Proposal for a Cultural Heritage Application Schema within (original) (raw)
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International Journal of Spatial Data Infrastructures Research, 8: 74-97. 2013.
Cultural Heritage is a group of resources identified as a reflection of certain values, beliefs, knowledge and tradition by a certain community. These resources are subject to management, preservation and diffusion through legislative and administrative means, which makes cultural heritage fall within the scope of Protected sites, one of the spatial data themes established in Annex I of the INSPIRE Directive. The INSPIRE Data Specification on Protected Sites thus serves as the starting point for modelling cultural heritage information in order to implement, distribute and share it in an interoperable framework based on Spatial Data Infrastructures. Unfortunately, this data specification was primarily conceived for natural protected sites, which makes an extension necessary if it is to be applied to cultural features. This papers proposes an extension composed of three parts: one devoted to administrative information —including legal protection—, another describes the feature itself, and, a third part is dedicated to the inclusion of additional documentation (texts, images, etc.).
Proposal for a Cultural Heritage Application Schema within the INSPIRE directive
Published in "Multidisciplinary Research on Geographical Information in Europe and Beyond. Proceedings of the AGILE'2012 International Conference on Geographic Information Science". Edited by J. Gensel, D. Josselin, and D. Vandenbroucke, pp. 339-342. Avignon
One of the nine themes listed in Annex I of the INSPIRE Directive is “Protected Sites”. The Protected Sites Data Specification has been developed by the Thematic Working Group on Protected Sites, focusing mainly on natural protected areas, connected to environmental data specifications under development in Annex III. What we present here is a Cultural Heritage Application Schema built as an interoperability framework for this particular kind of Protected Sites. It aims to offer a comprehensive support for heritage data publication via Spatial Data Infrastructures, trying to enable a complete management of all georeferenced Cultural Heritage data.
G. Earl, T. Sly, A. Chrysanthi, P. Murrieta-Flores, C. Papadopoulos, I. Romanowska, D. Wheatley (eds.). 2013. Archaeology in the Digital Era. Papers from the 40th Annual Conference of Computer Applications and Quantitative Methods in Archaeology (CAA). Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Press: 279-290., 2013
We present a Cultural Heritage data model built under the European INSPIRE Directive. This model extends the Data Specification on Protected Sites –one of the reference spatial data themes of the INSPIRE Annex I– through the development of cultural issues by means of new classes and attributes. The aim is to achieve an interoperable schema that allows organising and sharing georeferenced cultural heritage information via Spatial Data Infrastructures. This involves the use of standards and norms about several topics, such as geographical information, cultural heritage and document resources. The data model includes three parts: 1) a legal part about the administrative definition of protected sites, 2) a cultural part devoted to the description of the cultural entities that are subject of valuation and protection, and 3) a document part for the inclusion of information resources (texts, images and so on) about these cultural entities.
Conceptual basis for a cultural heritage data model for INSPIRE
International Journal of Geomatics and Spatial Analysis - Revue Internationale de Géomatique, 23/3-4: 445-467.
In addition to its legal implications, INSPIRE represents the most important movement towards a true implementation of interoperable spatial data services. Cultural Heritage is a thematic field that is not considered separately within INSPIRE, although some portions of it do fall within the category of Protected Sites, listed in Annex I, and also in the theme Buildings in Annex III. Developing an extended schema for Cultural Heritage data within the INSPIRE framework is an essential step towards allowing heritage information to become yet another part of the wider field of spatial information. Our aim is to achieve this by taking advantage of the benefits of the “INSPIRE movement”. This paper presents some insights into the development of such an application schema, focusing on some general, conceptual considerations upon which that specific data model has been built.
A EUROPEAN INTEROPERABLE DATABASE (EID) TO INCREASE RESILIENCE OF CULTURAL HERITAGE
2018
The set of laws, actions and organizations for Cultural Heritage (CH) protection is born in the different countries of the European Union from local cultural situations, so the ability to cope with the emergency is certainly different. In addition to the damages that can occur to cultural assets after a disaster, an inadequate emergency intervention can sometimes cause further losses to the CH. The effectiveness of response depends on the adequacy of advanced planning. Some countries have designed emergency plans but their databases (DBs) are fragmented, incomplete and not standardized. It is thus necessary to establish a DB for emergency assistance and maps of CH at risk to be compared with maps of natural hazards and risks, in order to take preventive and operational measures, as well as agree on a common terminology and international standards. The project aims to enhance the capability of Civil Protection to prevent disasters impacts on CH by implementing a European Interoperable Database (EID) as supporting decision tool to understand the risk of damage to cultural assets. The EID, starting from the international standards to represent the map objects (CityGML, INSPIRE), the classification of CH in Europe (UNESCO), in Italy (MiBACT), in Germany and in France and from risks and disasters analysis, will design, with its Conceptual Data Model, an extension of the INSPIRE UML model. This DB will also support 3D models to help finding and recognizing dispersed artworks and facilitate a post-emergency restoration, preserving thus a digital memory in case of destruction.
Developing a Spatial Data Infrastructure for Archaeological and Built Heritage
International Journal of Spatial Data Infrastructures Research, 2011
Although the INSPIRE Directive provides a roadmap and technical specifications for providing interoperability of spatial information created and held by public bodies across Europe, its relevance to archaeological and built heritage information is unclear. Whilst there is a clear need for access to information about the historic environment by a range of audiences actively engaged in the management of Europe's rich heritage, delivery of relevant services is restricted to a narrow interpretation of the Annex I Protected Sites theme that focuses on statutory designations. This paper explores business reasons for adopting a more expansive interpretation of what information should be considered as and distributed as part of the Protected Sites theme in order to support policies and activities that impact upon the wider historic environment. The paper also considers the range and potential of information created through investigation and recording of the historic environment, often at public expense or interest. The potential for data reuse generating savings, inspiring smarter working practices, and developing sustainable datasets is explored through case studies from Scotland and Ireland and proposals to establish a thematic geo-portal, web services and applications through the EU Culture funded project ArchaeoLandscapes Europe (ArcLand), are discussed.
An application of the data harmonisation methods to any domain working with spatial data is used approach for an elimination the data heterogeneity and assigns the data interoperability nowadays. One of them is the Cultural Heritage protection domain. In this paper we focused to a deeper analyze of proposed data specification in INSPIRE ProtectedSites theme where the Cultural Heritage protection domain should become a part. Our study was realized within the support of Humboldt project tools, work based on mapping INSPIRE ProtectedSites schema definition as an objective schema in order realize required data harmonization. As an input schema was used the dataset structure of archaeological activity register owned by the Institute of Archaeology SAS, published by web map service. The results of analyses return in general questions of the Cultural entity unit protection in INSPIRE theme. Finally stated pilot study of application the data harmonisation to archeological activity register as spatial dataset used in Slovakia on national level was taken into account to target INSPIRE ProtectedSites schema definition and gives an overview of the schema mapping and final data transformation.
Heritage-Oriented Spatial Data Infrastructures in Spain: Waiting on the World to Change
In Ioannides, M.; Fritsch, D.; Leissner, J.; Davies, R.; Remondino, F. y Caffo, R. (eds.): Progress in Cultural Heritage Preservation. 4th International Conference, EuroMed 2012, Lemessos, Cyprus. Springer Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 7616: 692-700. 2012., 2012
The paper makes an overview on the current state of GIS-based initiatives to share Heritage information in Spain, pointing at some of the issues that explain why this field is still greatly under developed, with the exception of a few regions: fragmentation or arguable policies about data sharing. Contrastingly, demands for a wider access to Heritage data are increasing, and unofficial agents, both from the academic realm or just from the civil society, have begun to fulfill those demands with the development of different web based services. Some examples of these are also presented. The paper ends with some remarks on the current situation and perspectives on future developments.
Unlocking heritage data through a flexible data model and geo-application
2016
Preserving our archaeological heritage for the future is of great importance given the numerous human and natural threats, either malicious or inevitable. Even the archaeological excavation process itself is destructive by nature (Stal et al. 2014). As a result, the collections of archaeological finds, field nodes, archaeological databases, photographs, reports and all other research outcomes have an indispensable value for future research (Snow et al. 2006). However, the research value of these data outreaches the domain of archaeology. Archaeological data also form a part of research, policy support and policy implementation in cultural heritage management, spatial planning, tourism, etc. A multiplicity of actors are thus involved both during and after the archaeological research process. To provide all of these actors with proper data and information and preserve these data for future reuse, a complete digital documentation of archaeological research is aimed for by many researchers (Snow et al. 2006; De Roo et al. 2015; Stal et al. 2014). Such a digital documentation is underpinned by a digital information flow between different actors and domains (Forte 2011). Realizing this digital information flow can entail a brought to you by CORE View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk
Mapping between different data models in a data aggregation context always presents significant interoperability challenges. In this paper, we describe the challenges faced and solutions developed when mapping the CARARE schema designed for archaeological and architectural monuments and sites to the Europeana Data Model (EDM), a model based on Linked Data principles, for the purpose of integrating more than two million metadata records from national monument collections and databases across Europe into the Europeana digital library.