Phytochemical screening, anti-oxidant activity and in vitroanticancer potential of ethanolic and water leaves extracts of Annona muricata (Graviola) (original) (raw)

Objective: To determine the phytochemical composition, antioxidant and anticancer activities of ethanolic and water leaves extracts of Annona muricata (A. muricata)from the Eastern Uganda. Methods: Phytochemical screening was conducted using standard qualitative methods and a Chi-square goodness of fit test was used to assign the relative abundance of the different phytochemicals. The antioxidant activity was determined using the 2, 2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and reducing power methods whereas the in vitroanticancer activity was determined using three different cell lines. Results: Phytochemical screening of the extracts revealed that they were rich in secondary class metabolite compounds such as alkaloids, saponins, terpenoids, flavonoids, coumarins and lactones, anthraquinones, tannins, cardiac glycosides, phenols and phytosterols. Total phenolics in the water extract were (683.69依0.09) µg/mLgallic acid equivalents (GAE)while it was (372.92 依0.15) µg/mL GAEin the ethanolic extract. The reducing power was 216.41 µg/mLin the water extract and 470.51 µg/mL GAEin the ethanolic extract. In vitroantioxidant activity IC 50 was 2.0456 mg/mLand 0.9077mg/mLfor ethanolic and water leaves extracts of A. muricatarespectively. The ethanolic leaves extract was found to be selectively cytotoxic in vitroto tumor cell lines (EACC, MDAand SKBR3)with IC 50 values of 335.85 µg/mL, 248.77 µg/mL, 202.33 µg/mLrespectively, while it had no cytotoxic effect on normal spleen cells. The data also showed that water leaves extract of A. muricatahad no anticancer effect at all tested concentrations. Conclusions: The results showed that A. muricatawas a promising new antioxidant and anticancer agent.

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