Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks (ISWN): Requirements and Solutions (original) (raw)
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Survey and systematic mapping of industrial Wireless Sensor Networks
Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 2017
The Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is an infrastructure comprised of sensing, computing, and communication devices, that obtain and process data to help understand the behavior of the monitored environment, and to react to events and phenomena that occur in it. The WSN can be used in domains such as agriculture, energy, industrial automation, medical health care, smart building, and so on. In industry, the characteristics of the wireless channel are different in comparison to other WSN environments, such as home and office environments. The use of WSN in industry is subject to typical problems of wireless communications, such as noise, shadowing, multipath fading and interference. In addition, the wireless channel in many industrial environments is non-stationary for a long term, which can cause abrupt changes in the characteristics of the channel over time. A set of standards was developed for industrial WSN, to overcome these limitations, such as WirelessHART, ISA100.11a, WIA-PA, and IEEE 802.15.4e. All the mentioned standards are based on the IEEE 802.15.4 physical layer, but define different mechanisms for the upper layers. However, according to recent publications, problems still can arise in the deployment of networks that follow the standards, because of multipath effects, and interference. This survey provides a structured overview of the standards used to implement industrial WSN, their advantages and drawbacks, and discusses the characteristics of the wireless channel in industrial environments. Finally, a systematic mapping is described, that presents results of publications about industrial WSN, and highlights important topics to be studied in this field.
Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks
International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, 2014
Industrial wireless sensor networks (IWSNs) incorporate wireless sensor networks with intelligent industrial systems providing many advantages over existing industrial applications, such as wireless communication, low cost, rapid deployment, self-organization, intelligent controlling, and processing capability. With the proliferation of wireless sensor networks in industrial applications, IWSNs technologies promise to play a significant role in developing more reliable, efficient, stable, flexible, and application-centric industrial systems.
IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 2014
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are applicable in numerous domains, including industrial automation where WSNs may be used for monitoring and control of industrial plants and equipment. However, the requirements in the industrial systems differ from the general WSN requirements. In recent years, standards have been defined by several industrial alliances. These standards are specified as frameworks with modifiable parts that can be defined based on the particular application of WSN. However, limited work has been done on defining industryspecific protocols that could be used as a part of these standards. In this survey, we discuss representative protocols that meet some of the requirements of the industrial applications. Since the industrial applications domain in itself is a vast area, we divide them into classes with similar requirements. We discuss these industrial classes, set of common requirements and various stateof-the-art WSN standards proposed to satisfy these requirements. We then present a broader view towards the WSN solution by discussing important functions like medium access control, routing, and transport in detail to give some insight into specific requirements and the classification of protocols based on certain factors. We list and discuss representative protocols for each of these functions that address requirements defined in the industrial classes. Security function is discussed in brief, mainly in relation to industrial standards. Finally, we identify unsolved challenges that are encountered during design of protocols and standards. In addition some new challenges are introduced and discussed.
IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 2018
In recent years, Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks (IWSNs) have emerged as an important research theme with applications spanning a wide range of industries including automation, monitoring, process control, feedback systems and automotive. Wide scope of IWSNs applications ranging from small production units, large oil and gas industries to nuclear fission control, enables a fast-paced research in this field. Though IWSNs offer advantages of low cost, flexibility, scalability, selfhealing, easy deployment and reformation, yet they pose certain limitations on available potential and introduce challenges on multiple fronts due to their susceptibility to highly complex and uncertain industrial environments. In this paper a detailed discussion on design objectives, challenges and solutions, for IWSNs, are presented. A careful evaluation of industrial systems, deadlines and possible hazards in industrial atmosphere are discussed. The paper also presents a thorough review of the existing standards and industrial protocols and gives a critical evaluation of potential of these standards and protocols along with a detailed discussion on available hardware platforms, specific industrial energy harvesting techniques and their capabilities. The paper lists main service providers for IWSNs solutions and gives insight of future trends and research gaps in the field of IWSNs.
The Wireless Sensor Networks for Factory Automation
2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition Proceedings
Sensors are used in many devices and systems to provide information on the parameters being measured or to identify the states of control. In recent years, the concept of computer networking has gradually migrated into the sensor community, and the trend in industry is moving toward distributed control with intelligent sensing architecture. The rapid development and emergence of smart sensor and field network technologies have made the networking of smart transducers an economical and attractive solution for a broad range of measurement and control applications. A Wireless sensor network (WSN) has a large number of small, low-powered sensor nodes (also called motes), usually densely located in the target area and one or more remote sinks organized into a cooperative network. These can be connected to other networks through gateways. Each node is equipped with sensing, processing and communication capabilities. This paper explains in detail the wireless sensor network (WSN) architecture, Network Topologies, standards and protocols. It will delve into other IEEE 1451 standards and discuss how to create WSNs and intelligent interactive devices, and interface with smart sensors and transducers. Moreover, the WirelessHART(Highway Addressable Remote Transducer), IEEE 1451, ZigBee / 802.15.4, and 6LoWPAN standards will be explained. Networking actuators and smart sensors and real-world technical challenges will also be highlighted. Advances in computing and instrumentation have sparked the need of engineering technology graduates who can update and improve manufacturing facilities and product design. This paper is an attempt to expose engineering technology students earlier to WSNs and other emerging technologies in lieu of taking WSN track in their technology curriculum.
RECENT TRENDS IN USING WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS IN INDUSTRIAL ENVIRONMENT
TJPRC, 2013
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are now established as one of the most cost effective and efficient mechanism for collecting data on the industrial shop floor. Industrial WSN (IWSN) is gaining ground in many diversified industries as the technology at the lowest layer for collecting raw data from shop floor. The sensor nodes, apart from collecting data, can also be used to detect abnormal conditions occurring in the process that is being monitored by them. This paper takes a comprehensive look at recent trends in the industry in using WSN. It details about how the technology is shaping up the various components of WSN over last few years. The paper also describes the current scenario of integration of WSN with business processes and later mentions about few of the success stories in IWSN. The paper concludes with a brief description of current focus areas of research in this field.
Rapid prototyping suite of IEEE 802.15.4-compliant Sensor Networks
2007 IEEE Internatonal Conference on Mobile Adhoc and Sensor Systems, 2007
This paper presents a toolsuite for rapid prototyping and implementation of real-time applications on Wireless Sensor Networks. The work is motivated by the need to use WSNs in industrial control contexts, where the sampling rate, the workload is much higher than typical current applications of WSNs, and the real-time constraints are much tighter. We present a simulator for early evaluation of the real-time behavior of a WSN application; and a realtime operating system that implement appropriate real-time scheduling policies to allow timing analysis and guarantee timing constraints. We provide a demo based on a simple but realistic network scenario showing that simulation is in agreement with experimental results.
Application of Wireless Sensor Networks in Industrial Settings
Advances in civil and industrial engineering book series, 2012
Research on sensor networks started around 1980 with distributed sensor networks program at Defense Advanced Research project Agency (DARPA). By this time the Arpanet (predecessor of Internet) had been operational for a number of years with about 200 hosts at Universities and Research institutes. Current sensor networks can exploit technologies not available 20 years ago and perform functions that were not even dreamed of at that time. Sensors, processors, and communication devices are all getting much smaller and cheaper. In addition to sensor nodes,
Performance investigation and optimization of IEEE802.15.4 for industrial wireless sensor networks
Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation, 2008
This paper evaluates the performance of IEEE 802.15.4 for industrial wireless sensor networks. The IEEE 802.15.4 protocol has got the ability to provide real time data transmission in wireless sensor networks using guaranteed time slots (GTS) as medium access control mechanism. According to the standard, a maximum of 7 GTSs can be allocated in one superframe. All GTSs are exclusively
Adaptability of IEEE 802.15. 4 (Zigbee) Protocol for Wireless Sensor Network
enggjournals.com
The IEEE 802.15.4/Zigbee protocol stack has been considered as a promising technology for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). IEEE 802.15.4 Low-Rate Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN) standard specifies the lower protocol layers-the physical layer (PHY), and the media access control (MAC) portion of the data link layer (DLL) and Network layer(NWK) Wireless sensor network provide the low rate, wireless interconnection of ultra low cost sensor/actuator devices to enable the cyber world to sense and affect the real physical environment. The IEEE 802.15.4/Zigbee protocol stack provide selectable levels of security using AES-128 mechanism for privacy, sender authentication, message integrity. It uses fully handshake protocol for transfer reliability. In business applications where WSN are applied, failures in essential parts of the sensor network must be efficiently detected and automatically recovered. ZigBee is targeted at radio-frequency (RF) applications that require a low data rate, long battery life, and secure networking.This paper will analyze the adaptability features of IEEE802.15.4[3] at Physical, MAC and Network layer and various mode of operation at MAC layer.