Rosmarinic Acid Content in Antidiabetic Aqueous Extract of Ocimum canum Sims Grown in Ghana (original) (raw)
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Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine, 2019
Background: Diabetes is a metabolic disorder with a highly complex, multifaceted and intricate etiologies and thus may require management options that proffers multimodal mechanism of action. This present study evaluated the antidiabetic and antioxidant potential of the methanolic extract/fractions of leaves of Ocimum canum. Methods: The antidiabetic potential was evaluated and using STZ-induced diabetic Wistar rat model (in vivo) and inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase activity (in vitro). Antioxidant activity was assessed in vitro by free radical scavenging and reducing power assays and in vivo via monitoring SOD and CAT activities; GSH and MDA levels. Results: The total phenolic content (221.0±3.0 mg catechol/g of sample) and tannins (146.0±4.0 mg tannic acid/g of sample) of the crude extract; and flavonoid of the aqueous-methanol fraction (216.0.0±1.0 mg of rutin/g of sample) were found to be significantly higher relative to others. The crude extract and the aqueous-methan...
International Journal of Food Properties
Phytochemical screening assay on crude extracts of Ocimum tenuiflorum L. leaves and methanol fractions was performed in this study. Phytochemical qualitative assay on aqueous crude extract and aqueous fraction did not show any steroid and terpenoid. However, ethanol and butanol fractions also did not show steroid in the screening test. The result of HPLC identification of active crude extracts and active fractions showed the possible bioactive compounds in this plant extracts, which may control diabetes. These findings showed that the active crude extract (methanol) and its active fractions (ethyl acetate, and butanol) showed the presence of polyphenolic active constituents such as 3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid, caffeic acid, diosmetin, luteolin, kaempferol, rosmarinic acid, apigenin, and genistein that control the blood glucose in diabetic rats. Furthermore, isolation of the active components may pave the way for the development of new agents for the treatment of diabetes and its complications.
Proximate, Phytochemicals and Phyto Quantitative Analysis of Ocimum gratissimum
Continental J. Applied Sciences, 2024
Medicinal plants are essential for human health and are a significant aspect of traditional medicine in many developing countries. Among these plants, Ocimum gratissimum Linn. is notable for its multifaceted applications in treating various infections and culinary uses. This study aims to explore the nutritional composition and phytochemical properties of Ocimum gratissimum leaves collected from Gusau, Nigeria. Proximate analysis showed that Ocimum gratissimum is rich in crude protein (26.52%), carbohydrates (21.73%), and crude lipids (16.25%), making it a valuable dietary supplement. Furthermore, the plant exhibited moderate levels of crude fiber (15.06%), ash content (12.98%), and moisture (7.46%), suggesting potential health benefits such as improved digestion and mineral supplementation. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of several bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, and glycosides. These compounds contribute to the therapeutic properties of the plant, such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory effects. The abundance of flavonoids and alkaloids highlights the medicinal potential of Ocimum gratissimum. Quantitative phytochemical analysis revealed significant levels of flavonoids (0.28%) and alkaloids (0.29%) in Ocimum gratissimum. These findings support the plant's pharmacological significance and its potential as a natural source of antioxidants for therapeutic applications. The plant possesses noteworthy nutritional and phytochemical attributes, making it a promising candidate for both culinary use and medicinal purposes. The diverse bioactive compounds of this substance suggest potential health benefits, highlighting the need for further research to fully understand its therapeutic potential.
Toxicity studies on crude leaf extract of Ocimum gratissimum in normoglycaemic and diabetic rats
Research and Reviews: Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicological Studies, 2019
Background: There is a growing interest in the medicinal value of extracts of Ocimum gratissimum plant. However, there is scanty data on the toxicity of extracts of this plant in experimental animals. Objective: This study was aimed at evaluating the safety and the effects on organs of crude leaf extracts of Ocimum gratissimum in normoglycaemic and diabetic rats. Methods: Freshly prepared leaf extracts of Ocimum gratissimum was admininstered on normoglycaemic and neonatal strptozotocine induced diabetic (n-STZ) rats.The animals were observed daily for clinical signs of toxicity throughout the period of study. At the end of the study, the animals were sacrificed after ether anesthesia. The kidneys, liver and a length of intestine were removed and examined for any pathologic changes due to treatment with the extract. Result: At the extract dose of 200mg /Kg body weight, no significant change was observed in all the biochemical parameters evaluated in the two groups following treatment...
Monitoring in vitro phytochemical analysis of some diabetic plants and its utilization
North eastern terai region in Uttar Pradesh, India is known for its rich biological diversity. The most commonly employed species, used for the treatment of diabetes such as Casearia tomentosa Roxb. (root), Cassia fistula Linn. (flowers), Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don (flowers), Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt. (fruits), Dillenia indica Linn. (leaves), Dillenia pentagyna Roxb. (fruits), Ficus benghalensis Linn. (bark), and Momordica charantia Linn. (fruits) were selected for phytochemical ana lysis. The aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of phytochemicals and to determine the ascorbic acid, total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the selected plants. Total phenolic contents obtained were 9.2mg/gm, 9.4mg/gm, 5.8mg/gm, 14.6mg/ gm, 14.8mg/gm, 20.4mg/gm, 12.8mg/gm, and 35.3mg/gm of the extracts, total flavonoid contents obtained were 4.2mg/gm, 18.3mg/gm, 4.4mg/gm, 6mg/gm, 21.4mg/gm, 18mg/gm, 3.1mg/ gm, 14.4mg/gm of the extracts and ascorbic acid content obtained were 8.21g/gm fw, 4.82g/gm fw, 4.42g/gm fw, 5.12g/gm fw, 2.42g/gm fw, 18.21g/gm fw,2.12g/gm fw, 7.41g/gm fw of the extract for the selected plants, respectively. An ethnobotanical field study reveals that the ethnic people have considerable traditional knowledge of these plants and their utilization.
Natural Products Chemistry & Research, 2016
Diabetes mellitus affects more and more people in poor areas of developing countries. The search for an adequate treatment and within the reach of the population has moved us to select the leaves of Ocimum gratissimum. Phytochemical screening was carried out on one hand, detecting major groups of secondary metabolites, on infused 10% aqueous and on the other hand minerals salt in point microanalysis dispersive spectrometry. Toxic test was carried out using white mice CF1 type. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of saponin, sterol and terpenes, alkaloid polyphenols, tannins and flavonoids and especially mucilage. The amounts of total polyphenols and total flavonoids were respectively 11.98 mg EAG/g and 3.99 mg EQ/g of dry extract. The phytochemical screening revealed moisture content of 8.97%, total ash of 8.45%, sulfuric ash of 10.27% and ash insoluble in hydrochloric acid 0.96%. The presence of Cu, Zn, K, Ca and Mg having an important role in glucose metabolism was revealed. The study of acute toxicity showed that the toxic dose could be greater than 3000 mg/kg. Also, the leaves are eaten as human food by some people. The results of the studies indicated that the leaves of Ocimum gratissimum contains minerals and bioactive secondary metabolites that, in combination, may explain their therapeutic uses for treating diabetes mellitus.
International Journal of Basic and Clinical Toxicology, 2022
Background: Medicinal plants have remained the major source of bioactive compounds in folk therapeutic formulations. We conducted a phytochemical profiling of ethanol leaf extract of Ocimum gratissimum grown in Southeast Nigeria and assessed its anti-hyperglycemic potentials on alloxaninduced diabetic rats. Methods: The phytochemical profiling and biochemical assays were determined using standard methods. The in vivo studies involved 24 rats randomly distributed into four groups (n=6) after seven days of acclimatization process. All the rats were allowed free access to water and feeds. Group A received normal saline (normal control), while group B, C and D were intraperitoneally injected with alloxan monohydrate at a dose of 3 ml/kg body weight respectively. Additionally, only group C and D were treated with 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight of ethanol leaf extract of Ocimum gratissimum through oral intubation. Results: The phytochemical profiling revealed that phenols (4725.816±0.00600 mg/100g), flavonoids (2464.195±0.0026 mg/100g), tannin (1566.335±0.0027 mg/100g) and terpenoids (1525.428 ± 00458 mg/100g) occurred in high amounts in the leaf extract. No death was recorded in the acute toxicity test. Additionally, administration of alloxan significantly increased the blood glucose level and activities of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase in the rats, which interestingly were normalized after treatment with the leaf extract of Ocimum gratissimum respectively. Conclusion: Ethanol leaf extract of Ocimum gratissimum has enormous bioactive compounds with strong anti-hyperglycemic potentials, which may found usefulness in further pharmaceutical preparations.