Updates in biomaterials of bearing surfaces in total hip arthroplasty (original) (raw)
Related papers
Composites Part B: Engineering, 2015
Wear of total hip prosthesis is a significant clinical problem that nowadays involves a growing number of patients. To acquire further knowledge on the tribological phenomena that involve hip prosthesis, wear tests are conducted on new biomaterials to increase materials life in orthopaedic implants. Advances in biomaterials for biomedical purposes have enhanced in the last years evolving in new improved ceramic and polymeric materials producing the so-called composite materials.
Outcome analysis of various bearing surface materials used in total hip replacement
Materials Express, 2020
Since the first total hip replacement (THR) in 1938 by Philip Wiles, prosthesis materials and THR surgical technologies have developed rapidly. In this review, we use internationally-published research to synthesize a comprehensive analysis of the specific characteristics and clinical outcomes of different bearing surfaces used in THR. Polyethylene, metallic alloys, and ceramic have become the three most commonly used hip prosthesis bearing surfaces after decades of hip implant development. Different bearing surface types have varying characteristics that offer specific benefits and risks of complication. A thorough understanding of the unique properties and possible complications of each type of bearing surface is critical to surgeons tasked with selecting appropriate implant materials for total hip replacement.
Current and future biocompatibility aspects of biomaterials for hip prosthesis
AIMS bioengineering, 2015
The field of biomaterials has turn into an electrifying area because these materials improve the quality and longevity of human life. The first and foremost necessity for the selection of the biomaterial is the acceptability by human body. However, the materials used in hip implants are designed to sustain the load bearing function of human bones for the start of the patient's life. The most common classes of biomaterials used are metals, polymers, ceramics, composites and apatite. These five classes are used individually or in combination with other materials to form most of the implantation devices in recent years. Numerous current and promising new biomaterials i.e. metallic, ceramic, polymeric and composite are discussed to highlight their merits and their frailties in terms of mechanical and metallurgical properties in this review. It is concluded that current materials have their confines and there is a need for more refined multi-functional materials to be developed in order to match the biocompatibility, metallurgical and mechanical complexity of the hip prosthesis.
Progress in Wear Resistant Materials for Total Hip Arthroplasty
Current trends in total hip arthroplasty (THA) are to develop novel artificial hip joints with high wear resistance and mechanical reliability with a potential to last for at least 25–30 years for both young and old active patients. Currently used artificial hip joints are mainly composed of femoral head of monolithic alumina or alumina-zirconia composites articulating against cross-linked polyethylene liner of acetabular cup or Co-Cr alloy in a self-mated configuration. However, the possibility of fracture of ceramics or its composites, PE wear debris-induced osteolysis, and hypersensitivity issue due to metal ion release cannot be eliminated. In some cases, thin ultra-hard diamond-based, TiN coatings on Ti-6A-4V or thin zirconia layer on the Zr-Nb alloy have been fabricated to develop high wear resistant bearing surfaces. However, these coatings showed poor adhesion in tribological testing. To provide high wear resistance and mechanical reliability to femoral head, a new kind of ceramic/metal artificial hip joint hybrid was recently proposed in which 10–15 µm thick dense layer of pure α-alumina was formed onto Ti-6Al-4V alloy by deposition of Al metal layer by cold spraying or cold metal transfer methods with 1–2 µm thick Al 3 Ti reaction layer formed at their interface to improve adhesion. An optimal micro-arc oxidation treatment transformed Al to dense α-alumina layer, which showed high Vickers hardness 1900 HV and good adhesion to the substrate. Further tribological and cytotoxicity analyses of these hybrids will determine their efficacy for potential use in THA.
Current concepts review New bearing surfaces and interface options in hip arthroplasty
Indian Journal of Orthopaedics
The techniques of fixation of implants used in total hip arthroplasty and the factors governing their longevity have been a subject of controversy and discussion over the last few decades. The results of long term follow ups of cemented implants and the mid-term results of uncemented devices have brought into focus the factors that cause a total hip replacement to fail. Fracture, wear and corrosion serve as primary causes.1 It is not possible however to predict the time course of these failures. Judicious design and implementation of prostheses can serve to extend the functional life of a joint even with ongoing wear and corrosion. With the population undergoing arthroplasty becoming younger, orthopaedic research has to focus on newer bearing alternatives and fixation options to provide a durable and longer lasting hip arthroplasty.
Implant materials for knee and hip joint replacement: A review from the tribological perspective
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
The hip and knee joints work under boundary/mixed lubrication during sleep and rest which causes starved lubrication by the natural lubricant synovial fluid and with the passage of time leads to arthritis resulting from the wear of joints due to starved lubrication. The excessive wear leads to loosening of joint needing total joint replacement. The current materials used in total knee replacement and total hip replacement are presented in this paper. Biomedical implants are gaining increasing attention nowadays to improve the working lifespan of joint replacements like hip and knee. Researchers are focussing on developing biocompatible materials with improved wear resistance for joint replacements. Various biocompatible metals and polymers have been used for knee & hip joints which are discussed in this paper. The investigations on self-lubricating biocompatible coatings on metals and alloys are the current focus of research. In this paper, a broad review of the materials used for t...
A study of Wear and frictional behavior of metals and polymers in Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Review
2014
Wear is recognized as the most important limitation to long term stability of Hip devices. Wear occurs when two surfaces in contact are subjected to a relative motion. The advancement in biotechnology has successfully converted the conventional bearing couples into artificial joints, however the materials used today have not been satisfactory. Problems such as osteolysis and aseptic loosening lead to failure of artificial joints. This paper will review the various ways of increasing the lifespan of the joints and improving current biomechanical understanding of failure modalities in Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA)
Alternative bearing surfaces: alumina ceramic bearings for total hip arthroplasty
Instructional course lectures, 2005
Osteolysis resulting from polyethylene wear debris is one of the most common causes of implant failure in young, active individuals who undergo total hip arthroplasty. Reducing wear may help extend the life of the implant in these patients. Contemporary alumina ceramic/alumina ceramic bearing articulations are harder, scratch resistant, and more hydrophilic than other bearing couples, resulting in reduced wear and reduction of particle load to the surrounding tissue. Therefore, bearings made of alumina ceramic may be a preferable bearing choice for younger, more active patients. To investigate this hypothesis, 495 patients (514 hips), average age 53 years, were enrolled in a prospective, randomized, multicenter study comparing an alumina-on-alumina ceramic bearing to a cobalt-chromium-on-polyethylene bearing control. At an average of 4 years after implantation, no difference in clinical outcome was observed between groups. There were no fractures of the ceramic head or liner, nor we...