Cognitive Base Stations in LTE/3GPP Femtocells: A Correlated Equilibrium Game-Theoretic Approach (original) (raw)
Related papers
Distributed power optimization for spectrum-sharing femtocell networks: A fictitious game approach
Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 2014
Power control techniques are becoming increasingly important for a two-tier network, where a central macrocell is underlaid with femtocells, since cross-tier and co-tier interference severely limits network performance. In this paper, we propose a distributed power control scheme for the uplink transmission of spectrum-sharing femtocell networks based on fictitious game. Each user announces a price that reflects its sensitivity to the current interference level, and adjusts its power to maximize its utility. Power and price are updated at terminals and base stations, respectively. The scheme is proved to converge to a unique optimal equilibrium. Furthermore, we propose a simple macrocell link protection scheme, where a macro user can protect itself by increasing its price. Most importantly, we investigate the power optimization scheme proposed in frequency-selective channels based on the Stackelberg game, in which each user prices its limited power allocated to subchannels. Numerical results show that the proposed schemes are effective in resource allocation for spectrum-sharing two-tier networks.
Equilibrium Selection in Interference Management Non-Cooperative Games in Femtocell Networks
2012
Résumé: In this paper we apply a special class of n-person non-cooperative games, which we call Weakly Coupled Constrained Games (WCCG), in Home eNodeB (HeNB) systems to manage the aggregated interference they may generate at Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) NodeB (eNB) associated users. WCCG have the following structure: the utility of a player depends only on its own assignment and interactions between players appear through extra constraints.
2013 IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps), 2013
Future wireless networks are expected to be highly heterogeneous with the co-existence of macrocells and a large number of small cells. In this case, centralized control and manual intervention will be highly inefficient. Therefore, self organization and distributed resource allocation are of paramount importance for the successful deployment of small cell networks. In this work, we propose an evolutionary game theory (EGT)based distributed resource allocation scheme for small cell networks. EGT is a suitable tool to address the self organized small cell resource allocation problem since it allows the players with bounded rationality to make individual decisions and learn from the environment for attaining the equilibrium with the minimum information exchange. Also, fairness can be provided. Specifically, we show how EGT can be used for subcarrier and power allocation of small cell networks. Replicator dynamics is used to model the strategy adaptation process of the small cell base stations and the evolutionary equilibrium is obtained as the solution. Numerical results show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Hierarchical Competition in Femtocell-Based Cellular Networks
2010 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference GLOBECOM 2010, 2010
This paper considers the downlink power allocation problem in a cellular network where a bi-level hierarchy exists. The network is comprised of the macrocells underlaid with femtocells. The objective of each station in the network is to maximize its capacity under power constraints. The problem is formulated as a Stackelberg game with the macrocell base stations as the leaders and the femtocell access points as the followers. The leaders are assumed to have enough information and foresight to consider the response of the followers while formulating their strategies. To characterize such interaction between leaders and followers, Stackelberg equilibrium is introduced; and it is shown to exist under the assumption of continuity of best response function of the leader sub-game.
Game based Self-Organizing Scheme for Femtocell Networks
GameNets'11
A femto base station (BS) is an emerging candidate solution to guarantee wireless coverage and enhance capacity in indoor environments. Ideally, femto BSs should be designed to be installed by customers without their manual configuration. Therefore, a femtocell network should be automatically organized by configuring the operating frequency channel and transmit power level of the femto BSs adaptively according to the interference environment. However, in order to enhance the capacity of femtocell users, the femto BSs in the network should be carefully configured since they can cause severe co-channel interference to the existing macrocell networks operating in the same frequency channel. In this work, we propose an automatic self-organizing scheme for a femtocell network by jointly considering transmit power control and dynamic frequency selection, which tries to maximize the mean sum downlink achievable rate of the femtocell users and to guarantee the performance of the macrocell users by limiting the co-channel interference from the femtocells. The proposed scheme is based on a potential game which guarantees a convergence property, and we enhance the scheme with a Tabu search, which attempts to achieve the optimality.
Pricing mechanisms for interference management games in femtocell networks based on Markov modeling
2011 Future Network Mobile Summit, 2011
The potential massive deployment of femto access points requires femtocell networks to be able to take interference under control, possibly through a decentralized mechanism. Within this context, game theory represents a fundamental tool to devise decentralized algorithms for dynamic resource allocation. In this paper, we propose alternative game-theoretic techniques that exploit the backhaul link among femto-access points to set up local coordination games which provide performance advantages with respect to purely competitive games. The proposed optimization techniques incorporate a Markovian model of the interference activity and propose alternative pricing mechanisms to allocate power in the joint time-frequency plane.
IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2017
The cognitive femtocell network (CFN) integrated with cognitive radio-enabled technology has emerged as one of the promising solutions to improve wireless broadband coverage in indoor environment for next-generation mobile networks. In this paper, we study a distributed resource allocation that consists of subchannel-and power-level allocation in the uplink of the two-tier CFN comprised of a conventional macrocell and multiple femtocells using underlay spectrum access. The distributed resource allocation problem is addressed via an optimization problem, in which we maximize the uplink sum-rate under constraints of intra-tier and inter-tier interferences while maintaining the average delay requirement for cognitive femtocell users. Specifically, the aggregated interference from cognitive femto users to the macrocell base station is also kept under an acceptable level. We show that this optimization problem is NP-hard and propose an autonomous framework, in which the cognitive femtocell users self-organize into disjoint groups (DJGs). Then, instead of maximizing the sum-rate in all cognitive femtocells, we only maximize the sum-rate of each DJG. After that, we formulate the optimization problem as a coalitional game in partition form, which obtains sub-optimal solutions. Moreover, distributed algorithms are also proposed for allocating resources to the CFN. Finally, the proposed framework is tested based on the simulation results and shown to perform efficient resource allocation.
In the recent years, femtocell technology has received a considerable attention due to the ability to provide an efficient indoor wireless coverage as well as enhanced capacity. However, under the spectrum sharing between femtocell user equipment (FUEs) and the owner of spectrum macrocell user equipment (MUEs), both may experience higher uplink interference to each other. This paper proposes a novel distributed power control algorithm for the interference management in two-tier femtocell networks. Due to the assignment of licensed radio frequency to the outdoor macrocell users, the access priority of MUEs should be higher than FUEs. In addition, the quality of service (QoS) of MUEs that is expressed in the target signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) must always be achieved. On the other hand, we consider an efficient QoS provisioning cost function for the low-tier FUEs. The proposed algorithm requires only local information and converges even in cases where the frontiers of available power serve the target SINRs impossible. The advantage of the algorithm is the ability to implement in a distributed manner. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm based on our cost function provides effective resource allocation and substantial power saving as compared to the traditional algorithms.
Decentralized interference management in femtocells: A game-theoretic approach
2010
Femtocells are receiving considerable interest in mobile communications as a strategy to overcome the indoor coverage problems as well as to improve the efficiency of current macrocell systems. One of the most critical issues in femtocells is the potential interference between nearby femtocells and from femtocells to macrocells or to mobile handsets. In this work, we illustrate some decentralized strategies for an OFDMA femtocell system, based on game theory, where non-cooperative femtocells self-organize in order to find out the most appropriate access strategy, considering the decision phase and radio access jointly. The strategies illustrated in this work fall within the context of the FREEDOM European Project.
A bankruptcy game approach for resource allocation in cooperative femtocell networks
2012 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM), 2012
Femtocells have recently appeared as a viable solution to enable broadband connectivity in mobile cellular networks. Instead of redimensioning macrocells at the base station level, the modular installation of short-range access points can grant multiple benefits, provided that interference is efficiently managed. In the case where femtocells use different frequency bands than macrocells (i.e., split-spectrum approach), interference between femtocells is the major issue. In particular, congestion cases in which femtocell demands exceed the available bandwidth pose an important challenge. If, as expected, the femtocell service is going to be separately billed by legacy wire-line Internet Service Providers, strategic interference management and resource allocation mechanisms are needed to avoid performance degradation during congestion cases. In this paper, we model the resource allocation in cooperative femtocell networks as a bankruptcy game. We identify possible solutions from cooperative game theory, namely the Shapley value and the Nucleolus, and show through extensive simulations of realistic scenarios that they outperform two state-of-the-art schemes, namely Centralized-Dynamic Frequency Planning, C-DFP, and Frequency-ALOHA, F-ALOHA. In particular, the Nucleolus solution offers best performance overall in terms of throughput and fairness, at a lower time complexity.