Relationship Of Oil Palm Inflorescence And Evaluation Of Several Insecticides On Tirathaba Mundella Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) And Elaeidobius Kamerunicus Faust (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) (original) (raw)
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Impact of insect pests of female oil palm inflorescences on the quality of palm bunches and palm oil
Journal of entomology and zoology studies, 2022
Oil palm is a major cash crop for many countries. In fact, Côte d'Ivoire is the second largest African producer after Nigeria and the first African exporter. Despite this performance, the cultivation of this plant is limited by a variety of pests that strongly affect its production. These include leafminer Coelaenomenodera lameensis, defoliating caterpillars (Latoia spp), pests of the stipe of young palms (Oryctes monoceros), etc. and pests of female oil plam inflorescences. The latter destroys female inflorescences, which leads to malformation of many fruits, negatively impacting on the production of bunches. The objective of this work was to study the impact of female inflorescence pests on the quality of bunches and palm oil. The study was conducted at the CNRA research station in La Mé. The mosquito net placed on isolated female inflorescences allowed the capture and the identification of three main insect pests of female inflorescences of oil palm. These are the Curculionidae beetles Prosoestus minor and Prosoestus sculptilis and the Pyralidae lepidopteran Elaeidiphylos adustalis. These insects cause significant damage in palm groves, ranging from 60% to 70.98% of seeds damaged. Indeed, the large number of fruits damaged by these insects does not affect the quality of the oil produced because the acidity and fluidity of the oil remain within the quality standards. However, further biochemical studies are needed to elucidate real impact of these insects on the quality of the palm oil such such as fatty acid composition, β-carotene and vitamin E.
Pusat Sistematik Serangga, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 2020
The oil palm pollinator, Elaeidobius kamerunicus is a weevil that belongs to Curculionidae It has been found to have the highest capacity for efficient insect pollinator of oil palm. In order to control the damage from reaching or nearing the economic threshold level (ETL), planters are left with the option to use insecticides due to its fast action. Therefore, in this study the efficacy of chlorantraniliprole, cypermethrin, flubendiamide, Bacillus thuringiensis, cnidiadin and Isaria fumosorosea were tested on oil palm pollinator, E. kamerunicus. The pollens and pollinators were collected from FELDA Besout, Perak, Malaysia. Adult of E. kamerunicus were exposed to the insecticides residue and mortality was observed at 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours after exposure. The percentage of mortality E. kamerunicus was recorded to determine the insecticides efficacy. Mortality of E. kamerunicus was highest when exposed to cypermethrin and chlorantraniliprole with 100% mortality of the population, followed by flubendiamide (42%), B. thuringiensis (39%), cnidiadin (11%), I. fumosorosea (3%) and control (2%) at 96 hours post-exposure. Cypermethrin gave the shortest LT50 to killed E. kamerunicus at 17 hours, followed by chlorantraniliprole, flubendiamide and B. thuringiensis which were 31, 136 and 137 hours, respectively. Whilst, lethality index of cypermethrin showed the highest value, which was 91.50%, followed by chlorantraniliprole (76.50%), flubendiamide (27.25%), B. thuringiensis (25.25%), cnidiadin (5.25%) and I. fumosorosea (1.75%).
Insect Exploration in Plants Palm Oil (Elaeis guineensis. jacq) in Sirapit District, Langkat Regency
https://www.ijrrjournal.com/IJRR\_Vol.9\_Issue.4\_April2022/IJRR-Abstract043.html, 2022
Oil palm is one of the leading commodities in Indonesia and is a source of foreign exchange for the country. This oil palm plant is the main crop for private plantations, the government and also the people. The number of pest attacks on oil palm plants causes a decrease in production so it must be controlled using pesticides and natural enemies. People's oil palm plant control management with minimal knowledge always considers all insects to be pests. This is the main goal of researchers to explore the types of insects that exist in mature and immature plants. The research method is qualitative descriptive, namely by survey and direct identification, from research conducted in June 2021, it was found that insect diversity was in the moderate category, and the highest number of insects was found in immature plants such as Dolichoderus thoracicus.
International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 2017
This study aims to determine the effect of various germplasm palm oil plantation of population insect pollinators (Elaeidobius kamerunicus Faust.) In PPKS collection at Kebun Kalianta, Riau. The study was conducted from May to July 2016 with a purposive sampling method. The results showed total population of E. kamerunicus is 9,123 head/0.5ha (3,160 head 0.5ha: 5,963 head/ 0.5ha) in the male flowers and amounted to 433 head/0.5ha (182 head/0.5ha: 251 heads/0.5ha ) in female flowers. E. kamerunicus highest male population of 1,244 head/0.5ha and female high of 2,241 head/0.5ha germplasm contained in V3 (Accession Wild Angola) in the male flowers and the male population of E. kamerunicus high of 41 head/0.5ha and the highest female amounting to 65 head/0.5ha located on E. guineensis germplasm in the female flowers on the contrary the lowest population of 0 head/0.5ha located on E. oleifera germplasm of both the male flowers and female flowers. Only the air temperature significantly af...
2018
Elaeidobius kamerunicus is the main insect pollinator of oil palm and was first introduced to Malaysia in the year of 1980s. This introduction had increased the oil palm yield production. However, the yield production has obviously declined lately. There are several factors that contributing to the declined and most said is because of the E. kamerunicus population itself. As such, a study to determine the population abundance of E. kamerunicus on different oil palm planting materials was done at Ladang FELDA in Jengka, Pahang, Malaysia from May 2016 to April 2017. A total of nine spikelets, three each from top, middle and bottom section of male inflorescence which were systematically selected prior to data collection, were cut off early in the morning and brought back to Centre for Insect Systematics, UKM for E. kamerunicus counts. The mean population abundance of E. kamerunicus per ha for both oil palm clones and D×P were 20463 ± 3528 and 11079 ± 2135 weevils per ha, respectively. ...
Tropical life sciences research, 2015
The effectiveness of the synthetic insecticides trichlorfon, lambda-cyhalothrin, cypermethrin emulsion concentrated (EC) and cypermethrin emulsion water based (EW) and a bio-insecticide, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki (Btk), was evaluated at 3, 7, 14 and 30 days after treatment (DAT) for the control of Metisa plana larvae in an oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) plantation in Malaysia. Although all synthetic insecticides effectively reduced the larval population of M. plana, trichlorfon, lambda-cyhalothrin and cypermethrin EC were the fastest-acting. The larval population dropped below the economic threshold level (ETL) 30 days after a single application of the synthetic insecticides. Application of Btk, however, gave poor results, with the larval population remaining above the ETL post treatment. In terms of operational productivity, ground spraying using power spray equipment was time-consuming and resulted in poor coverage. Power spraying may not be appropriate for controlling ...
Global Advances on Insect Pest Management Research in Oil Palm
Sustainability
Here, we review the advances in research on management of key oil palm insect pests globally, including defoliators, leaf/fruit scrapers, borers and sap feeders. The common oil palm pest management methods include synthetic insecticides, biopesticides, semiochemical lures, cultural practices, and integrated approaches. However, effectiveness, affordability, availability and impact of these methods on human and environmental health vary considerably based on the target insect and geographical location. The use of quarantine regulations to prevent the spread of invasive pests has also been applied with remarkable results. There are notable research advances in semiochemicals, bioacoustic detectors, nanotechnology, insect growth regulators, and entomophagy for better management of oil palm pests. We suggest the following research areas for improving effectiveness of oil palm pest management interventions: (i) exploration of semiochemical attractants for the majority of pests with no pr...
Chilean journal of agricultural research, 2014
The aims of this research were to determine the chemical composition of the essential oil of three Tunisian plants and to evaluate their biological activity against eggs, larvae, and adult insects of Ectomyelois ceratoniae Zeller. The essential oils extracted from leaves of Thymus capitatus (L.) Hoffmanns. & Link, Rosmarinus officinalis L. and needles of Pinus halepensis Mill. were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; 34, 16, and 56 constituents were identified, respectively. The major constituents were (Z)-caryophyllene (23.8%), β-myrcene (20.5%) and α-pinene (13.3%) in P. halepensis oil, carvacrol (66.9%), p-cymene (9.1%), and δ-terpinene (6.2%) in T. capitatus oil and 1,8-cineole (47.5%), camphor (14.9%), α-pinene (14.1%), and borneol (13.1%) in R. officinalis oil. The insecticidal effects of essential oils on eggs, larvae, and adults of E. ceratoniae were investigated. Ovicidal activity of oils was studied by spray on eggs while larvicidal and adulticidal activities were assessed by fumigation and spray. Number of hatched eggs was verified after 10 d, larva and adult mortalities were observed after 6, 12, and 24 h. Globally, eggs and larvae were the most resistant to the three different oils, needing higher doses to obtain a higher mortality. The spray method was most effective than fumigation. Essential oil extracted from T. capitatus proved to be very toxic towards E. ceratoniae on all three phases at the dose of 20 µL mL-1 (100% inhibition), followed by the oil from R. officinalis (90-100% inhibition), nevertheless, weak activity was obtained with P. halepensis oil (68.3-85% inhibition). Results obtained may suggest that the essential oils of T. capitatus and R. officinalis possess high insecticidal activity and therefore, can be used in biotechnological application as natural preservative in stored dates and could be useful in managing populations of E. ceratoniae in field.