Adsorption of salivary proteins onto prosthetic titanium components (original) (raw)
1995, The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry
In vivo adsorption of salivary proteins onto prosthetic titanium components was analyzed after exposure of titanium abutments to the oral environment for a period of 2 to 6 weeks. Gel electrophoresis and Western immunoblotting were used to separate and identify the proteins, which were mainly a-amylase and serum albumin. Selective adsorption of proteins enables attachment of specific oral bacteria and thus may alter the composition of the dental plaque formed on titanium surfaces. (J PROSTHET DENT 1995;74:531-4.) Plaque development on exposed surfaces of teeth and restoration materials begins with an acquired pellicle (AP). The AP consists primarily of glycoproteins, mucins, and enzymes present in saliva.l4 Ellingsen 5 demonstrated that serum proteins such as albumin and IgG are adsorbed by titanium surfaces. 5 In an in vitro study, Wolinsky et al. 6 found that larger amounts of salivary proteins adsorbed to enamel than to titanium. Electrostatic-type interaction between charged ions is one of the main routes in the formation of AP on teeth and other materials. 7 Thus, the greater quantities of salivary proteins adsorbing to enamel may be explained by the greater distribution of phosphate groups and calcium ions on enamel surfaces in relation to the titanium oxide layer. This can result in a reduced affinity between titanium and charged salivary proteins, s, 9 After the adsorption of the proteins, bacteria begin to adhere to the AP. 1~ A number of studies suggest that microorganisms selectively adhere to certain proteins. 10-15 In the oral cavity, different adsorbed salivary proteins may dictate which oral bacteria first adhere and how the plaque will develop. Because titanium and enamel differ in their engagement of salivary components, the plaque developing on a titanium surface and its potential pathogenicity may also differ. After stage II surgery, in which osseointegrated implants are exposed to the oral environment, a titanium healing abutment is connected to the implant.
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