The Vocalist in the Crib: the Flexibility of Respiratory Behaviour During Crying in Healthy Neonates (original) (raw)
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Airway pressures during crying in healthy infants
Pediatric Pulmonology, 1989
Maximal inspiratory and expiratory airway pressures (PI max and PE rnax) were measured in 100 healthy infants (51 males, 49 females; age range, 0.06-3.76 years) by occluding the airway with a suitable face mask during a crying effort. Mean values f SD for PI rnax and PE max were 118 f 21 crn H20 and 125 f 35 cm H20, respectively. Maximal inspiratory pressure was independent of age, sex, and anthropometrics, while maximal expiratory pressure showed a low but statistically significant positive correlation with body weight (P < 0,001). Pediatr Pulrnonol 1989; 6:14-18.
Acoustic measures of the cry characteristics of healthy newborns and newborns with pathologies
Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering, 2013
Several hypotheses have been formulated as a result of observing spectrograms of the audio signals of the newborn infant cry in numerous studies. Our study is based on a few of these hypotheses. The purpose of this article is to differentiate pathological crying from healthy crying through acoustic cry analysis based on neurophysiological parameters of newborns. The automatic estimation of the characteristics of relevant cry signals, such as phonation, hyperphonation, and dysphonation, expressed as percentages, as well as unvoiced sound and mode change percentages, have enabled us to distinguish among the pathologies selected for this study. The results obtained have helped us to make quantitative associations between cry characteristics and pathological conditions affecting newborns.
Inspiratory Phonation in Baby Voice
Journal of voice : official journal of the Voice Foundation, 2017
This study aimed to evaluate the developmental occurrence of inspiratory phonations (IPs) in the spontaneous cries of healthy infants across the first 10 weeks of life. This is a populational retrospective study. The spontaneous crying of 17 healthy infants (10 were male) was retrospectively investigated. Sound files of spontaneously uttered cries that were repeatedly recorded once per week for across the first 10 weeks of life were retrospectively analyzed. Frequency spectra and waveforms were used to identify the occurrence of IPs and to measure the duration and fundamental frequency (fo) of each instance of IP. A consistent number of IPs were identified across the 10-week period. All infants were observed to produce IPs in their spontaneous cries, although the frequency of occurrence was not consistent across infants. A marked sex difference was observed with female infants producing a higher number of IPs compared to males. The duration and fo of IPs did not differ significantly...
Assessment of infant cry variability in high-risk infants
International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, 1989
Two studies were conducted to determine the relationship between variability in acoustic features of the infant cry and medical risk factors. In study 1, 3 groups of preterm infants (healthy, sick and CNS pathology) were compared with term infants at 40 weeks gestational age. The cry was analyzed by computer. The coefficient of variability of cry amplitude and the formant feature:; of the cry differed among the groups of preterm infants. In study 2, 3 groups of tern infants at low, moderate and high levels of hyperbilirubinemia were compared on the cry measures. More variability in the formant features of the cry was found in infants with higher levels of bilirubin. The correlation between the coefficient of l:mation in the cry formants and level of bilirubin was statistically significant. These two studies suggest that variability in the acoustic features of the cry relate to the medical status of the infant and may provide a measure of neurophysiological integrity.
Frequential Characterization of Healthy and Pathologic Newborns Cries
American Journal of Biomedical Engineering, 2013
In this paper, we present recent developments in the characterizat ion of healthy and pathologic cries of newborns. We have identified and quantified acoustic characteristics that appear the most relevant in differentiating between pathological and healthy cries; such as fundamental frequency (F0), irregularity of F0 and presence of hyper-phonic modes. The results obtained are very encouraging, since the characteristics measured actually differentiate pathological cries fro m the cries of healthy babies.
This study investigated whether lower vagal function in preterm infants is associated with increased fundamental frequency (F 0 ; frequency of vocal fold vibration) of their spontaneous cries. We assessed respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) during quiet sleep as a measure of vagal function, and its relationship with the F 0 of spontaneous cries in healthy preterm and term infants at term-equivalent age. The results showed that preterm infants have significantly lower RSA, and higher overall F 0 than term infants. Moreover, lower RSA was associated with higher overall F 0 in preterm infants, whereas higher RSA was positively associated with mean and maximum F 0 , and a larger F 0 range in term infants. These results suggest that individual differences in vagal function may be associated with the F 0 of spontaneous cries via modulation of vocal fold tension in infants at an early developmental stage. ß 2016 The Authors. Developmental Psychobiology Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 9999: 1–10, 2016.
Acoustic estimates of respiration in the pain cries of newborns
International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, 2011
Respiration is typically measured on the basis of chest wall kinematics (e.g., impedance pneumography, inductive plethysmography) and auscultation (i.e., stethoscope). Respiratory rate is calculated on the number of respiratory cycles (i.e., breaths) min À1 (bpm) . A respiratory cycle consists of one inspiratory and one expiratory phase. During quiet awake breathing, the inspiratory and expiratory phases of the respiratory cycle are relatively equal . The time it takes to inhale is about as long as it takes to exhale. According to Sherwood [10], adults average between 12 bpm and 20 bpm, older children average between 16 bpm and 25 bpm, and preschool children average between 20 bpm and 30 bpm. The quiet breathing rate for infants during the first 3 months of life is consistently within the range of 40-48 bpm .
Acoustic quality of cry in very-low-birth-weight infants at the age of 1 1/2 years
Early Human Development, 2007
Background: Infant cry characteristics reflect the integrity of the central nervous system. Previous studies have shown that preterm infants and infants with neurological conditions have different cry characteristics such as fundamental frequency compared to healthy full-term infants. Cry characteristics of preterm infants after the first year of life have not been studied. Aims: The aim of this study was to assess the quality of cry in 1 1/2-year-old very-low-birthweight infants (VLBWI, V 1500 g at birth). Study subjects and design: Study groups included 21 VLBWI and 25 healthy full-term controls. Thirty seconds of pain cry after vaccination was recorded at well-baby clinics. The first cry utterance was acoustically analyzed using Praat software. The quality of cry was compared between the groups. In addition, the association of cry quality to patient characteristics, to developmental outcome, and to findings in brain imaging studies of the VLBWI was studied. Results: The cry response was elicited in 20 of the 21 VLBWI and in 20 out of 25 full-term infants. VLBWI had higher minimum fundamental frequency and fourth formant values. Patient characteristics that were associated with cry quality were 5-min Apgar scores, the occurrence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, Bayley Psychomotor Index scores at 12 months, and current weight and head circumference.
Acoustic features of normal-hearing pre-term infant cry
International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, 1995
Acoustic features of expiratory cry'vocalizations were studied in 125 pre-term infants prior to being discharged from a level-3 neonatal intensive care unit. The purpose was to describe various phonatory behaviors in infants in whom significant hearing loss could be ruled out. We also compared these results with normal-hearing full-term infants, and evaluated whether linkage exists among acoustic cry features and various anthropometric, diagnostic and treatment variables obtained throughout the peri-and neonatal periods. Our analysis revealed that cry duration was significantly related to total days receiving respiratory assistance. The occurrence of other complex spectral and temporal aspects of acoustic cry vocalizations including harmonic doubling and vibrato also increased in infants receiving some form of respiratory assistance. The presence of harmonic doubling also depended on weight and conceptional age at test. The discussion focuses on the implication of these relationships and directions for future research.