Evaluation of 900 and 1800 Mhz Radiofrequency Radiation Emitted from Mobile Phones on Pregnant Women (original) (raw)
Related papers
The purpose of this study is to investigate foetal impact of radiofrequencies (RFs) emitted from mobile phones in postnatal cord blood. The study carried on 149 pregnant women divided into four groups such as nonusers of mobile phone (n: 37; control group), 2–15 min/d (n: 39; group 1), 15–60 min/d (n: 37; group 2) and participants using mobile phone for more than 60 min/d (n: 36; group 3). Cord blood of the infants was taken in all groups for biochemical analyses immediately after birth. The results of the study showed that the biggest foetal impact was observed in the third study group which was pregnant exposed RFRs (RF radiation) more than 1 h/d (1 hour per day). AST (aspartat aminotransferaz), ALT (alanine aminotransferase), LDH (lactate dehydrogenase), CK (creatine kinase), CK–MB (creatine kinase–miyocardial band), CRP (c-reactive protein), PCT (procalcitonin), TnT (troponin T), uric acid and lactate levels of third group were found higher than the other groups (p < 0.001). However, Mean platelet volume values of third group were found lower than the other groups (p < 0.001). Finally, this is the first human study which was performed on pregnant and infants because there is no previous work in this area. However, the results of this study revealed that long-term RFR exposure of pregnant may result in some biochemical changes in the infants. Therefore, our suggestion to pregnant is to avoid from RFR exposure emitted from mobile phones at least during pregnancy.
Effect of Radiofrequencies Emitted from Mobile Phones and Wi-Fİ on Pregnancy
Wireless communication has become indispensable in our daily life due to the advent of mobile phone technologies. Radio frequencies (RFs) are a main parameter in wireless communication technology in order to provide data (audio, image, etc.) transfer. However, public concern is continuously increasing because of the results of scientific studies on the health effects of RF radiation emitted from these devices. Scientists recently pointed out that the most important risk groups are pregnant women and children. Therefore, the aim of this review is to summarize the animal RF studies performed on both pregnant women and their babies throughout the pregnancy period. The majority of the studies are based on animal studies and suggest that pregnant women, and thereby their babies, can be adversely affected by RF exposure. In conclusion, this review indicated that staying away from RF exposure during the pregnancy would be a wise precaution, at least until a clear scientific result is reached.
Comparison of effects of 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi and mobile phone exposure on human placenta and cord blood
Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment, 2020
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of radiofrequency radiation emitted from Wi-Fi systems and mobile phones on cord blood and placenta. The study included 149 pregnant women who were divided in subgroups: unexposed (control), mobile phone exposed, Wi-Fi exposed and mobile phone plus Wi-Fi exposed groups. Immediately after birth, placenta and cord blood samples were collected and protein carbonyl (PCO), malondialdehyde (MDA), total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status, 8-hydroxy-2 0-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels and DNA single strand breaks were analysed. The results of the study showed an increase in 8-OHdG, MDA, PCO and TOS in cord blood and placenta in the group exposed to mobile phones during gestation. However, the group exposed to Wi-Fi did not show alterations in the studied oxidative stress parameters. On the other hand, tail intensity and tail moment of DNA in the mobile phone exposure groups were higher than those in the control and Wi-Fi exposure groups. In conclusion, the results of this study indicated that mobile phone exposure during pregnancy could have an important potential to cause oxidative stress and DNA damage in cord blood and placenta. The results of this study also indicated that combined effects of Wi-Fi plus mobile phone exposure have a higher potential to cause synergistic harmful effects.
Effects of mobile phone exposure on biochemical parameters of cord blood: A preliminary study
Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine, 2018
The purpose of this study is to investigate foetal impact of radiofrequencies (RFs) emitted from mobile phones in postnatal cord blood. The study carried on 149 pregnant women divided into four groups such as nonusers of mobile phone (n: 37; control group), 2-15 min/d (n: 39; group 1), 15-60 min/d (n: 37; group 2) and participants using mobile phone for more than 60 min/d (n: 36; group 3). Cord blood of the infants was taken in all groups for biochemical analyses immediately after birth. The results of the study showed that the biggest foetal impact was observed in the third study group which was pregnant exposed RFRs (RF radiation) more than 1 h/d (1 hour per day). AST (aspartat aminotransferaz), ALT (alanine aminotransferase), LDH (lactate dehydrogenase), CK (creatine kinase), CK-MB (creatine kinase-miyocardial band), CRP (c-reactive protein), PCT (procalcitonin), TnT (troponin T), uric acid and lactate levels of third group were found higher than the other groups (p < 0.001). However, Mean platelet volume values of third group were found lower than the other groups (p < 0.001). Finally, this is the first human study which was performed on pregnant and infants because there is no previous work in this area. However, the results of this study revealed that long-term RFR exposure of pregnant may result in some biochemical changes in the infants. Therefore, our suggestion to pregnant is to avoid from RFR exposure emitted from mobile phones at least during pregnancy.
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, 2016
Thus far, it is unclear whether exposure to RFR during pregnancy affects health of fetuses and children. Previous studies concerning health effects of RFR exposure on children have examined its effects with regard to cancer [5-8], headache [9], low birth weight [10] and neurodevelopment [11-14]. Results of those studies were controversial: some studies have reported no association [6,7,10-12,15], whereas others have reported adverse effects [5,8,9,13,14]. This dichotomy may result from different study designs used, lack of prospective RFR exposure measurements [5-11,13-15] and the use of questionnaires for exposure assessment [9-15]. As information obtained by the use of questionnaires can be limited by recall bias it is less reliable and valid than information obtained using quantitative measurements [16]. Measurement data obtained from mobile communication base stations hardly reflect index's activity for 24 h, because they estimate the values both from a long distance and only for the surrounding residences. On the other hand, they reflect continuous whole-body exposure values relatively well [16]. Therefore, measurement data obtained using a personal exposure meter (PEM) may be more useful for measuring Abstract Objectives: To evaluate prenatal exposure to radiofrequency radiation (RFR) from telecommunication using a mobile phone questionnaire, operator data logs of mobile phone use and a personal exposure meter (PEM). Material and Methods: The study included 1228 mother-infants pairs from the Mothers and Children's Environmental Health (MOCEH) study-a multicenter prospective cohort study ongoing since 2006, in which participants were enrolled at ≤ 20 weeks of pregnancy, with a follow-up of a child birth and growth to assess the association between prenatal environmental exposure and children's health. The questionnaire included the average calling frequency per day and the average calling time per day. An EME Spy 100 PEM was used to measure RFR among 269 pregnant women from November 2007 to August 2010. The operators' log data were obtained from 21 participants. The Spearman's correlation test was performed to evaluate correlation coefficient and 95% confidence intervals between the mobile phone use information from the questionnaire, operators' log data, and data recorded by the PEM. Results: The operators' log data and information from the self-reported questionnaire showed significantly high correlations in the average calling frequency per day (ρ = 0.6, p = 0.004) and average calling time per day (ρ = 0.5, p = 0.02). The correlation between information on the mobile phone use in the self-reported questionnaire and exposure index recorded by the PEM was poor. But correlation between the information of the operators' log data and exposure index for transmission of mobile communication was significantly high: correlation coefficient (p-value) was 0.44 (0.07) for calling frequency per day, and it was 0.49 (0.04) for calling time per day. Conclusions: The questionnaire information on the mobile phone use showed moderate to high quality. Using multiple methods for exposure assessment might be better than using only one method.
Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine
Radiofrequency radiations (RFRs) emitted by mobile phone base stations have raised concerns on its adverse impact on humans residing in the vicinity of mobile phone base stations. Therefore, the present study was envisaged to evaluate the effect of RFR on the DNA damage and antioxidant status in cultured human peripheral blood lymphocytes (HPBLs) of individuals residing in the vicinity of mobile phone base stations and comparing it with healthy controls. The study groups matched for various demographic data including age, gender, dietary pattern, smoking habit, alcohol consumption, duration of mobile phone use and average daily mobile phone use. The RF power density of the exposed individuals was significantly higher (p < 0.0001) when compared to the control group. The HPBLs were cultured and the DNA damage was assessed by cytokinesis blocked micronucleus (MN) assay in the binucleate lymphocytes. The analyses of data from the exposed group (n = 40), residing within a perimeter of 80 m of mobile base stations, showed significantly (p < 0.0001) higher frequency of micronuclei when compared to the control group, residing 300 m away from the mobile base station/s. The analysis of various antioxidants in the plasma of exposed individuals revealed a significant attrition in glutathione (GSH) concentration (p < 0.01), activities of catalase (CAT) (p < 0.001) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) (p < 0.001) and rise in lipid peroxidation (LOO) when compared to controls. Multiple linear regression analyses revealed a significant association among reduced GSH concentration (p < 0.05), CAT (p < 0.001) and SOD (p < 0.001) activities and elevated MN frequency (p < 0.001) and LOO (p < 0.001) with increasing RF power density.
GSC Advanced Research and Reviews
Increasing use of mobile phones in daily life with increasing adverse effects of electromagnetic radiation cause many concerns about their effects on human health. This study was designed to investigate the effect of exposure to a 900-MHz electromagnetic waves (EMW) produced by mobile phones on nucleic acids (DNA and RNA), protein content, kidney function (levels of urea and creatinine) and oxidative stress (malondialdehyde, MDA level) in rats before, during and after pregnancy periods and their offspring. A total of 32 Wistar albino female rats were divided into 4 equal groups (8 each): 1- unexposed (control group); 2- pre-pregnancy (2 h/d for 21 d) EMW-exposed group; 3- during pregnancy (2 h/d for 21 d) EMW-exposed group; 4- during and after pregnancy (2 h/d for each period) EMW-exposed group. Dams, new born and young rats (40-50 g) of all groups were sacrificed and kidney tissues were harvested for determination of parameters under investigation. A high significant decrease in DN...
Mobile Phone Radiation and Human Serum Components : A Short Literature Review on Recent Findings
2014
In recent years, a growing concern about the possible health hazards of mobile phones radiofrequency radiation has increased considerably among almost everyone in the world, even on those who do not have such phones. Moreover, new technologies, which use the spectrum of high frequency emissions, are incorporated in many aspects of telecommunications. As a consequence, there is a lot of interest about the possible effects of the radiation emitted from the cell phones which are engaged in the telephony. This paper presents a review on recent findings of our research team on the effects of cell phones radiation on human serum chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), ferritin and triiodothronine (T3) levels. [Nasri H, Nasri P, Baradaran-Ghahfarokhi M, Shahbazi-Gahrouei D, Fattahi-asl J. Mobile Phone Radiation and Human Serum Components: A Short Literature Review on Recent Findings. Life Sci J 2014;11(9s):426-431]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 88
General Physiology and Biophysics, 2010
The concerns of people on possible adverse health effects of radiofrequency radiation (RFR) generated from mobile phones as well as their supporting transmitters (base stations) have increased markedly. RFR effect on oversensitive people, such as pregnant women and their developing fetuses, and older people is another source of concern that should be considered. In this study, oxidative DNA damage and lipid peroxidation levels in the brain tissue of pregnant and non-pregnant New Zealand White rabbits and their newborns exposed to RFR were investigated. Thirteen-month-old rabbits were studied in four groups as non-pregnant-control, non-pregnant-RFR exposed, pregnant-control and pregnant-RFR exposed. They were exposed to RFR (1800 MHz GSM; 14 V/m as reference level) for 15 min/day during 7 days. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels were analyzed. MDA and 8-OHdG levels of non-pregnant and pregnant-RFR exposed animals significantly increased with respect to controls (p < 0.001, Mann-Whitney test). No difference was found in the newborns (p > 0.05, Mann-Whitney). There exist very few experimental studies on the effects of RFR during pregnancy. It would be beneficial to increase the number of these studies in order to establish international standards for the protection of pregnant women from RFR.
Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment, 2019
The testes are a sensitive organ to electromagnetic pollution and people are concerned about the harmful effects of the radiofrequency radiation (RFR) emitted from cellular phones. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of long-term exposure to different RFR frequencies on single-strand DNA breaks and oxidative changes in rat testicular tissue. Twenty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into four groups. Three groups were exposed to radiation emitted from 900, 1800 and 2100 MHz RF generators, 2 h/day for 6 months. The sham-control group was kept under the same experimental conditions but the RFR generator was turned off. Immediately after the last exposure, testes were removed and DNA damage, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) were analyzed. The results of this study indicated that RFR increased TOS, OSI, MDA and 8-OHdG (p < 0.05). TAS levels in the exposed group were lower than in the sham group (p < 0.05). In terms of DNA damage, the tail intensities in the comet assay were higher in the exposure groups (p < 0.05). This study demonstrated that long-term exposure to RFR emitted by cellular phones may cause oxidative stress and oxidative DNA damage in rat testicular tissue and may generate DNA single-strand breaks at high frequencies (1800 and 2100 MHz). Our results showed that some RFR emitted from cellular phones has potential to lead to cell damage in the testes.