Inonotus obliquus Polysaccharides Inhibited Cellular Growth of NCI-H23 and A549 Lung Cancer Cells Through G0/G1 Cell Cycle Arrest and ROS Mediated Cell Death (original) (raw)
Related papers
International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms, 2011
The medicinal mushroom Chaga, Inonotus obliquus (Pers.:Fr.) Pilát (Hymenochaetaceae), has been used in folk medicine in Russia, Poland, and most of the Baltic countries, as a cleansing and disinfecting measure, and as decoctions for stomach diseases, intestinal worms, liver and heart ailments, and cancer treatment. Many reports have been published concerning the health promoting functions of this mushroom, including antibacterial, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and antioxidant activities. The purpose of the present study was evaluation of in vitro anticancer activity of fraction IO4 isolated from I. obliquus. The effect on cell proliferation, motility and viability was assessed in a range of cancer and normal cells. Chaga fraction prepared from dried fruiting bodies was subjected to anticancer evaluation in human lung carcinoma (A549), colon adenocarcinoma (HT-29), and rat glioma (C6) cell cultures. Human skin fibroblasts (HSF), bovine aorta endothelial cells (BAEC), models of rat oligodendrocytes (OLN-93), hepatocytes (Fao), rat astroglia, and mouse neurons (P19) were applied to test toxicity in normal cells. The following methods were applied: tumor cell proliferation (MTT assay and BrdU assay), cytotoxicity (LDH assay), tumor cell motility (wound assay), tumor cell morphology (May-Grünwald-Giemsa staining), and death detection (ELISA). Chaga fraction elicited anticancer effects which were attributed to decreased tumor cell proliferation, motility and morphological changes induction. Of note is the fact that it produced no or low toxicity in tested normal cells. The data presented could open interesting paths for further investigations of fraction IO4 as a potential anticancer agent.
Frontiers in Oncology
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cancer in females and the third in males worldwide. Conventional therapy of CRC is limited by severe side effects and by the development of resistance. Therefore, additional therapies are needed in order to combat the problem of selectivity and drug resistance in CRC patients. Inula viscosa (IV) is a well-known medicinal perennial herb in traditional medicine. It is used for different therapeutic purposes, such as; topical anti-inflammatic, diuretic, hemostatic, antiseptic, antiphlogistic, and in the treatment of diabetes. Several studies attempted to reveal the anti-cancer activity of different extracts prepared by different organic solvents from different parts of the IV plant. The aim of the present study is to examine the potential beneficial effects of IV leaf aqueous extract on the growth of colon cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. The results indicated that exposure of colorectal cancer cells to IV extract, significantly reduced cell viability in a dose and time dependent manner. Moreover, treatment of cells with 300 µg/ml of IV extract induced apoptosis, as it was detected by Annexin V/FITC/PI, TUNEL assay, and the activation of caspases. In vivo studies revealed that treatment with 150 or 300 mg/kg IV extract inhibited tumor growth in mice transplanted with MC38 cells. Tumors' weight and volume were significantly (P < 0.001) reduced when compared to untreated-control group. Staining of the paraffin section of tumors revealed that IV treatment inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis. Additionally, no side effects such as; weight loss, behavior changes, ruffled fur or changes in kidney, and liver functions were observed. These results may indicate that active doses of IV extract are not toxic. Further studies are needed in order to identify the structure of the active compounds. Results from this study may contribute to the development of new and efficient strategies for treatment of human colon cancer.
Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Veterinary Medicine, 2008
The aim of this study was to establish the in vitro effects of natural extracts containing vitamin E (wheat germ oil), vitamin A (carotenoid complex) and pycnogenols (GSE-grape seed extract), on Wistar rat Walker sarcoma 256 ascitic cells. The treatments were administrated in different doses and time intervals. The analysis was performed by flow cytometry, studying the apoptosis dynamics, with Annexin V-FITC Apoptosis Detection Kit I from BD Biosciences Pharmigen. The data were collected and analysed on a Becton Dickinson flow-cytometer. The results obtained revealed that, with time exposure to the natural extracts, the number of viable tumoral cells decreased and the number of apoptotic cells increased. In vitro treatment with GSE had the most significant result on the number of apoptotic cells, after 72 hours of treatment, when the maximum percentage of apoptosis (50,40%) was obtained, while the control culture presented a percentage of 3.45% of apoptotic cells. The maximum percentage of apoptosis under the treatment with vitamin E and vitamin A was obtained after 48 h of treatment, 20,14%, respectively, 16,89%. Our results suggest that these natural extracts (containing vitamines A, E and pycnogenols) have a stimulating effect on the apoptosis of in vitro rat tumoral cells. Further in vitro researches, will highlight the effects of these natural extracts on human tumoral cells. In the future, such natural extracts could be used as complementary therapy for cancer.
Heliyon
Ocimum sanctum (OS) is tropical herbal plant which is easy to find and widely used as a vegetable food in Indonesia. In last decade, lung adenocarcinoma was in top position as male cancer disease in Indonesia. Recently, emerging data showing the extracts of different species of Ocimum exhibiting the anti-tumor properties. Further studies on lung lewis carcinoma demonstrated pro-apoptosis effects after the treatment with Ocimum extracts. However, the effect of OS of Indonesian origin in human alveolar pulmonary adenocarcinoma A549 cells remain unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate effects of ethanolic extract OS (EEOS) in A549 cell culture systems. Cell adhesion and viability assays revealed that EEOS significantly decreased the attachment into extracellular matrix of A549 cells. Morphological examination AO/EB and DAPI staining indicated that EEOS induced the cells shrinkage, DNA fragmentation and condensation of A549 cells. Further, EEOS treatment induced the apoptosis rate followed by up-regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), caspase-3 expression and decreased antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2. This condition also suppressed the expression of SOD2 as well as the GPx. In conclusion, our findings indicate that EEOS suppressed the viability of A549 cells, which may result from the activation of ROS promoting the apoptosis signaling via mitochondrial intrinsic pathway. Taken together, EEOS might be a good therapeutic potential to further understand its properties in the treatment of lung carcinoma.
Biomolecules, 2020
Combining phytochemicals with chemotherapics is an emerging strategy to treat cancer to overcome drug toxicity and resistance with natural compounds. We assessed the effects of indicaxanthin (Ind), a pigment obtained from Opuntia ficus-indica (L. Mill) fruit, combined with cisplatin (CDDP) against cervical cancer cells (HeLa). Measured cell viability via Trypan blue assay; cell morphology via fluorescence microscopy; apoptosis, cell cycle, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and cell redox balance via flow-cytometry; expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins via western blot. Cell viability assays and Chou-Talalay plot demonstrated that the combination of CDDP and Ind had synergistic cytotoxic effects. Combined treatment had significant effects (p < 0.05) on phosphatidylserine externalization, cell morphological changes, cell cycle arrest, fall in MMP, ROS production and GSH decay compared with the individual treatment groups. Bax, cytochrome c, p53 and p21waf1 were over...
The in vitro and in vivo apoptotic effects of Mahonia oiwakensis on human lung cancer cells
Chemico-Biological Interactions, 2009
Both the root and stem bark of Mahonia species were popular folk medicines. The plant has several proven biological activities including anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, and anti-inflammatory effects. However, Mahonia has not been studied for its anticancer effects. In the present study, we made extracts from Mahonia oiwakensis (MOE), a selected species in Taiwan, and investigated their effects on various human lung cells. We found that MOE-induced apoptotic death in human A549 non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cells in a dose-and time-dependent manner. Treatment with the extracts also caused an increase in the sub-G1 fraction of cells, chromosome condensation, and DNA fragmentation. The mitochondrialmediated pathway was implicated in this MOE-induced apoptosis as evidenced by the activation of the caspase cascade, cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential, and release of cytochrome C. A higher ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 proteins and cleavage of Bid were also observed in MOE-induced cell apoptosis. In A549 tumor-xenografted nude mice, MOE also retarded in vivo proliferation (P < 0.05) and induced apoptosis in tumor cells, as shown by a decrease in Ki-67-positive staining (P < 0.05) and increased transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL)-positive staining (P < 0.05). In conclusion, MOE inhibits the growth of human lung cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that it may have therapeutic potential against human lung cancer.
World Journal of Nephrology and Urology
Background: To investigate if medicinal Poria mushroom extract (PE) would be a potential therapeutic agent against renal cell carcinoma (RCC) as it has been shown to have anticancer/antitumor activity with few side effects. We examined its anticancer effect on RCC as well as its potential anticancer mechanism in vitro. Methods: Anticancer effect of PE was first assessed by the dosedependent effects (0-200 µg/mL) on human RCC, ACHN cells. Its anticancer mechanism was then explored focusing on specific biochemical and molecular parameters Results: PE concentrations ≥ 100 µg/mL led to 50-90% reduction in cell viability, accompanied by a significant decrease in hexokinase activity and cellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) level, implying the inhibition of glycolysis. The key metabolic regulators, adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK), protein kinase B (Akt), and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), were specifically modulated by PE. These results were indicative of subsequent growth cessation and cell death. Cell cycle analysis also revealed a G 1 cell cycle arrest and the upregulation of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), and glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), indicated induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Ultimately, such ER stress led to apoptosis, evidenced by proteolytic activation of caspase-3 (Csp-3) and poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP). Conclusions: PE has anticancer effect on ACHN cells, resulting in the significant reduction in cell viability. Its anticancer mechanism appears to be linked to glycolysis inhibition, modulations of metabolic pathways, and ER stress-induced apoptosis.
Oncology Letters, 2016
Clinical trials have revealed that molecular iodine (I 2) has beneficial effects in fibrocystic breast disease and in cyclic mastalgia. Likewise, povidone-iodine (PVP-I), which is widely used in clinical practice as an antiseptic agent following tumour surgery, has been demonstrated to have cytotoxic effects on colon cancer and ascites tumour cells. Our previous study indicated that the growth of breast cancer and seven other human malignant cell lines was variably diminished by I 2 and iodolactones. With the intention of developing an iodine-based anticancer therapy, the present investigations extended these studies by comparing the cytotoxic capacities of I 2 , potassium iodide (KJ), PVP-I and Lugol's solution on various human carcinoma cell lines. Upon staining the cell nuclei with Hoechst 33342, the cell densities were determined microscopically. While KJ alone did not affect cell proliferation, it enhanced the antiproliferative activity of I 2. In addition, PVP-I significantly inhibited the proliferation of human MCF-7 breast carcinoma, IPC melanoma, and A549 and H1299 lung carcinoma cells in a concentration corresponding to 20 µM I 2. Likewise, Lugol's solution in concentrations corresponding to 20-80 µM I 2 were observed to reduce the growth of MCF-7 cells. Experiments with fresh human blood samples revealed that the antiproliferative activity of PVP-I and I 2 is preserved in blood plasma to a high degree. These findings suggest that PVP-I, Lugol's solution, and a combination of iodide and I 2 may be potent agents for use in the development of antitumour strategies.
2017-Antitumor potential of someselective medicinal plants on experimental tumor ascitesl.pdf
Background: Conventional anticancer chemotherapy is limited due to the associated with toxicity. Exploring new agents which can lower toxicity and enhance the efficacy of anticancer drug is of a paramount significance. Aim: Evaluate the antitumor activities of extracts of medicinal plants including green tea, chamomile, black cumin seeds, and wheat bran, as well as their capability to lower the toxicity induced by the conventional chemotherapeutic drugs cisplatin (CIS). Materials and Methods: The antitumor effects of these extracts were evaluated in in vitro and in vivo assays using Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cells. In vitro studies, the cell viability and the expression of apoptosis-related genes Bad, Bax, Bcl-2, and Bcl-xL were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction technique. EAC cells were injected into mice followed by treatment with injection of CIS and oral administration of each extract or in combination. Results: The content of polyphenolic compounds in green tea, chamomile, black cumin, and wheat bran were 1200, 315, 35, and 20 mg/100 g of dry weight, respectively. Their 50% of inhibitory concentration values were 13.5, 30, 350, and 1060 mg/mL, respectively. The polyphenolic compounds suppressed EAC viability in vitro associated with up-regulation of Bad and Bax and down-regulation of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL. Treatment of EAC tumor-bearing mice with these extracts associated with increases in the mean survival time of mice as well as increases and decreases in the numbers of dead and live EAC cells, respectively. The antitumor effect of a combinatorial treatment of the extracts together or with CIS was higher than those of single treatment. The hepatic and renal glutathione peroxidase and antioxidant capacity were significantly increased after treatment with the extracts. Conclusion: The extracts of these medicinal plants have potential antitumor effects when used in combination and can ameliorate the toxic effect of chemotherapy through antioxidant effects while enhance its antitumor effect through apoptotic effects.
An essential oil from a lemon grass variety of Cymbopogon flexuosus (CFO) and its major chemical constituent sesquiterpene isointermedeol (ISO) were investigated for their ability to induce apoptosis in human leukaemia HL-60 cells because dysregulation of apoptosis is the hallmark of cancer cells. CFO and ISO inhibited cell proliferation with 48 h IC50 of∼30 and 20 �g/ml, respectively. Both induced concentration dependent strong and early apoptosis as measured by various end-points, e.g. annexinV binding, DNA laddering, apoptotic bodies formation and an increase in hypo diploid sub-G0 DNA content during the early 6 h period of study. This could be because of early surge in ROS formation with concurrent loss of mitochondrial membrane potential observed. Both CFO and ISO activated apical death receptors TNFR1, DR4 and caspase-8 activity. Simultaneously, both increased the expression of mitochondrial cytochrome c protein with its concomitant release to cytosol leading to caspase-9 acti...