Therapeutic Potential of Hydrogels Based on Plant Extracts and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles in Skin Lesions (original) (raw)
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International journal of biological macromolecules, 2017
An ideal biomaterial for wound dressing applications should possess antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties without any toxicity to the host cells while providing the maximum healing activity. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) possess antimicrobial activity and enhance wound healing, but the questions regarding their safety arise before application to the biological systems. We synthesized ZnONPs-loaded-sodium alginate-gum acacia hydrogels (SAGA-ZnONPs) by cross linking hydroxyl groups of the polymers sodium alginate and gum acacia with the aldehyde group of gluteradehyde. Here, we report the wound healing properties of sodium alginate/gum acacia/ZnONPs, circumventing the toxicity of ZnONPs simultaneously. We demonstrated the concentration-dependent zones of inhibition in treated cultures of Pseudomonas aerigunosa and Bacillus cereus and biocompatability on peripheral blood mononuclear/fibroblast cells. SAGA-ZnONPs hydrogels showed a healing effect at a low concentration of Z...
Romanian Biotechnological Letters
Hydrogel based wound dressings help to prevent development of infection by absorbing a large volume of exudate from the wound area. Zinc ion based nanoparticles are routinely reported to hold an enhanced potential to help wound healing. In this work, we have developed and characterized hydrogels with in-situ incorporated ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) with antimicrobial properties. Samples were characterized via infrared spectrometry (FTIR), swelling capacity analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). ZnO incorporation lead to an increase in the swallowing rates for tested ZnO concentrations. SEM analysis revealed the presence of agglomerations of ZnO particles of micrometric dimensions (size 1,300-1,315μm) embedded in the polymeric material.The assesment of antimicrobial activity revealed some promising results in case of the liophylised hydrogels incubated with S. aureus The effect of ZnO NPs on biofilm formation was clearly evident in case of S. aureus. The number of viable cells decreased proportionally with the ZnO concentration. The preliminary results highlighted here pave the way for further in vivo experiments in order to confirm the beneficial effects harboured by the novel ZnO hydrogels on host wound healing.
Adsorption, antimicrobial and wound healing activities of biosynthesised zinc oxide nanoparticles
Chemical Papers, 2020
Using plant extracts has been interesting as possible eco-friendly methods to synthesis and stabilize different types of nanoparticles. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) can be used as effective adsorbent due to their high surface area to volume ratio and high spontaneous adsorption properties. In this research, ZnO-NPs were synthesized and stabilized to use as an effective adsorbent material for removing two carcinogenic azo dyes: Malachite green and Congo red. It is also used as an antibacterial active material to enhance mouse skin wound healing. The fabrication and stabilization of ZnO-NPs were performed using Aloe barbadensis leaf extract. The morphology and structure of the as-synthesized ZnO-NPs were investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The fabricated ZnO-NPs were applied as an adsorbent for the removal of Malachite green, a cationic azo dye, and Congo red, an anionic azo dye. The ZnO-NPs achieved adsorption efficiency of 90.7% for Malachite green azo dye within 90 min at the maximum amount of 70 mg/ml. Congo red dye was adsorbed at the efficiency of 92.30% within 120 min at 80 mg/ml maximum concentration of ZnO-NPs. Using the batch process, different parameters (time, pH, amount of adsorbent) during the adsorption process were elucidated. The results confined the applicability of ZnO-NPs as an efficient adsorbent for Malachite green and Congo red dyes. Also, the synthesised ZnO-NPs demonstrated a powerful antimicrobial activity against four types of bacterial strains of Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneumonia, Bacillus licheniformis and Escherichia coli, and two types of fungi strains of Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. The healing efficiency of mouse wound was studied using ZnO-NP/silica gel (ZnO-NP/SG) dressings due to its extensive evidence on healing property. The microscopic investigations of the wound area are reduced significantly using ZnO-NP/SG-30 ppm dressings within 11 days of observation as compared to ZnO-NPs of the control sample. These findings elaborated that as-synthesized dressing enhanced the skin repairing on the wound surface and support its usage in the future.
Research Squar, 2021
Wound healing is one of the utmost medical issues in human and veterinary medicine, which explains the urgent need for developing new agents that possess wound-healing activities. The present study aimed to assess the effectiveness of green and chemical ZnO-NPs for wound healing. ZnO-NPs (chemical and green using Lawsonia inermis leaf extract) were synthesized and characterized by XRD; FTIR, and HRTEM. The gels containing the nanomaterials were prepared and inspected. Forty-ve albino rats were divided into three groups, the control group was treated with normal saline 0.9 % and the other two groups were treated with gels containing green and chemical ZnO-NPs, respectively. On the 3rd, 7th, 14th, and 21st dpt, the wounds were clinical and histologically examined. Both nanomaterials have good crystallinity and high purity, but green ZnO-NPs have a longer nanowire length and diameter than chemical ZnO-NPs. The formed gels were highly viscous with a pH of 6.5 to 7. Both prepared gels showed clinical improvements, such as a decrease in WSA and WSA%, increase in WC%, and reduced healing time (P < 0.05) in both treated groups when compared with control group. The histological scoring of this study showed that the epithelization score was signi cantly higher at 21st dpt in treated groups than in the control group (P < 0.05), but the vasculature, necrosis, connective tissue formation, and collagen synthesis scores were mostly similar. The green and chemical ZnO-NPs gels showed promising wound healing properties however, the LI mediated-ZnO-NPs were more effective.
Tailoring of Novel Azithromycin-Loaded Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles for Wound Healing
Pharmaceutics, 2022
Skin is the largest mechanical barrier against invading pathogens. Following skin injury, the healing process immediately starts to regenerate the damaged tissues and to avoid complications that usually include colonization by pathogenic bacteria, leading to fever and sepsis, which further impairs and complicates the healing process. So, there is an urgent need to develop a novel pharmaceutical material that promotes the healing of infected wounds. The present work aimed to prepare and evaluate the efficacy of novel azithromycin-loaded zinc oxide nanoparticles (AZM-ZnONPs) in the treatment of infected wounds. The Box–Behnken design and response surface methodology were used to evaluate loading efficiency and release characteristics of the prepared NPs. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the formulations was determined against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Moreover, the anti-bacterial and wound-healing activities of the AZM-loaded ZnONPs impregnated into hydr...
Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine, 2014
Here we studied immunological and antibacterial mechanisms of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) against human pathogens. ZnO-NPs showed more activity against Staphylococcus aureus and least against Mycobacterium bovis-BCG. However, BCG killing was significantly increased in synergy with antituberculous-drug rifampicin. Antibacterial mechanistic studies showed that ZnO-NPs disrupt bacterial cell membrane integrity, reduce cell surface hydrophobicity and down-regulate the transcription of oxidative stress-resistance genes in bacteria. ZnO-NP treatment also augmented the intracellular bacterial killing by inducing reactive oxygen species production and co-localization with Mycobacterium smegmatis-GFP in macrophages. Moreover, ZnO-NPs disrupted biofilm formation and inhibited hemolysis by hemolysin toxin producing S. aureus. Intradermal administration of ZnO-NPs significantly reduced the skin infection, bacterial load and inflammation in mice, and also improved infected skin architecture. We envision that this study offers novel insights into antimicrobial actions of ZnO-NPs and also demonstrates ZnO-NPs as a novel class of topical anti-infective agent for the treatment of skin infections. From the Clinical Editor: This in-depth study demonstrates properties of ZnO nanoparticles in infection prevention and treatment in several skin infection models, dissecting the potential mechanisms of action of these nanoparticles and paving the way to human applications.
Antimicrobial Nano-Zinc Oxide Biocomposites for Wound Healing Applications: A Review
Pharmaceutics
Chronic wounds are a major concern for global health, affecting millions of individuals worldwide. As their occurrence is correlated with age and age-related comorbidities, their incidence in the population is set to increase in the forthcoming years. This burden is further worsened by the rise of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), which causes wound infections that are increasingly hard to treat with current antibiotics. Antimicrobial bionanocomposites are an emerging class of materials that combine the biocompatibility and tissue-mimicking properties of biomacromolecules with the antimicrobial activity of metal or metal oxide nanoparticles. Among these nanostructured agents, zinc oxide (ZnO) is one of the most promising for its microbicidal effects and its anti-inflammatory properties, and as a source of essential zinc ions. This review analyses the most recent developments in the field of nano-ZnO–bionanocomposite (nZnO-BNC) materials—mainly in the form of films, but also hydrogel o...
SVU-International Journal of Veterinary Sciences
This study was aimed to evaluate the wound healing activity of both green and chemical Zinc oxide Nanoparticles in equine. Ten animals (nine donkeys and one horse) suffered from traumatized infected or non-infected wounds were used in this study. The visible signs of wound infection were evaluated in six cases, while the other four cases were admitted with fresh recent wounds. Animals were topically treated once a day in and day out and monitored for three weeks. It was observed that, the macroscopic wound contraction percents in animals treated with green Zinc oxide Nanoparticles gel in 1st, 2nd and 3rd weeks were 45%, 76%, and 93.6% respectively. While, those which treated with chemical Zinc oxide Nanoparticles gel were 40.4%, 67.2%, and 90.6% respectively. The study revealed that, green Zinc oxide Nanoparticles gel accelerated the wound healing and cleared the wound infection faster when compared to chemical Zinc oxide Nanoparticles gel. It was concluded that, topical green Zinc oxide Nanoparticles gel can significantly accelerate the process of wound healing and clear the wound infections in wounded equine from clinical field cases.
IET Nanobiotechnology, 2018
In this study, the ketoconazole-conjugated zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were prepared in a single-step approach using dextrose as an intermediate compound. The physical parameters confirmed the drug conjugation with ZnO and their size was around 70-75 nm. The drug loading and in vivo drug release studies indicated that the-CHO group from the dextrose increase the drug loading up to 65% and their release kinetics were also studied. The anti-fungal studies indicated that the prepared nanoparticles exhibit strong anti-fungal activity and the minimum concentration needed is 10 mg/ml. The nanoparticles loaded semi-solid gel was prepared using carbopol, methylparaben, propyl paraben and propylene glycol. The in vitro penetration of the ketoconazole-conjugated nanoparticles was studied using the skin. The results indicated that the semi-solid gel preparations influenced the penetration and also favoured the accumulation into the skin membrane. The veterinary clinical studies indicated that the prepared gel is highly suitable for treatment of Malassezia.
International Nano Letters, 2019
Current study reports a simple and one-pot synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) using an aqueous extract of Solanum torvum and evaluation of its toxicological profile (0.5% w/w and 1.0% w/w) in Wistar albino rats with respect to the biochemical index. The nanoparticles were characterized using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction technique. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and zeta potential of synthesized nanoparticles were analyzed to know the average size and stability of particles. Synthesized nanoparticles were stable, discreet, and mostly spherical, and size of particles was within the nanometre range. Biochemical markers of hepatic and renal functions were measured. Zinc oxide nanoparticles significantly decreased serum uric acid level (p < 0.001) in a dose-dependent manner, while the serum alkaline phosphatase level was increased at the two test doses. The level of alanine transaminase was increased after exposure for 28 days (p < 0.05). This study concludes that biogenic zinc oxide nanoparticles-infused hydrogel applied dermatologically could affect hepatic and renal performance in rats, and there was an observed cumulative toxicological effect with time of exposure.