Urban Land Grabbing and its Implications to Urban Development, (7055) (original) (raw)
Related papers
SUMMARY Land grabbing is a term that most investors find distasteful while to the general public it could be an eye opener to the future of the land that they might be occupying. To the urban planner, it may connote inefficiency and lamed administrative machinery that has permitted greed over land. Whatever land grabbing submits itself to be, its main concern is built on the premise of holding land for the future which may be translated to speculating on land either for economic or social-status gain. Land grabbing in urban areas may be explained from the observed multitude of undeveloped land parcels in urban Tanzania amidst a cry for shortage of land for development. This paradoxical urban reality has been considered differently by scholars, those advocating horizontal expansion of cities tolerate it and subscribe to more urbanization of the peri-urban areas; while there are those that consider viable urban expansion as that which takes cognizance of intensification of all available lands before venturing out to the periphery. Urban Tanzania is fast growing and in some cities at an alarming rate of over 6.5% per annum. This has bred land pressure for housing development on one hand, but on the other provided opportunities for large scale investments in form of schools, hospitals, retail properties and hospitality industries. With escalating land prices in urban areas, individuals are taking up lands in the peri-urban areas and in some instances from land occupiers with little exposure on the latent value that sits in the land to be sold to the land seekers. With use of five carefully selected cases, this study illustrates how urban land grabbing has given cause to land conflicts thereby impairing smooth urban development. The paper demonstrates how rigid form of land registration has bred loop holes in land use planning and tenure almost crippling and ridiculing the land administration system and made the work of professional town planners less significant to the public. Urban Land Grabbing and its Implications to Urban Development, (7055) Komu Felician (Tanzania)
Land policy options for urban Tanzania
Land Use Policy, 1997
This paper discusses land problems in urban Tanzania which, have manifested themselves in recent years as: shortage of planned plots; slow development of planned allocated land; rundown or complete lack of infrastructure in planned neighbourhoods; inequitability, partiality and institutional m616e in land administration; torpid bureaucracy in all levels of land development processes; the proliferation of unplanned areas; and the commoditization of land. Policy options are outlined as simplification and decentralization of land administration, effective cost/value recovery with cross-subsidies where necessary, public participation, and recognition of, and working with, the informal land delivery systems.
Dynamics of land for urban housing in Tanzania
Journal of Public Administration and …, 2010
With increased movement of population in search for better settlement and employment, more people tend to be concentrated in urban areas. This article identifies the dynamics of land for urban housing in Tanzania with specific reference to Songea municipality. The article remarks on one hand, weaknesses in the existing institutional framework for urban planning and delivery of land services, unnecessary prolonged procedure and actors in the process with overlapping authorities, roles and lines of accountabilities has been identified as contributing factors to such dynamics, on the other hand, lack of technical capacity, limited financial resources embedded with cumbersome procedures in the whole process of preparation and approval of detailed plans as prepared by land experts has been a catalyst for the low capacity of the municipality in allocating land for housing development to the developers. With the increasing influx of population towards town and cities, land grabbing, institutions need to be reformed to take into account the rapid population dynamics within the society. Municipalities need to be empowered with both technical and financial capacity to facilitate in provision of effective and efficiency services of providing land for housing.
Urban Expansion and Compulsory Land Acquisition in Dodoma National Capital, Tanzania
2016
The shifting of national capitals from old cities to new sites was fashionable from the 1956 to 1990s. While in the past this move was politically motivated, in the later decades this shift has been motivated by economic and innovation attributes to establish centres for building states and national identity. Tanzania declared its intention of shifting the national capital from Dar es Salaam to Dodoma in 1973. This declaration and the recent establishment of large institutions in Dodoma fuelled its expansion from a small town of about 45,000 people in 1973 to 410,956 people in 2012. This expansion culminated into increased demand for land for various urban functions. The Capital Development Authority has been deploying compulsory land acquisition as guided by the Land Acquisition Laws. However, the land acquisition processes have been marred by resistance from local communities on account of not being fair, prompt, participatory and at times, not following the land acquisition laws....
Habitat International, 2005
This paper examines recent trends in land use transformation taking place in the peri-urban areas of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. It demonstrates that urbanisation in poverty is the key factor underpinning and catalysing changes in land use, land transactions, increased rural-urban immigration and the overall transformation of land use in the peri-urban areas. Unregulated peri-urban land development has given rise to complex organic urban structures which predominantly expanding horizontally. The emerging land use pattern, by and large, indicates a mismatch with the widely cherished planning norms and standards and land value theories which, underpin urban land use planning instruments such as zoning and density distribution and principles like equitable provision of basic services and complimentarity in urban land development. It is argued that for an unforeseeable future, organic urban growth is likely to remain an indispensable reality depicting urban land development in resource starved situations such as Tanzania because of the severe resource constraints facing local and central governments, the nature of the subsisting land tenure structure in most peri-urban areas, poor national economic performance and looming poverty in rural and urban areas. Therefore, planners and policy makers have little choice but to ensconce and consolidate the emerging form. Decentralised land management anchored on the subsisting local government administrative structures, introduction of user-friendly and pro-poor land regularisation systems, and embarking on land banking by local authorities are some of the key and immediate policy action areas of concern.
Land acquisition for urban expansion
2011
Cities are growing in terms of economic activities, space and population thus over spilling in peri urban areas. Low population densities and land values have made the peri urban areas the target for land acquisition to accommodate planned expansion processes. In Tanzania, the Government initiated the 20,000 Plots Project in 2002 to among others, address critical shortage of planned and surveyed plots in the city and check proliferation of informal settlements. The Project was implemented in 12 areas in the City of Dar es Salaam, one of them being Wazo-Mivumoni. This study explored the processes and impacts of land acquisition on the livelihoods of peri urban households. It also built an understanding of peri urban areas in the Tanzanian context and further contextualized peri urban livelihoods in Wazo-Mivumoni. Data was collected through official, households and key informants interviews, likewise documentary review. An overarching understanding was drawn from the National Constitution (1977) that provides for the right of residents to own properties, the right to protection of their properties and payment of fair and adequate compensation subject to lawfully acquisition. Residents participation and awareness creation during and after implementation is seen as paramount considerations for successful interventions. Others include establishment of a land cadastre to realise effective and efficient land administration system, establishment of a neutral body to verify valuation reports as well as provision of alternative plots as a measure to restore affected households to same condition as prior to acquisition.
Access to land by the urban poor in Tanzania: some findings from Dar es Salaam
Environment and Urbanization, 1995
The paper begins with an analysis of urban land policy in Tanzania, drawing the distinction between planned and unplanned areas. After a consideration of poverty in Tanzania and a brief historical review of urban land allocation, the paper reports on a study carried out in Dar es Salaam in 1993 to better understand the relationship between poverty, housing and access to land.
Environment and Urbanization
This article contrasts gentrification and related processes of displacement across two of Tanzania’s fastest-growing cities. Some groups are particularly vulnerable to gentrification, with smallholder farmers particularly vulnerable on the periphery, and tenants particularly vulnerable near the centre. In the cities’ newly urbanizing peripheries, many of the longest-standing residents from farming families sell their land to upwardly mobile newcomers moving out from the city centre. In inner-city informal settlements, populations have become far denser and tenants outnumber owners, whilst developers and other large formal-sector land users are potentially interested in securing the land for upmarket residential or non-residential uses. Bringing the planning system and the informal settlements into better alignment is important, but regularization efforts can unnecessarily amplify the risks of exclusionary gentrification. While better-organized communities should be able to mitigate ...
2021
The governance of land access is recognised as vital for peri-urban growth and development in the Global South Cities because it is important for accommodating urban expansion. Peri-urban areas attract multiple actors with diverging and conflicting interests and needs, contributing to land access dynamics and contentions. However, the dynamic and contentious nature of peri-urban land access processes and governance mechanisms has yet to be understood. This thesis aims to conceptualise the dynamic and contentious nature of land access processes and governance mechanisms in peri-urban areas of Global South cities by providing a theoretical understanding of the phenomenon. Dar es Salaam was used as a case study, and embedded mixed methods were employed. Grounded on the new institutionalisms and social network theories, this research concurs that marketisation and commodification of land, increased population and rapid urbanisation contribute to land access and governance challenges. Fi...