Study of Coordination on Protection Relay in High Voltage Transmission 150 kV (Payakumbuh – Koto Padang, West Sumatra) (original) (raw)
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The coordination of overcurrent relay protection in the power framework is crucial for preserving electrical distribution systems. It ensures that both primary and backup protection are provided to the system. It is essential to maintain a minimal level of coordination between these relays in order to reduce the overall running time and guarantee that power outages and damage are kept to a minimum under fault conditions. Proper coordination between the primary and backup relays can minimize the operation duration of overcurrent with instantaneous and earth fault relays by selecting the optimum TMS (Time Multiplier Setting) and PS (Plug Setting). The present study investigates the difficulty associated with determining the TMS and PS values of earth-fault and overcurrent relays at the 33/11 kV power distribution substation in Basra using the instantaneous setting element. Overcurrent and earth fault relays were simulated in two scenarios: one with a time delay setting and one with an immediate setting. This procedure was carried out to generate Time Current Characteristics (TCC) curves for each Circuit Breaker (CB) relay took place in the Nathran substation, which has a capacity of 2×31.5 MVA and operates at a voltage level of 33/11 kV. The substation is a part of the Basrah distribution network. The short circuit current is estimated at each circuit breaker (CB), followed by the simulation of protection coordination for the Nathran substation using the DIgSILENT Power Factory software. This research is based on real data collection, and the setting considers the short-circuit current at the farthest point of the longest feeders. The results show the effectiveness of the proposed coordination scheme, which reduced trip operation time by 20% compared to the presented case study while maintaining coordination between primary and backup protection.
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To make an electrical system reliable and cost-effective, its protection coordination is crucial. Protection coordination is a study to determine the trip settings of protective devices. This research proposes protection coordination for Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Sindh. This study includes the coordination of relays connected at each department to the main relay connected with the main vacuum circuit breakers (VCB) by using the time characteristic curves (TCC) and time delay setting of relays using ETAP software. This method is used for the trip of a particular circuit breaker at a proper time. Hence, if a fault occurs in any department only that department will bedis connected, and the rest of the departments will remain in a working condition. This study helps to maintain the system’s high reliability.
gazi university journal of science, 2017
Protection coordination is the heart of all power systems. To insure a quality and reliable operation of the power systems, an electrical fault must be cleared within short time. This can be achieved by proper coordination between the protection relays. In Siddik Kardesler Substation the MV voltage feeders’ protection is provided by overcurrent relays. This paper is principally concerned with practical protection coordination of the electrical substation by using substation as case study. In the Part-2, distance and differential protection will be discussed. Finally, after test and commissioning, the substation is successfully energized without problem.
2021
A high voltage protection system is designed to protect the system against the hazards like instant high voltage condition like lightening voltage in the rain, power variation in the transmission lines etc. In these conditions, our system may face a voltage twice and thrice greater than its original nominal ratings. In this paper, performance of four different relays (overcurrent relay, over and under voltage relay, distance relay and differential relay) have been calculated based on operating time in 400KV high voltage AC transmission line of 80-250km under different faults, modeled on MATLAB for the identification of different types of faults in a transmission line. These relays can differentiate between the normal operating condition and fault conditions. In this paper simulation comparison of these four relays is presented by comparing their operating time in Single line to ground fault (LG), three phase fault (LLLG) and Double phase to ground fault (LLG). The output waveforms a...
Research Square (Research Square), 2024
The novel method based on optimal overcurrent relay settings and coordination for effective substation relays in interconnected power systems was designed and developed. In this paper, the feeder impedance equivalences, phase-tophase fault currents, current settings of 110kV incoming and 15kV outgoing feeders, and operating times for relay characteristics (standard, very, and extremely inverse of overcurrent relay) of the power network were computed and determined. The maximum fault current of the interconnected power grids was considered. The network MVA short circuit was considered with both positive and negative sequence impedance of the feeder. The power system parameters like X/R ratio, current transformer (CT) ratio, transmission line length, positive & zero-sequence resistances, positive & zerosequence inductances, full load current, line capacity, CT ratio for outgoing feeders, grid frequency, and real power were also considered and deployed in the power network. To ensure safety, reliable, and rapid operation of overcurrent relays, settings such as pickup value, time setting multiplier (TMS) of 0.05sec, and overcurrent relay (OCR) characteristics were carefully considered. The selection and determination of OCR characteristics were taken into account by calculating the fault current levels of each fault location percentage based on feeder impedance, turn CT ratio, and pickup values. The results proved that the OCRs coordination interval time to fastest clear faults was between 0.0927 sec-0.062 sec, 0.0949 sec-0.0720 sec, and 0.0764 sec-0.0661 sec for extremely, very, and standard inverse relays, respectively.
Protective Relay Coordination of High Voltage Power Systems with Renewable Generation
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The main goal of this paper is to propose a set of methods and to explain scripts developed in MATLAB and macros developed using the "Computer-Aided Protection Engineering” (CAPE), with the purpose of studying, autonomously and automatically, the distance relay behavior when a fault is simulated in the network. All the distance relays in a High Voltage Network are analyzed in this short-circuit study and the most important generation profiles, with greater infeed variation, for each distance relay, are identified. Macros were developed to identify and model the generation in the network that effectively contributes to a fault. Very High Voltage generation was modeled and also the wind generation for each network topology and simulated fault, fulfilling the imposed limitations of the Portuguese legislation. The zones of each distance relay are probabilistically coordinated, using a methodology developed in the nineties for transmission networks and applied to the Portuguese Tran...
Three zone detection and distance relay co-ordination of power system protection
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE), 2021
To secure the transmission lines against power system faults, the distance relays are mostly used. Distance relay has its own resistance (R)-reactance (X)-characteristics. Coordination of different distance relays is necessary for the fast operation of circuit breaker. Various distance relays which are being tripped with respect to circuit breakers which are attached at individual buses faraway from each other. These relays will be operated with respect to the distance between the occurred fault and relay location. In this paper, detection of three zones using relay characteristics, coordination of distance relays and circuit breakers are shown with the faults placed at different locations of an IEEE 9 bus system using MATLAB/Simulink GUI environment. A comparison also made between the relays performance and circuit breaker tripping operation with respect to severe faults at different locations on IEEE 9 bus system. 1. INTRODUCTION With day by day increase in power demand, results the power system to be more stressed. Due to these sudden increase in power demand where the power generation remains constant for a short period of time, the power system experiencing major disturbances like heavily loaded, cascaded outage of lines which may allow to grids blackout [1]. Inorder to prevent darkness due to blackout, it is essential to block the multiple outages of lines [2, 3]. Distance Relays are mostly used protection system for transmission lines, which are also play a crucial role in preserve the security as well as reliability of supply [4, 5]. Distance Relays will provide three zone schemes of protection. Compared to the first and second zones, third zone is vulnerable and will have a wide area of protection [5]. Due to any disturbance, the impedance identified by relay will go in for the third zone of mho relay characteristics, the relay will consider as a fault and relay operates which it should not. This maloperation of relay under stressed conditions can cause blackout [6-8]. So, it is necessary to detect the zones of the relay before blocking of the relay maloperation. By using conventinal relays, the circuit breakers will trip the supply to the nearby fault whch is required and inaddition the circuit breakers connected faraway from severe fault may also trip the supply which is not required [9]. This interrupted power supply from the source to the loadends may effect the consumer side products [10-12]. Inorder to reduce this effect, the relays and circuit breakers should be in coordination. The distance relay and respective circuit breaker should respond only if the fault is near to the relay, called as primary relay but not to be operated if the fault is faraway from the relay, it should need to operate only if the
Modeling and Simulation of a Coordinated Power System Protection using Overcurrent Relay
Nigerian Research Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences (RJEES) , 2022
The efficient and reliable operation of a protection system cannot be overemphasized as any shortfall in such system has both huge financial implications and makes the station dangerous and unsafe. The data for the overcurrent relay coordination analysis used in this study was obtained from the Ohiya Umuahia 132/33 kV substation of the Transmission Company of Nigeria (TCN) while the electric transient analyzer program (ETAP) software was used for the analysis. Firstly, a three-phase (3-phase) short circuit test was conducted on the network at the 33 kV busbar. Then, a detailed sequence of operation of the station’s overcurrent relays was done for standard inverse relay setting, very inverse relay setting and extremely inverse relay setting characteristics. Results showed that at t = 0 seconds a 3-phase fault of initial symmetrical current root mean square (RMS) of 3.049 kA, peak value of 7.746 kA and a steady state value of 2.615 kA was induced on the 33 kV busbar, which lasted till t = 0.2 seconds upon action of the circuit breaker. Also, results showed that the individual time current curve (TCC) for the three relays indicated a fault current of 7.746 kA which lasted for 3.57, 3.57 and 3.28 seconds on the network respectively. Effective device coordination of the 132/33 kV transmission station is an appropriate sequence of operation of its protective devices.
2019
Overcurrent relays (OCRs) are one of the most common protective devices implemented in power systems to protect electrical components from faults. In order to obtain much improved protection by these protective devices, a precise coordination of these systems must be applied. One of the problems in power systems, which is very common, is when a fault occurs in a plant, and two, three or even several OCRs operate instead of the designated relay at that particular fault location. In this work, the technical data of 2X15MVA, 33/11KV Maitama injection substation was collected and used for modelling relay coordination for the station. After the coordination, the result shows that 33KV feeder will trip on over current and earth faults if the secondary current of the CT exceeds 1.32A and 0.264A within 0.021s and 0.00167 respectively. For the 11KV outgoing feeder, it will trip on over current and earth faults if the secondary current of the CT exceeds 0.88A and 264mA within 12.5ms and 1.7ms...