A preliminary checklist of the family Sphingidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea) recorded from Shirui hills, Manipur, India. (original) (raw)

Abstract

The northeast Indian state Manipur lies in between 23°83'-25°68' N and 93°03'-94°78' E bounded by Nagaland on the north, Assam on the west, on the south, and along the east with Myanmar sharing about 352 km long international border. It covers a total geographical area of 22,327 km 2 of which 17,418 km 2 (78.01%) is under forest cover. Geographically, Manipur is divided into mountain ranges running north to south and a central plain-the valley of Imphal. The altitude of hills ranges from 833m to 3017m. The Manipur is part of the eastern Himalayan Biodiversity Hotspot and considered to be rich in floral and faunal diversity. The region is often known as a hot spot of biodiversity of economically important insects. An attempt was made to know the species diversity of Sphingidae inhabiting the Temperate forest of Shirui hills, Ukhrul district Manipur. Sphingidae are medium to large-sized, heavy-bodied moths with long, narrow, pointed triangular forewing and a short, smaller hind wing which makes them agile fliers. The large eye, powerful thorax, and sharply pointed abdomen, the graceful, high-bred appearance of the whole creature, can hardly be mistaken (Bell and Scott, 1937

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References (169)

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  41. Theretra tibetiana Vaglia and Haxaire, 2010 -Tibetian Hunter Hawkmoth (Figure 3: H; Figure 5: B) 2010. Theretra tibetiana Vaglia and Haxaire, in Vaglia, Haxaire, Kitching and Liyous, European Entomologist, 3(1): 21.
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  44. 4407ºE), 2036 m asl, 24.vii.2019 -2♂, 1♀, IJ1398, IJ1399, IJ1400, 13.ix.2019 -2♀, IJ1405, IJ2335; Site 3 (25.1171ºN 94.4456ºE), 2190 m asl, 24.vii.2019 -2♂, 1♀, IJ1153, IJ1155, IJ2322, 13.ix.2019 -1♂, 1♀, IJ2323, IJ2324; Site 4 (25.1112ºN 94.4534ºE), 2425 m asl, 25.vii.2019 - 2♂, 2♀,IJ1586, IJ1590, IJ1591, IJ1595, coll. J.S. Irungbam. Wingspan: ♂, 93 -110 mm. Forewing length: 44 -47 mm. Distribution: India: Arunachal Pradesh, Ladakh, Sikkim (Sanyal et al., 2018);
  45. Assam (Arandhara et al., 2017);
  46. Himachal Pradesh, West Bengal (Chandra et al., 2014);
  47. Manipur; Meghalaya (Mandal and Ghosh, 1999);
  48. Uttarakhand (Smetacek, 1994, 2008). Elsewhere: Nepal (Kishida, 1998);
  49. Bhutan (Irungbam and Irungbam, 2019);
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  54. Cechetra minor (Butler, 1875) -Lesser Green Hawkmoth (Figure 3: N; Figure 5: D) 1875. Chaerocampa (sic) minor Butler, Proc. zool. Soc. Lond., 1875: 249. Material examined: INDIA, Manipur, Ukhrul District, Shirui Hills, Site 1 (25.1264ºN 94.4357ºE), 1930 m asl, 23.vii.2019 -2 ♂, 2 ♀, IJ1407, IJ1847, IJ1848, IJ1849; Site 2 (25.1235ºN 94.4407ºE), 2036 m asl, 24.vii.2019 -1 ♂, IJ1401; Site 3 (25.1171ºN 94.4456ºE), 2190 m asl, 24.vii.2019 -2 ♂, IJ1159, IJ1160; Site 4 (25.1112ºN
  55. 4534ºE), 2425 m asl., 25.vii.2019 -2 ♂, IJ1596, IJ1597, coll. J.S. Irungbam. Wingspan: ♂, 76 -80 mm. Forewing length: 36 -38 mm. Distribution: India: Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim (Sanyal et al., 2018);
  56. Himachal Pradesh, West Bengal (Chandra et al., 2014); Manipur; Meghalaya (Mandal and Ghosh, 1999);
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  63. Rhagastis albomarginatus albomarginatus (Rothschild, 1894) -Pale-Edged Mottled Hawkmoth (Figure 3: O) 1894. Metopsilus albomarginatus Rothschild, Novitates Zoologicae, 1: 78. Checklist of the family Sphingidae Latreille, 1802 (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea) from Shirui Hills, Manipur, India Material examined: INDIA, Manipur, Ukhrul District, Shirui Hills, Site 1 (25.1264ºN 94.4357ºE), 1930 m asl, 23.vii.2019 -1 ♂, IJ1419, coll. J.S. Irungbam. Wingspan: ♂, 70 mm. Forewing length: 34 mm. Distribution: India: Arunachal Pradesh (Athreya, 2013);
  64. Manipur; Meghalaya (Chandra et al., 2014);
  65. Sikkim (Sanyal et al., 2018). Elsewhere: Nepal (Kishida, 1998);
  66. Bhutan (Irungbam and Irungbam, 2019);
  67. Hong Kong (Kendrick, 2002; Kendrick and Young, 2014);
  68. Myanmar, China, Sumatra, Java, Borneo (Pittaway and Kitching, 2020). Larval hostplants: Hydrangea spp. (Hydrangeaceae) in north-eastern India (Bell and Scott, 1937). Remarks: The species is recorded here for the first time from Manipur.
  69. Rhagastis castor aurifera (Butler, 1875) -Common Mottled Hawkmoth (Figure 3: P) 1875. Pergesa aurifera Butler, Proc. zool. Soc. Lond.: 7. Material examined: INDIA, Manipur, Ukhrul District, Shirui Hills, Site 2 (25.1235°N 94.4407°E), 2036 m asl, 24.vii.2019 -1 ♂, IJ1161; Site 3 (25.1171ºN 94.4456ºE), 2190
  70. m asl, 24.vii.2019 -1 ♂, IJ1417, 13.ix.2019 -1 ♂, IJ2292, coll. J.S. Irungbam. Wingspan: ♂, 70 mm. Forewing length: 32 mm. Distribution: India: Arunachal Pradesh (Athreya, 2013);
  71. Assam (Arandhara et al., 2017); Manipur; Meghalaya (Mandal and Ghosh, 1999);
  72. Sikkim (Dudgeon, 1886);
  73. Uttarakhand (Smetacek, 1994, 2008; Sanyal et al., 2018). Elsewhere: Nepal (Kishida, 1998);
  74. Bhutan (Irungbam and Irungbam, 2019);
  75. Thailand (Inoue et al., 1997);
  76. southern China, Vietnam (Kitching and Spitzer, 1995). Larval hostplants: Amorphophallus spp. (Araceae) and Vitis spp. (Vitiaceae) in India (Bell and Scott, 1937). Remarks: The species is recorded here for the first time from Manipur.
  77. Rhagastis confusa Rothschild and Jordan, 1903 - Indistinct Mottled Hawkmoth (Figure 3: Q) 1903. Rhagastis confusa Rothschild andJordan, Novit. zool., 9 (suppl.): 793 (key), 795. Material examined: INDIA, Manipur, Ukhrul District, Shirui Hills, Site 3 (25.1171ºN 94.4456ºE), 2190 m asl, 13.ix.2019 -2 ♂, IJ2293, IJ2294, coll. J.S. Irungbam. Wingspan: ♂, 76 mm. Forewing length: 37 mm. Distribution: India: Arunachal Pradesh (Athreya, 2013);
  78. Assam, Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim (Chandra et al., 2014); Manipur; Meghalaya (Mandal and Ghosh, 1999);
  79. Uttarakhand (Smetacek, 1994, 2008);
  80. West Bengal (Shah et al., 2018). Elsewhere: Northern Pakistan (Rafi et al., 2014); Nepal (Kishida, 1998);
  81. Bhutan (Irungbam and Irungbam, 2019);
  82. Thailand (Inoue et al., 1997), southwestern China (Pittaway and Kitching, 2020);
  83. northern Vietnam (Kitching and Spitzer, 1995). Larval hostplants: Vitis spp. (Vitiaceae) in India (Bell and Scott, 1937). Remarks: The species is recorded here for the first time from Manipur.
  84. Rhagastis olivacea (Moore, 1857) -Olive Mottled Hawkmoth (Figure 3: R) 1872. Pergesa olivacea Moore, Proc. zool. Soc. Lond.: 567. Material examined: INDIA, Manipur, Ukhrul District, Shirui Hills, Site 1 (25.1264ºN 94.4357ºE), 1930 m asl, 23.vii.2019 -2 ♂, IJ1418, IJ1850; Site 4 (25.1112ºN
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