Extracts from Frangula alnus Mill. and Their Effects on Environmental and Probiotic Bacteria (original) (raw)
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In the present study, the antibacterial activity of Cornus macrophylla was examined. Organic solvent extracts of leaves were prepared using methanol, n-hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate. Antibacterial activity was examined by using a 100 mg/mL extract concentration. Penicillin was kept as a positive control while dimethyl sulfoxide was taken as a negative control. Methanolic extract exhibited a 21.5, 36.3, 25.3, and 23.7 mm inhibition zone diameter (IZD); n-hexane showed a 33, 40, 32.8, and 28.7 mm IZD; chloroform showed a 18.8, 29, 22.3, and 21.6 mm IZD; and ethyl acetate showed a 23.5, 30.2, 30, and 22.3 mm IZD against Erwinia carotovora, Pseudomonas syringae, Ralstonia solanacearum, and Xanthomonas axonopodis, respectively. The n-hexane extract revealed high antibacterial activity against all bacterial species as compared with methanolic, chloroform, and ethyl acetate extract. Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis of n-hexane extract depicted the presence of 55 compounds. Out of these compounds, one compound, identified as α-amyrin (Mol. wt = 426), exhibited the maximum peak area (32.64%), followed by A'-Neogammacer-22(29)-en-3-ol, acetate, (3.beta.,21.beta.)-(Mol. wt = 468) and β-amyrin (Mol. wt = 426) having peak areas of 25.97 and 6.77%, respectively. It was concluded that the antibacterial activity observed during the present investigation may be due to these compounds.
International journal of molecular sciences, 2017
Probiotics are bacteria that can provide health benefits to consumers and are suitable to be added to a variety of foods. In this research, viability of immobilizedin alginate with or without sea buckthorn lipid extract were studied during heat treatment and with an in vitro gastrointestinal model. The characterization of the lipid extract was also done using the UV-Vis spectrometry (UV-Vis), high-performance liquid chromatography photodiode array detection method (HPLC-PDA), gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GS-MS) and Cryo scanning electron microscopy (Cryo-SEM). During heat treatment, the entrapped probiotic cells proved high viability (>6 CFU log/g), even at temperatures above 50 °C. The rich in monounsaturated fatty acids sea buckthorn fraction improved the in vitro digestion passage regarding the probiotic viability. The survival of the probiotic cells was 15% higher after 2 h in the acidic medium of the simulated gastric fluid in the sample wherewas encaps...
Journal of health and rehabilitation research, 2024
Background: T Natural products have long been the focus of researchers aiming to improve human health, develop medicines with minimal adverse effects, and extend human lifespans. These products, derived from plants, animals, marine life, and microorganisms, contain secondary metabolites known as phytochemicals, which exhibit various biological activities. The current investigation aimed to assess the phytochemical properties and antimicrobial potential of Cenchrus ciliaris Linn. (CAZRI-358) against significant human pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Objective: The objective of this study was to conduct a phytochemical analysis and evaluate the inhibitory potential of crude alcoholic extracts of Cenchrus ciliaris Linn. against six important human pathogenic bacteria and three fungal strains. Methods: The plant material of Cenchrus ciliaris was shade-dried, crushed into powder, and successively extracted with methanol (CCWPM), hexane (CCWPH), and chloroform (CCWPC) using Soxhlet extraction. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts was assessed using both disc diffusion and serial dilution methods. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and zone of inhibition (IZ) were calculated. The bacterial strains tested included Shigella sonnei, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli (Gramnegative), Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Bacillus subtilis (Gram-positive). The fungal strains tested included Microsporum canis, Aspergillus clavatus, and Candida albicans. Standard drugs imipenem (for bacteria) and miconazole (for fungi) were used as positive controls. Results: The highest yield was found in the methanolic extract (41.25 mg/g). Methanolic extracts showed maximum antibacterial activity with MIC values of 90.98 ± 0.05 µg/mL and IZ of 39 mm against Escherichia coli, 92.11 ± 0.06 µg/mL and IZ of 39 mm against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and 95.33 ± 0.06 µg/mL and IZ of 39 mm against Streptococcus pyogenes. The methanolic extract also exhibited significant antifungal activity with an MIC of 91.97 ± 0.03 µg/mL and IZ of 40 mm against Microsporum canis. Other extracts demonstrated notable but lesser antimicrobial activities. Conclusion: Cenchrus ciliaris Linn. contains vital bioactive components with significant antimicrobial properties, particularly in methanolic extracts. These findings suggest its potential in developing treatments for infections, chronic diseases, and conditions like Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH). Further research is needed to isolate specific bioactive compounds and understand their mechanisms of action.
International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology (IJRASET), 2020
In the present study Hypnea valentiae was collected along the shore of Mandapam and was identified and authenticated. To analyse the methanol extract of marine red macro alga species H. valentiae using Gas chromatography-Mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and in vitro antibacterial activity. Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry analysis of seaweed extract injected with instrument GC-MS-QP 2010 [SHIMADZU] and antibacterial activity of human pathogenic bacteria. The methanol extracts of Hypnea valentiae was identified 27 bioactive compounds which were major compound such Hexadecanoic acid-methylester, 13-Docosenamide, (Z) and Eicosane (RT, 21.07, 34.46, 16.51; 29.10%, 10.27%, 10.24%) Cholest-5-en-3-ol, 24-propylidene-, (3á)-, 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z)-, methyl ester (CAS) (RT39.09, 24.38; 9.00%, 8.07%) Hexadecanoicacid (CAS)-Methyl tetradecanoate (RT 21.89, 17.04; 4.74%, 3.30%). In India, seaweeds have been utilized since the ancient times as source of human food, animal feed, fertilizer, as well as herbicides. In conclusion of the appreciable antimicrobial activity and thus have great potential solvent to extract bioactive compounds from the natural sources for current clinical and pharmaceutical importance.
Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj Napoca Animal Science and Biotechnologies, 2013
The research of plant responses against antibiotics and chemical disinfectants is increasingly motivated by natural antimicrobial agents. We investigated hydrophilic extracts of leaves of Persian walnut (Juglans regia) and European Mistletoe (Viscum album) and White willow bark (Salix alba) which were characterized by their content in phenolic derivatives, using a high-throughput technique, HPLC-DAD. The extracts were obtained using 10% dry plant and hot acidulated water (around 85 0 C) and kept for 48 hours then diluted successively (from 2 to 9 times). The antimicrobial activities were tested semi-quantitative ly on agar plates inoculated with E. Coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Bacillus cereus and Salmonella enteritis. The inhibition zones were measured after 24 hours of incubation. Using a liquid nutrient broth growth medium, a quantitative evaluation of antimicrobial effect was done. There were noticed to be significant the growth rates in the first 10 hours, the best inhibitory results being given by Salix alba extract which inhibited all bacteria. Meanwhile, walnut and mistletoe extracts showed different inhibition rates, depending on the bacteria and the extract dilution. The extracts' composition as determined by HPLC was compared with the antimicrobial activity, suggesting that willow extract is the richest in phenolics, especially in phenolic acids (salicylic acid derivatives). This study suggest that Salix alba bark and Juglans regia are available and efficient sources of natural antimicrobials and suggests the possibility of using their hydrophilic extracts as bio-disinfectants in food industry.
BMC Chemistry
Recently, an interest has surged in utilizing indigenous medicinal plants to treat infectious illnesses and extract bioactive substances, highlighting the need to analyze medicinal plants for phytochemicals and bioactivities. The present study was aimed to evaluate the impact of different solvent systems (aqueous, ethanol, and methanol) used for extraction on total phenolics, total flavonoids, antioxidant, and antibacterial activity of three medicinal plants of Azad Kashmir (Achillea millefolium,Bergenia ciliata,andAloe vera). High phenolic content was found in methanol extracts ofB. ciliata(27.48 ± 0.58 mg GAE/g dry weight),A. vera(25.61 ± 0.33 mg GAE/g dry weight), andA. millefolium(24.25 ± 0.67 mg GAE/g dry weight). High flavonoid content was obtained in the ethanol extract ofA. millefolium(27.13 ± 0.64 mg QE/g dry weight), methanol extract ofB. ciliata(17.44 ± 0.44 ± 0.44 mg QE/g dry weight), and the methanol extract ofA. vera(14.68 ± 0.67 mg QE/g dry weight). Strong 2,2-dipheny...