treatments: 1) control group (0.0 g kg -1 yeast); 2) yeast (1.50 g kg -1 dry matter intake (DMI) d -1 ); 3) Se-Cr premix (1.5 mg kg -1 DMI d -1 for each mineral); and 4) yeast-Se-Cr mixture. There were no treatment effects on final BW; whereas lambs fed Se-Cr or yeast-Se-Cr had higher (P<0.05) DMI than animals supplemented with only yeast. Average daily gain (ADG), gain:feed ratio, chop area, dorsal fat and carcass yield were similar (P>0.05) among treatment groups. In conclusion, supplementation with yeast, Se-Cr mixed or yeast-Se-Cr did not improve ADG, final BW, back fat content and carcass yield of growing of Pelibuey×Katahdin lambs. Supplementation with Se-Cr and yeast-Se-Cr increased DMI, and approximately 250 g ADG animal -1 d -1 was produced with no negative effects on growth and health of the animals.
Indian Journal of Veterinary Research, 2015
An experiment was conducted on 24 male goats (average body weight 6.80±0.20 kg) to elucidate the effect of supplemental selenium yeast and/or vitamin E on their meat quality. Group I served as control (without any supplementation), groups II, III and IV were supplemented with 0.3 mg Se as Se yeast, 100 mg of DL-α-tocopheryl acetate, and both 0.3 mg Se as Se yeast and 100 mg DL-α-tocopheryl acetate respectively. Animals were fed on concentrate mixture and oat straw to meet their nutrient requirements. Feeding continued for 180 days. Immediately after sacrificing the animals, carcass samples were collected to study the meat quality. Chemical composition of muscle sample of carcass showed nonsignificant differences between the groups for moisture, crude protein, total ash and ether extract. pH and sensory characteristics like appearance, flavor, juiciness and overall acceptability did not differ among all the groups. However, shear force values and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances decreased from group I to IV. Lovibond tintometer color units for red and tenderness value showed increased trend in all the supplemented groups. It may be concluded that supplementation of 0.3 mg Se as selenium yeast and 100 IU of vitamin E/animal/day increased the redness and tenderness of meat and reduced the shear force value and TBA concentration in meat.