The prevalence of severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss in Saudi children and the need for cochlear implants (original) (raw)
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Ain Shams medical journal, 2023
Background: Cochlear implantation is the standard treatment for the severe to profound bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. Candidacy criteria have expanded gradually due to technological developments and increasing experience. Main expansions include very young age, residual hearing, additional handicaps & special etiologies of deafness. Aim of the work: To compare the outcomes of children with bilateral severe to profound SNHL with cochlear implant versus children with severe SNHL with hearing aids. Patient and Methods: 60 children with age 5-15 years divided into 2 groups were included in the present study. Group I: 30 binaural HA users with bilateral severe sensorineural hearing loss. Group II: 30 CI users with bilateral severe to profound hearing loss. Test battery of outcome measures (Arabic versions) were done to evaluate and compare outcome of both groups including measures for: audibility, aided speech recognition test using PBKG lists, perception of everyday sounds by MAIS questionnaire and language assessment using PLS 4 test. Results: Results showed that HA group scored better than CI group in aided speech recognition test by PBKG lists, MAIS questionnaire and PLS 4 test. CI group got better aided thresholds. Conclusion: Children with severe hearing loss using hearing aids have the potential to receive sufficient auditory information from conventional hearing aids to acquire age-appropriate spoken communication.
BMC Pediatrics, 2022
Background Hearing loss can have a major impact on children’s language development, academic success and hearing comprehension. The aim of the present study was to determinate risk factors for severe and profound hearing loss in child candidates for cochlear implantation in southeast of Iran during 2014–2020. Materials and methods This case-control study consisted of 400 children referring to a cochlear implant center (in southeastern Iran) from Bandar Abbas, Zahedan and Kerman during the years 2014–2020 as cases. The subjects were selected using the random sampling method; 200 children hospitalized in Shafa and Afzalipour hospitals were selected as controls. Results Based on the results of the multivariate logistic regression, weight less than 1500 g (OR = 4.40: p < 0.05), hospitalization in NICU (OR = 7.21: p < 0.05), family history of hearing loss (OR = 11.47: p < 0.05), Gestational age over 35 (OR = 9.63: p < 0.05), intracranial hemorrhage (OR = 5.18: p < 0.05), c...
Relevant demographic factors and hearing impairment in Saudi children: epidemiological study
The Journal of Laryngology & Otology, 1994
A representative sample of 6421 Saudi children were clinically examined and screened for hearing loss. Hearing impairment was detected in 494 children (7.7 per cent). In 326 of the children it was due to chronic secretory and suppurative otitis media (5.07 per cent) and in 168 of them sensorineural hearing loss (2.6 per cent).
Cureus, 2020
Background Early childhood years are very important and crucial periods for developing different developmental milestones. Hearing loss is considered to be one of the most commonly detectable problems, which often goes unnoticed or not given proper attention due to the lack of screening modalities or the inability of parents or guardians to recognize it in early stages. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the pattern of differences pertaining to hearing loss among preschool children of various age groups to better approach this issue in a systemic and fundamental manner, so that better care and treatment can be provided to children suffering from deafness. Methods This study involved a descriptive, retrospective chart review in two hospital settings, and it was conducted at the department of physiology (neurophysiology) of King Abdulaziz and King Khalid University Hospitals at the King Saud University (KSU) in Riyadh during the period of 2012-2017. A total of 324 preschool Saudi children from the age of two to five years were involved and tested by brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs) to assess deafness. Results A total of 324 patients underwent the BAEP test; of them, 199 (61.4%) were males and 125 (38.6%) were females. Regarding the age groups, the most common age group was that of two-year-olds with 117 (36.1%) participants, followed by three-year-olds with 80 (24.7%) children, four-year-olds with 73 (22.5%) patients, and five-year-olds with 54 (16.7%) participants. Furthermore, there were 220 (67.9%) patients with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), 92 (28.4%) with conductive hearing loss (CHL), four (1.2%) with mixed hearing loss (MHL), and eight (2.5%) with normal audiometry. The normal hearing threshold was determined to be 20 dB, and the mean value for the hearing threshold of the SNHL in the right ear was found to be 43.45 ± 25.85, while the left-ear mean value was 44.54 ± 28.78. The mean value of the hearing threshold in CHL of the right ear was 50.96 ± 22.23, while that of the left ear was 47.85 ± 22.74. Lastly, the mean value of the hearing threshold in MHL of the right ear was 80.00 ± 21.21, while that of the left ear was 73.75 ± 18.87. Conclusion SNHL was the most common type (67.9%) of preschool hearing loss in Saudi Children attending the neurophysiology clinic at KSU hospitals between 2012-2017, while MHL constituted the most severe cases.
Hearing impairments among Saudi preschool children
Background: Hearing loss among school-entrant children in the developing world has been widely reported as a significant health problem. Failure to detect hearing loss, either congenital or acquired, in children may result in lifelong deficits in speech and language acquisition. The aims of this study were: (1) to estimate the prevalence of hearing loss and (2) to identify its different types. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that included all children (n = 2574) aged 4–8 years who attended the obligatory health examination for kindergarten (=370) and primary school (n = 2204) entry at the school health center of King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from March 2009 to December 2010. Pure-tone air conduction audiometry was conducted for each child in a sound-treated room followed by a diagnostic test. Tympanometry was performed as a complement to the overall objectives of a hearing screening program. Results: A total of 45 children were diagnosed with hearing impairment (84.4% conductive and 15.6% sensori-neural), with an overall prevalence of 1.75% (95% C.I.: 1.25, 2.25). The majority of cases were females (71.1%), of school age (80.0%), with conductive deafness (84.4%). More than one-half of cases had bilateral deafness (55.6%) of mild degree (57.8%). As for conductive deafness, otitis media with effusion ranked first as a cause of deafness (34.9%), followed by wax and chronic otitis media (23.3% each), while traumatic perforated drum came last (2.3%). Sensorineural deafness constituted 16.2% of all cases. Conclusion: Conductive hearing loss is the primary type of hearing loss among children and is easy to correct. The urgent development of audiological services in other school health centers in the country, particularly those with good referral systems to Ministry of Health hospitals, is needed. Evidence-based guidelines to identify, monitor, and manage otitis media with effusion (OME) in children in the primary healthcare setting and a strategy to prevent hearing loss are recommended.
Auditory Performance in Pediatrics Cochlear Implant Program of Cairo University
Egyptian Journal of Ear, Nose, Throat and Allied Sciences
Background: Cochlear implantation (CI) became an effective procedure in restoring hearing in patients with severe to profound hearing loss (HL). It can help youngsters who do not benefit from hearing aids improve their auditory skills and speech perception. The outcome depends on several factors which affect it one at a time or in combination. Aim: This study was designed to document factors that might affect the outcome of Cairo University's CI program. Patients and Methods: This prospective study was conducted on fifty children with bilateral severe to profound sensorineural HL who underwent unilateral CI at the CI Unit, Kasr Al-Ainy Hospital, Cairo University. All patients were subjected to careful history taking, full medical examination, audiological and preoperative investigations, phoniatric and IQ assessment then subjected to audiological and language assessment after one year of using the device. Results: After one year of CI, significant improvement in hearing was found with a significant association with the duration of using hearing aids. The language age and vocabulary size were significantly improved. Regarding vocabulary size, it was significantly improved and associated with the preoperative IQ level and preoperative vocabulary size. There was a statistically significant improvement in categories of auditory performance scores with a significant association with the postoperative vocabulary size. Conclusion: CI is an effective and safe treatment in children with sensorineural HL. Its positive outcome could be affected by the preoperative use of hearing aids, preoperative language age, vocabulary size, and child's IQ.
The Journal of Laryngology & Otology, 2007
The Pakistan cochlear implant programme was started in Lahore in August 2000. It was initially established with the technical support of the Manchester cochlear implant team. There are no government resources available for cochlear implantation in Pakistan and the cost of cochlear implantation is met by the candidates and their families. Up till December 2005, 52 individuals have been implanted. Forty-four (84.6 per cent) of these patients were children and eight (15.4 per cent) patients were adults. Congenital deafness (94 per cent) is the main aetiological factor in children. Seventy-six per cent of these children were born to blood related parents. All patients received a Med-El Combi 40+ device. The listening progress profile, the meaningful auditory integration scale and the meaningful use of speech scale were used to assess the auditory performance in children. Thirty-nine children achieved an average listening progress profile score of 37.7 after 12 months of implantation. T...
Ages of hearing loss diagnosis and cochlear implantation in hearing impaired children
Audiology, 2012
Background and Aim: Early diagnosis of hearing loss lead to early intervention and improvement of developmental skills of children with hearing loss. The present study aimed to determine the mean age of hearing loss diagnosis and cochlear implantation (CI) in hearing impaired children and to compare the age of performing cochlear implantation in children who were identified by newborn hearing screening with those who were not. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 96 children with severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss who received cochlear implantation in Amir-e-Alam cochlear implantation center between the years 2008 and 2010. For data gathering, we assessed subjects' medical archives, interviewed with their parents and took medical history including demographic information, birth history and hearing loss history. Results: Mean age of hearing loss suspicion, diagnosis, hearing aids administration, Initiation of rehabilitation program, performing cochlear implantation and mean age when cochlear implantation was utilized were 6.73 (SD=5.79), 9.35 (SD=5.79), 13.41 (SD=6.10), 16 (SD=6.36), 41.25 (SD=11.12), and 42.15 (SD=11.00) months, respectively. There was statistically significant difference between them (p<0.05). 43.8% of hearing impaired children had been identified by newborn hearing screening. There was statistically significant difference between cochlear implantation operation age of children who were identified by newborn hearing screening with those who were not (p<0.0001). Conclusion: In spite of notable reduction in the age of hearing loss diagnosis and intervention during recent years, compared to international indices it is still tardy. Conducting newborn hearing screening can significantly reduce these ages.