On development planning of electricity distribution networks (original) (raw)
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Models and Procedures for Electric Energy Distribution Planning. A Review
IFAC Proceedings Volumes, 2002
Distribution system planning is a key component to accomplish the service in a fast growing demand market, both from a technical point of view and from the economic costs management. In the near future, electric companies will need faster and cheaper planning tools to evaluate different scenarios and their consequences for the rest of the system and provide their clients whit safe reliable and economic energy. The objective of this paper is to review different articles about this subject trying to continue the previous work from Gonen and Ramírez-Rosado in 1986 (Gönen,1986).
this paper presents a comparative review and discussion of Power Distribution Planning (PDP). For quite some time now, significant research efforts have been devoted to the optimization of power distribution systems. The main aim of power distribution planning (PDP) is to design distribution systems that are able to cater for demand growth in a reliable, timely and safe manner; and at the same time realize a minimum cost strategy. As with any planning problem, there are inherent uncertainties that have to be accounted for when coming up with solutions. Several methods have been proposed, each with its own strengths and weaknesses. The basic concepts, criteria, and analysis techniques of each of these methods are discussed. Finally, there merits and demerits are brought forward.
18th International Conference and Exhibition on Electricity Distribution (CIRED 2005), 2005
Long-term distribution planning is crucial for any electric utility striving for an economically viable development with permanent profit. Since long-term distribution system planning is recognized as a complex combinatorial problem due to the large number of variables and parameters involved, the exploration of planning methods has been a topic of interest for over four decades. Fortunately, advances in applied mathematics and computer technology gave way for the creation of numerous methods. On the other hand, deregulation processes affecting the power industry diminished the usability of existing (usually least-cost) planning methods and produced a need for more flexible methodologies. All in all, despite the fact that various planning methods exist and new ones are innovated, accompanying long-term planning tools are scarcely used. Implementation difficulties, method inadequacies and usability shortcomings are regularly indicated as reasons for this poor usage, although these reasons are normal sideeffects of converting research into practice. In order to promote the potential of heuristic optimization methods for optimal long-term distribution planning, this paper presents a complete methodology for planning open-loop (link) mediumvoltage networks. The emphasis of this paper is on the whole planning process surrounding the actual implementation of the optimization method. The procedures preceding and succeeding the optimization are decisive for usability which explains why many methods and methodologies are inadequate. In this paper, the complete planning process is presented with special attention to details that usually render other optimization methods ineffective (decomposition, special loads, spatial constrains, etc.). In addition, some explanations related to the underlying evolutionary algorithm are given in order to clarify planning goals and constraints.
Operational Planning of Distribution Networks Based on Utility Planning Concepts
IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2018
The paper presents the operational planning of medium voltage (11 kV; 6.6 kV) distribution networks that is an integral part of the previously developed integrated planning approach based on utility planning concepts. The operational planning problem is decoupled from the investment planning stage and it is further divided into two phases, the quality of supply (QoS) planning and the minimization of operational costs. The QoS planning maximizes the benefits of the regulatory incentive regime by installing and automating switchgear, as well as finding optimal normally open points (NOPs). It is solved in two ways, by applying genetic algorithm (GA) optimization and then the approach based on engineering rules. Operational cost minimization considers costs of O&M, switching, losses and reliability. It includes security constraints for radially operated networks and allows that the locations of new switchgear from the QoS stage are changed. The simplified version of the model is also intended to be used as a real-time network reconfiguration tool. The entire methodology is tested on the 69-bus test system.
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
Utmost of elucidation about the research accomplished in an article is cleared from the objective function of the planning problem. An objective function is a mathematical expression which describe the existing condition of a system with numerous variables, in which alteration of these variables result in optimized value largest or smallest, depending on problem or desired value. That value may be obtained by minimizing or maximizing the objective function. In this paper, a review has been carried out on objective functions of distribution network expansion planning (DNEP). These objective functions have been classified into five main categories: financial, income related, technical, optimal size & location and social & economic. The selection of objective function clearly shows increasing penetration of distributed generation (DG), distributed energy storing systems (DESS) and fuel cells with renewable technologies. Most of the reviewed articles highlight these objectives in details, however; not all fields have been covered in any single work on DNEP. This review article aims to address this gap so that widespread DNEP can be achieved with flawlessness. Substantial information has been offered of research work done in the field of DNEP through this review article which will mitigate the impending researchers from the difficulties of getting apposite supervision.
CIRED 2021 - The 26th International Conference and Exhibition on Electricity Distribution, 2021
Modern planning techniques for distribution systems consider, in addition to the conventional grid reinforcement, the provision of power flexibility from local resources. This solution is demonstrated to be cost-effective in numerous cases. However, distribution resources might be required to provide services to transmission system too, and this aspect needs to be considered within the selection of the best distribution planning options. This paper investigates a distribution network planning strategy based on different trade-offs between "minimization of investment costs" and "maximization of distribution flexibility for transmission services", which is aimed at supporting a cooperative (but decoupled) planning for both distribution and transmission systems.
Energies, 2019
Designing and planning of electrical distribution systems is a task that design engineers perform during their daily activities. These designs, which are completed manually, are made according to the expertise of the designer; as a consequence, the obtained product varies depending on the person in charge of executing the layout, highlighting the fact that those designs are susceptible to involuntary human mistakes resulting in no optimal solutions and high cost consequences. The work presented below explains the implementation of an intelligent decision tool that allows the design of network distribution system planning considering the current electrical company standards, in order to have a clear and quick initial overview of the configuration that an electricity network should have in response to an increasing demand, considering not only the coverage and capacity of the transformers but also voltage drop along the conductors, which must not exceed 3% of the nominal value. The ob...
Energy distribution system planning - methodologies and tools for multi-criteria decision analysis
18th International Conference and Exhibition on Electricity Distribution (CIRED 2005), 2005
The paper presents a methodology for planning of complex, local energy distribution systems, and the reasoning for new thinking. The increasing focus on distributed generation and renewable energy sources makes it necessary to evaluate and analyse alternative energy carriers in mutual combination. New regulations from authorities and increased public attention and concern regarding both visual impact and emissions have led to more difficulties and restrictions related to implementation of energy infrastructure projects. The construction of local power plants and associated distribution infrastructure can be optimised with respect to size and location subject to economic and environmental constraints, and possibly other criteria like security of supply and safety.