Human Rights and Persons with Intellectual Disabilities: An Action-Research Approach for Community-Based Organizational Self-Evaluation (original) (raw)
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An analysis of the systemic aspects of rights training for people with intellectual disabilities
2009
Individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) as a group have been subject to abuse. Individuals with ID need to be made aware of their rights. The 3Rs: Rights, Respect and Responsibility Human Rights Project is promoting rights awareness in individuals with ID, their caregivers and family members. To be effeCtive, abuse prevention must include support from the whole organization and its processes. This research evaluated the impact of the 3Rs initiative on the organization. It focused particularly on descriptions of organizational change perceived by full-time staff and managers in response to the initiation of the 3Rs Project. Behavioural interviews were conducted and a thematic analysis was used to describe changes in the organizational culture and behavioural mechanisms maintaining these changes. Systemic barriers to change were also explored. The results indicate that the Association is effectively implementing and supporting the rights-based philosophy. Systemic Analysis of ...
Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities, 2019
The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) aims to change attitudes and policies toward individuals with disabilities worldwide and to foster the inclusion and independence of persons with disabilities in society. The current study was designed to assess empirically the extent to which people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) exercise certain rights in the United States using the National Core Indicators Adult Consumer Survey (NCI-ACS), particularly to see if items could be scaled to measure certain CRPD articles reliably. An additional aim was to assess the impact of guardianship on the rights of individuals with IDD. NCI-ACS data were analyzed employing factor analysis, multiple analysis of variance, and regression modeling. These approaches allowed us to assess the relationship between guardianship and rights controlling for known covariates (such as level of ID) on outcomes. Results indicate that the NCI-ACS contains several items with sound psychometric properties that can assist in measuring certain rights of people with disabilities according to CRPD. Specifically, employment and budgetary agency appear to be areas of rights outlined by the CRPD that the NCI-ACS can help measure. Finally, the results indicated that people who have an appointed legal guardian are less likely to be employed and to have less social privacy. This study indicates the NCI-ACS has the potential to measure access to CRPD rights, such as employment and budgetary agency, by people with IDD. More work is needed to evaluate additional promising measures of a wider range of CRPD articles. Alternatives to guardianship need to be examined in order to increase the opportunities for people with IDD to exercise their rights.
Intellectual and developmental disabilities, 2017
Protecting human rights has increasingly become a focus of regulation regarding individuals with Intellectual Disability (ID). While this focus on rights has succeeded in protecting people with ID from many of the most insidious abuses of the past, an over-emphasis on the human rights of people with ID while ignoring other aspects of their personalities and environments can create challenges. This article proposes the use of a dialectical model to address challenges raised by the relationship between two equally valid but often unequally considered approaches, namely, rights-based and person-centered. Suggestions are provided for using this model to meaningfully support individuals to reach their person-centered goals while continuing to recognize and address their individual rights, responsibilities, and challenges.
The Human Rights agenda for persons with intellectual disabilities
Watson, S.L., Richards, D.A., Hayes, S., Lecomte, J. & Taua, C. (2012). The right to consent to treatment. In D. Griffiths, F. Owen & S.L. Watson (Eds.). The Human Rights agenda for persons with intellectual disabilities (pp. 139-168). New York, NY: NADD Press.
Journal of applied research in intellectual disabilities : JARID, 2020
BACKGROUND The United States has yet to ratify the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. The extent of public support in the United States for the rights of persons with intellectual disability is not known. METHODS Online public opinion polls were conducted nationally and in eight selected cities in 2017 and repeated in 2018 with 26,876 respondents in total. RESULTS Support for rights was high: notably in accessing healthcare, schooling, playing sports and getting married. However, less support was evident for the rights of people who were perceived as less capable. Respondents with prior frequent personal contact and who had an engagement with Special Olympics were those most likely to support the rights and capabilities of persons with intellectual disability. CONCLUSIONS Public support for the ratification of the UN Convention seems likely. Further longitudinal research could identify successful strategies for implementing the rights of disabled persons local...
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Persons with disabilities have historically been subjected to discrimination and exclusion, placing them in dangerous situations of social vulnerability. The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, passed on the 13th of December 2006, was an important legislative landmark for valuing the rights of this population group. This study involved a bibliometric analysis of 1024 research articles published in Scopus on the social, workplace, educational, and financial inclusion of persons with disabilities since the Convention. The results show an increase in scientific production, and there is also a great deal of multi-disciplinarity, which has led to important breakthroughs for the all-encompassing inclusion of this section of the population. The most productive journals, authors, institutions, and countries, as well as the international cooperation networks, are presented here. The review concludes by setting out the main themes and trends in the research.
Human rights of children with intellectual disabilities: comparing self-ratings and proxy ratings
Child: care, health and development, 2015
A child rights-based approach to research articulates well with Article 12 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) and highlights the importance and value of including children's own views about aspects that concern them. The aim of this study is to compare children with intellectual disability's own ratings (as self-raters) to those of their primary caregivers (as proxy raters) regarding human rights of children. The study also aims to establish whether there is an inter-rater agreement between the self-raters and proxy raters concerning Maslow's hierarchy of needs. This study is nested in a larger study examining the human rights of children with intellectual disability in South Africa. In total, 162 children with intellectual disability from 11 schools across three provinces and their primary caregivers participated by answering parts of a Children's Rights Questionnaire (CRQ) developed by the researchers based on the United Nation's ...
Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities, 2011
Gaps in policy and service systems exist for people with intellectual disability (ID). The areas of policy and services research that are required to address this situation are vast, complicated, and often interrelated. Strategically developed research agendas underpinned by a strict adherence to human rights principles can optimally inform policy and service development and reform. A framework to facilitate the conceptualization of a comprehensive and structured research agenda for ID that can underpin policy has been developed. It is informed by templates developed in mental health and health and consists of external parameters and internal domains and elements. It is overarched by human rights principles and takes into account other contextual factors including government policies and resources. The framework is applicable in a range of settings and can be used to prioritize and optimize research efforts and resources in the area of ID. The development, dissemination, and implementation of a comprehensive research agenda for ID requires the involvement of a range of key stakeholders, including consumers and carers, clinicians, researchers, and policymakers.
Alter, 2018
Abstract Article 12 of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities challenges the misconception that persons with intellectual disability, among others, are not capable to take decisions for themselves. This paper first considers the right to equal recognition before the law within the light of the General Comment on Article 12 issued by the Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities which emphasises the need to move away completely from substitute decision-making and to promote supported decision-making. The importance of Article 12 within the context of the Convention as a whole is also considered, together with the limited extent to which supported decision-making has been implemented. The paper argues that, with the exception of some jurisdictions, substitute decision-making is still seen as the best way to respond to the support needs of people with intellectual disability. While there are plenty of examples of supported decision-making practices being used in the daily lives of people with intellectual disability, these remain the exception. Crucially, decisions made in this way are not legally valid. What is needed therefore is a recognition that different people can take decisions using different methods, with or without support, and for these methods to become legally recognised.