Estimation of Air Pollution Tolerance Index of Plants Across the Industrial Zone in Kanpur City, Uttar Pradesh (original) (raw)
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Evaluating Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI) of Some Plants Species in Bengaluru City
Advances in Zoology and Botany, 2023
In the present era, the rapid growth of industrial science and technology has improved the human lifestyle as a part of developing countries. On the other hand, we are gradually facing immense trouble in terms of pollution. Now more than ever, the timing is right to take the required action to combat air pollution. Although to varying degrees, plants provide significant coverage for the absorption, impingement, and air pollutants accumulation to lower pollutants. The “Air Pollution Tolerance Index” is a green technology-based tool used for analysing air pollution in one specific area which leads to developing an idea about air quality. The inherent ability of trees to reduce pollution is known as APTI, and urban communities are now quite concerned about this issue. While trees with a lower APTI are used to determine the level of pollution in the air, those with a high tolerance index can cope with pollutants in the air and can be utilised as a source to reduce pollution. The objective of the study is to determine the inherent quality of plants to tolerate air pollution and identify the plant species for pollution mitigation. The APTI is based on an examination of four biochemical characteristics that are directly impacted by air pollution: total chlorophyll, pH of the leaf extract, relative water content, and levels of ascorbic acid, were measured. Because of urbanisation, which has increased a variety of human activities and resulted in a reduction in green space and constant population growth, Bengaluru’s air quality has worsened. The results indicate that, all the biochemical parameters show the deterioration with the increase of intensity of pollution. Tolerant plant species serve as suitable sinks to survive the air pollution and the sensitive plant species may be used as a bio-indicator of air quality.
Evaluating Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI) of Two Plant Species from Industrial Area of Jodhpur
International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science, Science Publishing Group,USA, 2021
Jodhpur is the second largest district in the state of Rajasthan. With growth in the population numbers of vehicles along with industries have increased which is affecting the air quality of Jodhpur. Plants have a very close relationship with nature and they act as sink for reducing air pollution. Impact of air pollution on two plants namely Tabernaemontana and Sesbania (vegetable humming bird tree) from heavy industrial area site (HI) Phase II were evaluated in terms of air pollution tolerance index (APTI) by analysing four biochemical parameters namely, total chlorophyll, ascorbic acid, relative water content (RWC), and pH using standard methods. Fresh and mature leaves were collected every month from August 2019 to March 2020 in morning hours between 8.00 AM and 9.00 AM and total number of vehicles (between 8.00 AM and 4.00 PM) were counted. Average APTI values for Tabernaemontana and Sesbania were found to be 7.13 and 5.90 respectively and hence both the plants fall in the sensitive category. APTI showed a positive correlation with pH, RWC, and ascorbic acid but negative correlation with total chlorophyll in Tabernaemontana, while in Sesbania APTI showed a positive correlation with, relative water content RWC, and total chlorophyll and negative correlation with ascorbic acid and pH. The ascorbic acid content was found to be maximum in both Tabernaemontana and Sesbania in October 2019 (2.0 and 1.66). Relative water content and ascorbic acid of both plants were minimum in November 2019 (RWC 41.79 and 36.81) and August 2019 (0.4487 and 0.2682) respectively.
Seasonal Variation in Air Pollution Tolerance Index of Various Plant Species of Baroda City
Clean air, pure water and nutritious food are basic amenities of life but the quality of air, water and land is deteriorating continuously. Air Pollution is any atmospheric condition in which certain substances are present in such concentration that can produce undesirable effects on man & its environment Industrial air pollution is more complex than most other environmental challenges. Air pollution tolerance level differs from plant to plant. To evaluate the tolerance level of plant species to air pollution, four leaf parameters are used to drive an empirical number indicating the Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI). Air pollution tolerance index has also been used to rank plant species in their order of tolerance to air pollution. The aim of this study is therefore to determine the APTI values of six plants species which were collected from 9 sites of Baroda city. Leaf samples of selected plant species found at all the sampling sites were collected i.e Azadirachta indica, Polyal...
Assessment of Air Pollution Tolerance Index of Plants: A Comparative Study
International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2017
Objective: Air pollution is one of the major global tribulations in many developing cities around the world. Addressing this sort of pollution is more intricate than other ecological challenges. As pollution is an upcoming issue, we aimed at assessing the air pollution tolerant plants from roadside exposed to vehicular air pollution from two different locations in Thane city. Methods: In the present study, commonly available ten roadside tree species selected from polluted and control area, and their air pollution tolerance index (APTI) determined in Thane city. The biochemical parameters viz. pH, ascorbic acid, total chlorophyll, relative water content (RWC) were considered to calculate APTI by using standard method. Results: The study shows that the control site has more APTI than the polluted site. The APTI observed minimum in Tectona grandis 5.2±0.3247 and maximum in Azadirachta indica 13.5±0.4404. Reduction in APTI at polluted site shows that Alstonia scholaris (6.6%), Tamarind...
International Journal of Engineering and Technology
Kanchipuram, one of the holiest city is highly polluted in nowadays with smoke, dusts and domestic wastes due to industrialization and urbanization. It is most important to know the quality of air and its impact on the plants in this temple city. Plant species which are tolerant to air pollution are found out by the landscapist by determining the Air pollution tolerance index (APTI). The present research aims to determine the APTI values for five common roadside plant species growing in three different locations in Kanchipuram town, India areSaracaasoca, TerminaliaCatappa, Syzygiumcumini, Thespesiapopulnea,Pongamiaglabra. Thirty numbers of samples were collected from these five plants. The APTI was measured by combining the four various physical and biochemical characteristics such as water content in leaf (RWC), Green colour pigment in leaf (Tch), Ascorbic acid content (AA) and pH value of leaf extraction..The result from this study shows that Saracaasocais the most tolerant species and the TerminaliaCatappa is the least one. Keywords-Aerosols, Tolerance index, Bio-indicator, Species, Particulate matter I. INTRODUCTION Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that causes adverse change. Air pollution results from an injection of any contaminants in the form of gases, aerosols and particulate matters by natural or from anthropogenic sources. These pollutants cause adverse effects to man and his environment [1]. Atmospheric air is highly contaminated by human activities, rapid growth of industries, vehicular emission and urbanization [2]. Plants play major role in analyzing and balancing the ecosystem by their active involvement in the biogeochemical cycle such as minerals, CO 2 and O 2 [3]. Trees are used to remove heavy metals like Cadmium, Nickel, Zinc, Lead etc., and gases from the ambient air. Sensitivity of the species to air pollutants are varying from species to species. More sensitive plant species are used as bio-indicators in air pollution [4]. Plants with broad leaf area are used to reduce the concentration of pollutants in the environment by absorbing and accumulating it on the surface. This absorbing capacity varies from species to species [5]. Plants are affected by air pollutants directly through leaves or indirectly by altering the soil nature. Particulate matter causes the damage to the leaves by closing their stomata thereby reducing their chlorophyll content. Plants when they are exposed to pollutants change their physical characteristics at first and visible markings on the leaf surface at last [6]. Several atmospheric pollution control techniques are existing but cleansing of atmosphere by absorbing gaseous and aerosols through leaves of the plants is one of the best, natural and simplest method[7]. Factors which causes the impacts on the plants are meteorological conditions, concentration of pollutants in the air and their retention time in the atmosphere [8],[9]. Tolerance levels of plants have been tested to determine the level of pollution. APTI values can be determined by the method of analyzing the various parameters such as pH, total chlorophyll content, ascorbic acid and relative water content [10]. Plants showing greater APTI values are considered as high tolerant to atmospheric pollution than those showing lesser values as given in Table I. Species act as bio-indicators of air pollution when they show lesser APTI values. Plant species are arranged in series with their tolerance level to air pollution based on their APTI [11].
Evaluation of Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI) and Anticipated Performance Index (API) of Some Plant species in Haridwar city
In this modern world the quality of air is getting decline day by day by vehicle emission, rapid industrialization, agricultural practices etc. and the pollution of air is a major of concern throughout the world. Plants play a vital role in controlling the air pollutants as the have potential to tolerate contaminants. In the present study, Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI) and Anticipated performance index (API) was calculated to observe the tolerant potential of three plant species in Haridwar area of Uttarakhand. The API not only takes APTI into consideration but also the biological and socioeconomic aspect of the species. APTI was recorded highest in Azadirachta indica at site-1 and lowest APTI was recorded in Nerium indicum at site-3. In the present study API % score varies from 54% to 77% the highest API % score was recorded in Azadirachta indica and minimum API % score was recorded in Nerium indicum. The present study revealed that the assessments of above mention index with high APTI are significant in the reduction of urban air pollution and green belt designing.
Air pollution tolerance index of selected plants in industrial and urban areas of Vellore district
Agricultural Science Digest - A Research Journal, 2016
The impact of air pollutants on the biochemical characters of the selected plant species from industrial and urban areas was studied by calculating ascorbic acid, total chlorophyll, leaf extract pH and relative water content from leaf tissues. The air pollution tolerance index (APTI) values of the selected plants of different study areas revealed that the APTI values of the plants at the College Farm recorded low compared to Arcot and Ranipet transporation and industrial areas. Among the selected plant species, higher APTI values were recorded from the industrial and urban areas. when compared to areas free from industries and transport. The four selected plant species viz. Neerium oleander, Tamarindus indicus, Azardirecta indica and Pungamia pinnata, Neerium oleander recorded higher APTI values from the industrial and transportation that revealed more tolerance than the other selected plants.The statistical results revealed that Arcot was more polluted compared to Ranipet, and the ...
AIR POLLUTION TOLERANCE INDEX OF VARIOUS PLANT SPECIES AROUND NANDED CITY, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA
Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI) was calculated for various roadside plant species around Nanded city. Studies were carried out to determine the physiological response of plant species Azadirachta indica, Mangifera indica, Polyalthia longifolia, Ficus religiosa, Ficus bengalensis, Ficus glomerata, Moringa oleifera, Phyllanthus embilca, Euginia jambolana, Eucalyptus, Delonix regia, Acacia nilotica, Leucaena leucocephala, Dalbergia sissoo and Tamarindus indicain Nanded city. Objective: To identify the air pollution tolerance plant species. Methods: The leaf samples collected from these plant species were used to determine their APTI by calculating the ascorbic acid, total chlorophyll, pH, and relative water contents for sites. Results: Response of plants towards air pollution was assessed by APTI. On the basis of APTI Azadirachta indica, Moringa Oleifera, Euginia Jambolana and Tamarindus indica were tolerant while, Mangifera indica, Polyalthia longifolia,Ficus bengalensis, Delonix regia, Acacia nilotica, Leucaena leucocephala and Dalbergia sissooplants were intermediate plant. The plant species Ficus religiosa, Ficus glomerata, Phyllanthus embilca and Eucalyptus were sensitive. Conclusions: The APTI determination provides a reliable method for screening sensitive tolerant plants under field conditions where the air-shed is contaminated by a variety of pollutants. The susceptibility level of plants to air pollutions as indicated through their index values, compared well with the responses of plants observed under laboratory and field experiments.
Assessment for Variation of Air Pollution Tolerance Index of Selected Plants in Bengaluru Urban
To develop the usefulness of Caesalpinia pulcherrima and Catharanthus roseus plants as bioindicators, which entail an utmost importance for a particular situation. This study focuses on the assessment of air pollution tolerance index (APTI) of two selected plant species commonly found along roadsides in Bengaluru, India. The plant species selected for the study were Caesalpinia pulcherrima and Catharanthus roseus. The plants were evaluated in terms of APTI by analyzing four different biochemical parameters: Leaf relative water content (RWC), Ascorbic acid content (AA), Total leaf chlorophyll (TCh), and pH of leaf extract. Based on APTI Caesalpinia pulcherrima was found to be more tolerant compared to Catharanthus roseus. Species with lower APTI value are considered sensitive species, which can be used as a biological indicator for further monitoring of air quality. Species with higher APTI value are tolerant species and thus, can be planted for pollution abatement in order to control and reduce environmental pollution.
Assessment of air pollution tolerance levels of some plant species of Jammu
Environment Conservation Journal
The air pollution tolerance indices (APTI) of four plant species: Ficus religiosa, Polyalthia longifolia, Pterospernum acerifolium and Thevetia peruviana growing along roadsides at polluted site (Satwari-Bikram Chowk road) in Jammu city has been worked out and compared with the plants growing at the reference location (New University Campus) to categorize plants as sensitive or resistant. The plants were analysed for leaf relative water content (RWC), ascorbic acid content (AA), total leaf chlorophyll (T Ch) and leaf extract pH to compute the APTI values which indicated that all plants belong to sensitive category as per the index range given by Gaikwad et al. (2006). The values of all the studied biochemical parameters and APTI has been observed to decline in the plants growing at polluted sites in comparison to plants growing at reference site. However, among the plant species growing at polluted site, Ficus religiosa has been observed to be comparatively more tolerant against ai...