Synthesis and characterization of egg-albumen-formaldehyde based magnetic polymeric resin (MPR): Highly efficient adsorbent for Cd(II) ion removal from aqueous medium (original) (raw)
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Synthesis of micro-size magnetic polymer adsorbent and its application for the removal of Cu(II) ion
Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2007
This study is aimed at the synthesis of micro-size magnetic polymer adsorbent (MPA) coupling with metal chelating ligands of iminodiacetic acid (IDA) and its application for the removal of Cu(II) ion. Firstly, the super-paramagnetic Fe 3 O 4 called magnetite was prepared via the chemical co-precipitation method. The magnetite was then coated with polyvinyl acetate (PVAC) via the suspension polymerization with vinyl acetate (VAC), yielding magnetite-PVAC (denoted as M-PVAC). Several sequential procedures, including alcoholysis, epoxide activation, and coupling of IDA were subsequently employed to introduce functional groups on the surface of super-paramagnetite particles of M-PVAC, without demolishing the magnetite within the particles. The above sequential procedures yielded magnetite-polyvinyl alcohol (M-PVAL), magnetite-polyvinyl propenepoxide (M-PVEP), and magnetite-polyvinyl acetate-IDA (M-PVAC-IDA), respectively. Hence, the micro-size M-PVAC coupling with chelating ligands of IDA (denoted as M-PVAC-IDA) was manufactured with the desired chemical properties. The micro-size of about 1 m and specified functional groups of metal chelating ligands of M-PVAC-IDA can provide large specific area of external surface and adsorbability of metal ions of adsorbent, respectively, which are essential to the adsorption. Moreover, after the use in adsorption, the exhausted M-PVAC-IDA with super-paramagnetic property can be separated from the solution via the applied magnetic force.
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2012
In this study, a new method for preparation of cross-linked magnetic chitosan particles (MCPs) from steel slag and shrimp shells with using green tea extract as crosslinking reagent has been presented. The MCPs obtained were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and magnetic properties, and then were used to investigate the adsorption properties of Cu(II) and Ni(II) ions in aqueous solutions. The influence of experimental conditions such as contact time, pH value, adsorbent dose and initial metal concentration, and as well as the possibility of regeneration were studied systematically. The Cu(II) and Ni(II) adsorption isotherms, kinetics and thermodynamics have been measured and discussed. The results show that the synthesized MCPs have high adsorption capacity for both metal ions (126.58 mg/g for Cu(II) and 66.23 mg/g for Ni(II)), and have excellent regeneration stability with efficiency of greater than 83% after five cycles of the adsorption-regeneration process. The adsorption process of Ni(II) and Cu(II) on MCPs was feasible, spontaneous and exothermic, and better described by the Langmuir model and pseudo-second-order kinetic equation. The MCPs can be applied as a low cost and highly efficient adsorbent for removal of heavy metals from wastewater due to its high adsorption capacity, easy recovery, and good reusability.
Metal-complexing ligand methacryloylamidocysteine containing polymer beads for Cd(II) removal
Separation and Purification Technology, 2003
Different metal-complexing ligands carrying synthetic and natural adsorbents have been reported in the literature for heavy metal removal. We have developed a novel and new approach to obtain high metal adsorption capacity utilizing 2-methacryloylamidocysteine (MAC) as a metal-complexing ligand and/or comonomer. MAC was synthesized by using methacryloyl chloride and cysteine. Spherical beads with an average size of 150-200 mm were obtained by the radical suspension polymerization of MAC and 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA) conducted in an aqueous dispersion medium. Poly(2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate-methacryloylamidocysteine) p(HEMA-MAC) beads have a specific surface area of 18.9 m 2 g − 1 . p(HEMA-MAC) beads were characterized by swelling studies, FTIR and elemental analysis. The p(HEMA-MAC) beads with a swelling ratio of 72%, and containing 3.9 mmol MAC g − 1 were used in the removal of cadmium(II) ions from aqueous solutions. Adsorption equilibrium was achieved in about 15 min. The adsorption of Cd(II) ions onto pHEMA beads was negligible. The MAC incorporation significantly increased the Cd(II) adsorption capacity. Adsorption capacity of MAC incorporated beads increased significantly with pH. Competitive heavy metal adsorption from aqueous solutions containing Cd(II), Cr(III), Pb(II), Hg(II) and As(III) was also investigated. The adsorption capacities are 254 mg g − 1 for Cd(II); 90.9 mg g − 1 for Cr(III); 150.4 mg g − 1 for Hg(II), 91.2 mg g − 1 for Pb(II) and 6.7 mg g − 1 for As(III) ions. These results are an indication of higher specificity of the p(HEMA-MAC) beads for the Cd(II) ions compared with other ions. Consecutive adsorption and desorption operations showed the feasibility of repeated use for p(HEMA-MAC) chelating beads.
Adsorption Science & Technology
In this study, dimercaptosuccinic acid-functionalized magnetic chitosan (Fe3O4@CS@DMSA) was synthesized via in situ coprecipitation process and amidation reaction, aiming to eliminate cadmium (Cd(II)) ions from an aqueous environment. The structure, morphology, and particle size of the Fe3O4@CS@DMSA adsorbent were investigated using FTIR, TEM, EDX, TGA, zeta potential, and XRD techniques, and the obtained results approved the successful synthesis of the Fe3O4@CS@DMSA nanocomposite. The influence of external adsorption conditions such as pH solution, adsorbent mass, initial Cd(II) concentration, temperature, and contact time on the adsorption process was successfully achieved. Accordingly, pH: 7.6, contact time: 210 min, and adsorbent mass:10 mg were found to be the optimal conditions for best removal. The adsorption was analyzed using nonlinear isotherm and kinetic models. The outcomes revealed that the adsorption process obeyed the Langmuir and the pseudo-first-order models. The ma...
Synthesis, characterization and removal of Cd(II) using Cd(II)-ion imprinted polymer
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2009
A novel ion imprinted polymer (IIP), phenol-formaldehyde-Cd(II)-2-(p-sulphophenylazo)-1,8dihydroxynaphthalene-3,6-disulphonate (PF-Cd(II)-SPANDS) has been synthesized for selective solid phase extraction (SPE) of Cd(II) from aqueous solutions. IIP was prepared by the copolymerization of phenol and formaldehyde in the presence of Cd(II)-SPANDS complex in acidic medium. This polymer has been characterized on the basis of FTIR, elemental analysis and surface area measurement. Subsequently, the imprinted Cd(II) was completely removed by leaching the dried and powdered imprinted polymer with 1 M HNO 3 or 0.01 M EDTA in 0.5 M HNO 3 . Adsorption capacity was determined by batch experiments for Cd(II), Zn(II), Cu(II) and Hg(II) ions. The effect of pH, flow rate and equilibrium adsorption time was also studied for Cd(II). Adsorption equilibrium time was 50 min. The maximum adsorption of Cd(II) ions on to the imprinted polymer was 270 g g −1 . For comparison, the adsorption of metal ions was also studied on non-imprinted polymer (NIP). The adsorption capacity of IIP was found 59.2% higher than that of NIP for Cd(II) ion. However, for other investigated transition metal ions the capacity difference was not significant. The relative selectivity factor (˛r) values of Cd(II)/Zn(II), Cd(II)/Cu(II) and Cd(II)/Hg(II) are 7.4, 6.6 and 6.7, respectively which are greater than 1.
Separation and Purification Technology, 2008
A magnetic chelating resin with iminodiacetate functionality was prepared and investigated. This resin showed a powerful uptake behavior towards Pb(II), Cd(II), Zn(II), Ca(II) and Mg(II). Kinetic and thermodynamic characteristics of uptake process were evaluated. The uptake values obtained are comparable to that of commercial resin with the same functionality (Lewatit TP-207) but with faster kinetics. A correlation was found between the affinity of the resin towards the investigated metal ions and the values of stability constants of their complex formation. The regeneration of the resin was carried out using 0.2 M EDTA with efficiency over 96%. Recovery of Pb(II) (as an example) from aqueous solutions using column technique was carried out. The total adsorption capacity (No) value obtained from bed depth service time (BDST) model was found to be comparable with the experimental value of qs. The values of critical bed height (Zo) and rate constant of adsorption (Ka) were found to be 0.583 cm and 41.9 L/(mol min).
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2019
A novel magnetic ion-imprinted polymer with high accessibility to palladium ions was synthesized via co-precipitation polymerization. Accordingly, a ternary complex composed of PdCl 2 as an imprinting ion, 8-aminoquinoline (AQ) as a ligand, and 4vinyl pyridine (4-VP) as a complexing monomer was applied to Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 as magnetic core, followed by precipitation polymerization using 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (2-HEMA) as a co-monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as the crosslinker, and 2,2-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as an initiator in the presence of 2-methoxyethanol as a solvent. The palladium ions were leached out by a solution containing 50% (v/v) HCl. The synthesized polymer was characterized physically and morphologically using different techniques. In order to assess the conditions required for adsorption, as well as the selectivity and reusability, batch adsorption experiments were carried out. The experiments exhibited that the maximum adsorption capacity was about 65.75 mg g −1 at 25°C, while the pH solution and the adsorbent dose were 4 and 1 g L −1 , respectively. Kinetic studies of experimental data demonstrated that they correspond very much to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The development of the Langmuir and Freundlich isothermal models on the equilibrium data proved to correspond well to the Langmuir isotherm model. Interferences studies of the magnetic polymer demonstrated higher affinity and discernment for palladium ions than other co-existing ions in the solutions. Spontaneous (ΔG < 0) and exothermic (ΔH < 0) behavior of the adsorption process is confirmed by thermodynamic studies. In addition, the affinity of the spent polymer has not been dramatically reduced over at least five regeneration cycles.
DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT
In this research, trisodium citrate (TSC) based magnetite (Fe 3 O 4) nanocomposite was developed (Fe 3 O 4 @TSC) and applied as an efficient adsorbent for removal of Cd(II) from aqueous medium. The influence of experimental factors such as pH of the solution, amount of Fe 3 O 4 @TSC, temperature, contact time and initial Cd(II) concentration were studied. The results exhibited that the optimum pH value, equilibrium time and temperature were 7.6, 60 min and 298 K, respectively. The adsorption isotherm and kinetics were followed to the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order model, respectively. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity was 312.5 mg/g at 298 K. The adsorption of Cd(II) on Fe 3 O 4 @TSC was exothermic in nature and spontaneous process based on negative values of ΔH° and ΔG°. The type of interactions between electropositive Cd(II) and the carboxylic group was electrostatic interactions.
Removal of Cd(II) ions from contaminated water by a new modified magnetic chitosan nano composite
Advances in environmental science and technology, 2018
Magnetic chitosan nanocomposites are one of the more recent advanced groups of adsorbents used to remove contaminants from waste water. In this research, N- Nicotinyl-N', N"-bis (Hexamethylenyl) phosphoric triamide (HE) was used as an additive to form a new nanocomposite with the structure of chitosan / 5% Fe3O4 Nps/10% HE resulting in the highly efficient removal of Cd(II) ions from an aqueous solution. Several techniques were applied to characterize the new-fabricated nanocomposite: X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRD), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) was used to measure the removal percentage of Cd(II) ions from the contaminated water samples. Results showed that 15 mg of the nanocomposite could remove Cd(II) ions with a rate of 99.9% from 20 mL of its 100 ppm aqueous solution in pH=9 with contact time...
DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT
In the present study synthesis of magnetic nanoparticle (MNPs), impregnated walnut shell powder (MNPs-WSP) were carried out using the co-precipitation method and used for the solid-phase extraction of Cd(II) from environmental water samples. Impregnated walnut shell powder (MNPs-WSP) was characterized by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for functional group, scanning electron microscopy for surface morphology, energy dispersive X-ray analysis for elemental analysis, X-ray diffraction for crystallinity and SAA for surface area, pore volume and pore size. For quantitative percent recovery various analytical parameters like solution pH, sample volume, vertex time, temperature and initial metal ion concentration were optimized. Analytical parameters like limit of detection, limit of quantification and enhancement factor were also calculated under optimized experimental conditions. The kinetic data shows that the adsorption of Cd(II) on MNPs and MNPs-WSP follows pseudo-second-order kinetics. Values of ΔH°, ΔS° and ΔG° show that these adsorption processes are endothermic and feasible in nature. For equilibrium studies different isotherms like Langmuir and Freundlich, adsorption isotherms were applied. The method was successfully applied to environmental water samples like tap water, underground water, dam water and wastewater with satisfied recovery results.