Agent-Based Simulation for Evaluating the Effect of Different Walking and Driving Speed on Disaster Evacuation in Aceh (original) (raw)
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MATEC Web of Conferences, 2017
The most significant measure in reducing tsunami disaster is an early evacuation. The aim of this study is to developments a dynamic evacuation model with using simulation of Agent-Based Modeling and Simulation (ABMS). The Shelter Plan Analysis is also conducted in this study to establish applicable evacuation places. All analysis in this study based on a geographic information system (GIS) data such as shelter location, evacuation networks, housing and other information. The shelter plan analysis is the methods to evaluate an applicable shelter. The important variable in this analysis is nearest accessibility based on the existing road from the residential area to the evacuation building. In order to set input data for this analysis, we conducted a questionnaire survey to the local people in Pacitan, which is a typical populated coastal city in Indonesia, located in East Java province. The agent-based model is according to multi criteria decision making (MCDM) for internal and external factor. The concept of MCDM was used to develop a weighted suitability decision matrix in a simulation's model. We also conducted the field survey in this city, especially focused on the condition of evacuation shelters and evacuation networks, in order to evaluate the shelter plan on GIS as well as to conduct the simulation of the agent-based model.
Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. A2 (Applied Mechanics (AM)), 2014
An agent based model, which includes detailed model of the environment and agents with functionalities to interact with it, is developed for simulating large area evacuations. This model makes it possible to quantitatively estimate the effects of various important factors, like interaction with environment and neighbor agents in low lighting conditions, vehicle-pedestrian interaction in narrow roads, etc., which cannot be modeled with the existing models. The evacuation simulator is coupled with an integrated earthquake simulator to take the earthquake damages into account. To demonstrate the potential of the model, several scenarios, which require detailed modeling of the environment, are presented.
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countermeasures were destroyed by the tsunami, “evacuation procedures ” remains as the most important and effective method to save human lives. In this paper, an agent based model of tsunami evacuation integrated with the tsunami simulation is presented. In the model, GIS capability for inputs allows its application in different areas; GUI interaction makes it suitable even for non-experts usage as part of educational programs, and the microscale simulation permits to track individuals ’ evacuation. The model was applied to Arahama’s evacuation as a case study. Arahama is a town located near the coastline of Sendai city, around 300 people were killed here by the tsunami, and some others had saved due to a fast evacuation decision to the inland or high reinforce concrete buildings in the area.
After the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake of magnitude 9.0(Mw) where most of the structural countermeasures were destroyed by the tsunami, "evacuation procedures" remains as the most important and effective method to save human lives. In this paper, an agent based model of tsunami evacuation integrated with the tsunami simulation is presented. In the model, GIS capability for inputs allows its application in different areas; GUI interaction makes it suitable even for non-experts usage as part of educational programs, and the microscale simulation permits to track individuals' evacuation. The model was applied to Arahama's evacuation as a case study. Arahama is a town located near the coastline of Sendai city, around 300 people were killed here by the tsunami, and some others had saved due to a fast evacuation decision to the inland or high reinforce concrete buildings in the area.
Our research group has developed the Crowd Behavior Simulator for Disaster Evacuation (CBS-DE), which is based on the Distinct Element Method (DEM). The capability of this simulator in tracking the individual behavior from a viewpoint of microscopic dynamics of crowd behavior has been evident in the previous studies. In this research a switching algorithm is introduced into the CBS-DE which defines a change of moving direction of the persons by considering space capacity. The newly developed model is validated by means of sensitivity analysis where a few parameters are scaled. Moreover, numerical simulation of evacuation processes due to tsunami at the Langkawi International Airport (the LIA), Malaysia are performed by employing the CBS-DE with switching model. Different conjectural scenarios of evacuation by including change of moving direction are considered. The importance to designate the appropriate evacuation area is found from the perspective of the completion time of evacuation process.
Application of Agent-Based Model for Evaluating Tsunami Evacuation Plan in Local Fishing Village
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Japan is a country which has many steep slopes along rivers. Therefore, the disasters due to landslide and mud flood have often occurred in mountainous urbanized areas. In rainy or typhoon season much rain triggers such disasters because of unusual rainfall. In these years those disasters have been increased in not only mountainous areas but also the housing area developed in the fringe of urban region newly. On the other hand, some of the nursing homes for aging people located in such disaster estimated areas. The people have also fallen victim to landslide disasters. So it has been important for a local government to build a comprehensive evacuation program of a large natural disaster. In this program, it is substantial to give appropriate information on human behavior for the evacuating time. In this study a new methodology based on behavior-oriented agent system should be discussed to develop. The production roles of the attributive groups were built in terms of the questionnair...
Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture, 2019
Regional cities in Japan are at the risk of experiencing big fire accidents or earthquakes every day. However, neither the number nor the capacity of shelters has increased because local governments might not consider them owing to budget shortfall. By contrast, wide-area evacuation simulations can easily provide an antagonizing image of regional urban disasters. After a disaster, the city collapses and the evacuation routes are closed; consequently, evacuees feel anxious and they cannot move as usual. This anxiety behavior has not been considered in previous related studies and simulations. In this study, a wide-area evacuation simulation is developed; this model can not only calculate the possibility of blocking escape routes when the city is broken but also provide safe and more realistic evacuation plans before a disaster occurs by incorporating into the simulation the risk avoidance behaviors of evacuees from road blockage, such as "the route re-seeking behavior" and "the shelter re-selecting behavior".
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In this paper an approach using agents for handling the emergency route simulation is presented. It takes into account the problem of uncharacteristic actions of an unsettled group of people in case of heavy stress given by a local disaster. The algorithm is an extension of the Boids simulation method with additional rules to better accommodate the human crowd evacuation behavior.