Optimum solution for plastic waste reduction in Kabul city (original) (raw)
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Environment Challenges to Opportunities (Plastic Municipal Wastes to Products) in Kabul City
Paper, 2019
Developing countries around the world faces environment challenges where these challenge turn into opportunities in developed countries. Afghanistan home of 34 million (UNDP et al 2018) people confront contamination in potable water source and environment pollution from municipal wastes. Annual death causes by environment pollutions are rapidly increasing in Afghanistan. This situation endangers the future generation sustainability and keeping Afghanistan a liveable place. Four decades of continuing war kept Afghanistan researchers to find and implement solutions for environmental challenges Afghans encounter. To address the mentioned issues author suggested an innovative solution to turn municipal wastes to useful products. Implementing this solution can collaborates in improvement of municipal waste management and quality of afghan life in urban and rural areas, additionally creating employment opportunity. Environment pollution in Afghanistan is the major issue which highly contribute in air pollution and water source pollution. Lack of proper solid waste management along poor wastewater management system contribute in scaling up the problem in urban areas. Solution is designed for small community in Kabul the capital city of Afghanistan and home for 6 million people as sample which is applicable to similar situation communities in developing countries.
Current practices and futuristic options in plastic waste management in Pakistan
Central Asian Journal of Environmental Science and Technology Innovation, 2020
Waste Management (WM) is collecting, transportation to landfill, energy recovery, or recycling into useful products. • Economic growth, changing consumption and production patterns, result in an increase in the generation of waste plastics in the world. • Solutions include waste management, material reduction, design for recyclability, increase recycling capacity, waste reduction strategies, etc. This research determined the current understanding and concerns about plastic waste management and trends surrounding plastics use and looked into future priorities, challenges, and plastic waste management opportunities. The data were collected from observations made during visits to selected areas, structured interviews with relevant professionals, and a questionnaire filled by the stakeholders. Reliable national data on waste generation and composition that will inform effective planning on waste management in Abbottabad were absent. Data was collected about a waste generation on a regional basis, the physical composition of waste, sorting, and separation efficiency was done besides per capita of waste generation in selected households in each region. Plastic Waste (PW) quantification by weight was done on selected waste dump points in District Abbottabad. PW generation in peri-urban areas was 0.000102 t/person/day while in the urban area, it was 0.0704 t/year PW was generated. On the whole, the projected value of 59920.506t/year PW was produced by 1.5 million persons in Abbottabad annually. There is a need to redirect a large proportion of all solid waste (SW), especially PW, towards more environment-friendly recycling and recovery options. There are solutions, including material reduction, design for end-of-life recyclability, increased recycling capacity, strategies to reduce littering. Such measures will be the most effective through the public, industry, scientists, and policymakers' combined actions.
IJERT-Plastic Waste Menace and Ceptualization of Domestic Level Disposal
International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (IJERT), 2020
https://www.ijert.org/plastic-waste-menace-and-ceptualization-of-domestic-level-disposal https://www.ijert.org/research/plastic-waste-menace-and-ceptualization-of-domestic-level-disposal-IJERTV9IS060455.pdf Plastic waste is a very common problem in day to day life and it has grown out of proportion over the years in last few decades. If plastic waste is not getting serious attention for its disposal today, it will become a huge problem for the future generations due to its non-biodegradability. Generally, the plastic wastes consisting items like polythene, water bottles, packets, sachets and other kinds of plastics, particularly of small packaging formats, used in day to day life by billions of households and warrant its better designing and proper disposal to avoid plastic menace. The plastic waste let off uncared which also gets its way into drains, sewage, on the road and parks etc. usually become major causes logging and urban flooding as well as death of street animals. If the plastic wastes captured and disposed off at household level itself than the plastic waste volume may not only get reduced significantly but also the costs of its transportation and recycle would become cheap and easy. Ultimately this concept will certainly result in solving the major environmental problems. Thus, in this paper an attempt has been made to develop the concept to make easy the household collection of plastic wastes so as to protect the environment and make it healthy.
Journal of Research in Environmental and Earth Sciences, 2021
Plastic bag wastes pose serious environmental pollutions and health problems in humans and animals. The situation is worsened in economically disadvantaged countries like Somalia. The objective of this survey was to assess usage of plastic bags and their environmental impacts in Mogadishu City of Somalia. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 271 randomly selected respondents. The results indicated that the larger proportion (176, 76.52%) of the respondents used plastic bags more frequently than any other plastic products regardless of their age, occupation, and economic and educational status. Low price (159, 69.13%) and easy availability (152, 66.08%) were the main reasons for the widespread utilization of these products. Among the practices used for disposal of plastic bag wastes, open dumping to surrounding areas (137, 59.56%) was a practice widely used by almost all the residents of the city. Some of the major problems were animal death (167, 72.60%), blockage of sewage lines (162, 70.43%), deterioration of natural beauty of an environment (144, 62.60%) and human health problems (119, 51.73%). The findings of the present study also indicated that the trend of utilization of plastic bags is increasing from time to time in spite of a good deal of awareness of the residents about the adverse effects of these products. In order to reduce the problems associated with plastic bag wastes, it is recommended to educate the public (1) not to use plastic bags, and (2) to use eco-friendly alternative materials (bags) made from clothes, natural fibers and paper. City level legislation is also highly recommended against indiscriminate use and disposal of plastic bag wastes as well as to end free distribution of plastic bags by retailers. Key term Definitions: Plastics : are a group of materials, either synthetic or naturally occurring, that may be shaped when soft and then hardened to retain the given shape Wastes: unwanted or unusable material, substances, or by-products Health: is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. Environment: is condition of surroundings in which a person, animal, plant lives or operates.
(KAP)Survey on the usage of plastic bags, their disposal and impacts on the environment: A case study in the Capital Secretariat, Sana'a, Yemen, 2019
Research and policy interest in questions of environmental pollution is growing, especially plastic bag pollution. This international concern on the effect of plastic pollution in general lead to the announcement of the theme "beat plastic pollution'' for the World Environment Day 2018. The situation is indescribable in economically poor countries like Yemen where trash disposal and recycling are not highly regulated the proliferation of plastic bags has created dramatic environmental pollutions and health problems. In Capital Secretariat, most people use plastic bags for shopping purposes and keeping Qat. However, their excessive use leads to a large amount of plastic bag waste. the objective of this survey was to assess and gain an understanding of the usage of plastic bags, their disposal and environmental impacts in Sana'a city. this study used a semi semi-structured questionnaire to collect data from 200 randomly respondents. Data the analysis was done to the collected data and the results presented in tables and figures to highlight the major findings. this study found out that the larger proportion (162, 81.0%) of the respondents used plastic bags more frequently than any other plastic products regardless of their age, occupation, and economic and educational status and without any gender discrimination. Easy availability (100, 50.5%) and lack of alternative materials (78, 39.0%) were the main reasons for the widespread utilization of plastic bags products. Among the practices used for disposal of plastic bag wastes ,open dumping to surrounding areas (110, 55.0%) was the widest practice used by almost all the residents of the city .the major problems caused by plastic bags pollution were human health problems (115, 57.5) deterioration of natural beauty of the environment (114), blockage of sewage line(90, 45.0%) and animal death (33, 16.5%). Range of Recommendations are provided including the establishment of a recycling plant, creation of awareness and carrying out educational campaigns on the hazard that are occasioned by plastic bags, the use of environment R’s (Reduce, Reuse and Recycle) and support of policies, legislation, programs, and voluntary activities to minimize the effect of plastic bags pollution. Index Terms Terms— Capital Secretariat, plastic bags waste, environmental pollution, disposal practices, voluntary action.
Scientific Reviews and Chemical Communications, 2012
The quantum of plastic waste in Municipals Solid Waste is increasing due to increase in population, development activities and changes in the lifestyle. As plastic is non-biodegradable in nature, it remain in environment for several years and disposing plastic waste at landfill are unsafe since toxic chemicals leach out into the soil, underground water and pollute the water bodies. Therefore plastic waste disposal is the major problem for the civic authorities.
Plastic bag wastes pose serious environmental pollutions and health problems in humans and animals. The situation is worsened in economically disadvantaged countries like Somalia. The objective of this survey was to assess usage of plastic bags and their environmental impacts in Mogadishu City of Somalia. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 271 randomly selected respondents. The results indicated that the larger proportion (176, 76.52%) of the respondents used plastic bags more frequently than any other plastic products regardless of their age, occupation, and economic and educational status. Low price (159, 69.13%) and easy availability (152, 66.08%) were the main reasons for the widespread utilization of these products. Among the practices used for disposal of plastic bag wastes, open dumping to surrounding areas (137, 59.56%) was a practice widely used by almost all the residents of the city. Some of the major problems were animal death (167, 72.60%), blockage of sewage lines (162, 70.43%), deterioration of natural beauty of an environment
USING AND RECYCLING PLASTIC WASTE IMPACT ON ENVIRONMENT AND INFORMAL ECONOMY IN DHAKA CITY
International Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research (IJSER). Volume 11, Issue 7, July 2020 Edition., 2020
Abstract-Bangladesh is a developing and densely populated country. The process of urbanization is increasing day by day in this country. Dhaka is one of the most heavily occupied cities in the world. For this reason, there are huge environmental problems. Waste is widespread problem of Dhaka city. Over population and enormous consumption lead to large quantities of waste. Waste management is one of the most instant and serious problems of Dhaka city corporation. Plastic waste is an important issue in all countries now-a-days. Reducing or even prohibiting the plastic usage in daily life has been carried out by several countries to help creating a better environment in the future, but recently it has not been able to significantly reduce the volume of plastic waste worldwide. Recycling is one of the solutions to reduce the plastic waste. Plastic waste has huge adverse impact on natural environment because they usually don't biodegrade and remain unchanged for even millions of years. But recycling the plastic waste and reusing them can be a convenient informal business and provide employment for poor and needy. This paper tends to find out the adverse impacts of plastic waste to the environment and also how recycling plastic and other solid waste can contribute to informal economy. And finally, some recommendations have been prescribed.
Case Study on Plastic Pollution -Reuse, Reduce and Recycling Process and Methods
TRJ, 2021
The problem of plastic pollution is increasing day to day. Research has shown that the use of plastic has increased quite rapidly in the last two Decades. The use of plastic has increased a lot with the changing life style, easy to use and economical. The increasing demand of plastic has also invited a number of companies to make plastic products rapidly. Plastic is a non-bio degradable material, it remains in its form for many years in soil as well as in water, this accumulation of plastic products in the atmosphere causes pollution known as Plastic pollution. Plastic pollution causes ill effects on human as well as on animal life. The plastic pollution is a very serious problem facing by the world in many areas, related with the soil, water or air. The toxicity of the plastic is very serious and to stop the spread, first of all it needs creating awareness in the society, working on effective and economical plastic waste management system and renewable process.
The Future Policy of Sustainable Plastic Waste Management in South Kalimantan Province
Al-Adl : Jurnal Hukum
Plastic waste management is currently a major problem in several countries, especially in Indonesia. Because plastic waste cannot be decomposed. In South Kalimantan which is a wetland area, plastic waste is a serious problem that must be handled by the local government, due to the nature of wetlands that have a high water content or are inundated by water, either permanently or seasonally. The Non-decomposition of plastic waste will destroy wetlands. The specific objectives to be achieved are: (1) The legal policies that local governments take manage plastic waste in South Kalimantan. (2) The ideal future policy of plastic waste management to preserve the sustainability of wetlands. The method used to compile this research is doctrinal legal research. Legal research here does not merely examine the law as a statutory rule but also examines how the law has a positive effect on people's lives. The result shows that in drafting future policy/law the viewpoint must be established th...