Considerations of efficiency for internal lightning protection (original) (raw)
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Energies
In this study, the lightning protection system and grounding system of one plant of the petrochemical industry were investigated, evaluated, and improved. The methods used in this study were rolling sphere and angle protection methods. The grounding system of the building under study was modeled and simulated using ATP/EMTP (Alternative Transient Program/Electromagnetic Transient Program) software. The results show that the external lightning protection system of the prilling tower studied does not adhere to IEC 62305 and IEC 1024-1-1 standards. Moreover, the grounding configuration of the DCS building was not appropriate for protecting sensitive equipment inside. Lightning causes an enormous potential difference between lightning ground rods in the grounding system. Additionally, disabling the existing surge protective device (SPD) causes an increase in the magnitude of Ground Potential Rise at the DCS building. Improvement of the lightning protection system of the prilling tower a...
International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology, 2023
The lightning phenomenon is a natural disaster that endangers human life. The nature of grabbing objects closest to the cloud can cause fires, damage to electrical equipment, and even fatalities. The Padang Institute of Technology is a campus that has tall buildings, such as buildings B, C, D, E, and F, without an adequate lightning protection system. This is certainly a concern regarding security and safety for building users on the ITP campus. This research was conducted to reduce the risk of being hit by a lightning strike on the ITP campus. The protection system design process refers to the IEC 62305-3 standard comparing the protection angle and rolling sphere methods. Meanwhile, the procedure for calculating building requirements for a protection system or building protection level refers to the PUIPP and IEC 1024-1-1 standards. After analyzing the lightning rods in 5 ITP campus buildings by comparing the protection angle and rolling sphere methods, it can be concluded that there are still parts of the building that are not protected by the size of the installed air terminal. To overcome this, adding or adjusting the air terminal level is necessary so that all buildings are in the protection area. In addition, in conducting the analysis, the method considered the best to provide clear information on the part of the building that needs protection and the amount of the building that has been protected is the Rolling sphere method.
Application of Preventive Measures in Lightning Protection
Based upon the new way of thinking concerning lightning protection (new results in primary and secondary lightning protection, the worldwide spread of lightning location systems, the wide use of risk assessment and economic aspects coming to the front) a novel concept has been introduced by the authors, namely the method of preventive lightning protection. The paper deals with both the definition (explanation) and the practical uses of the preventive lightning protection method. The preventive lightning protection method is discussed on a wide scale of possibilities thanked for the new theoretical and practical results of the field, but the authors are focusing basically on the practical uses. An important part of this paper deals with the theoretical background of the preventive lightning protection method in lightning protection theory. Some practical examples are explained, and avoidance of typical damages due to lightning strokes is shown, too.
Lightning Phenomenon, Effects and Protection of Structures from Lightning
Lightning is a sudden electrostatic discharge during an electrical storm between electrically charged regions of a cloud (called intra-cloud lightning or IC), between that cloud and another cloud (CC lightning), or between a cloud and the ground (CG lightning). Lightning is climate related, highly localized phenomena in nature known for dangerous consequences. A lightning strike can cause significant structural damage to a building. It can lead damage to machinery and equipment, both inside and outside the building and also may result in harm to people. This paper presents a review of lightning phenomenon, its effects and sets a methodology to be followed to provide a solution to both the direct and indirect effects of a lightning strike.
Procedia Technology, 2013
In every industry which has main office equipped with a lot of vulnerable equipments that has to be protected against any risk of damages from natural causes and others. One of the possibilities of this risk is coming from weather phenomenon which we called lightning. The number of lightning strikes per square kilometer per year is very high in the area of Subang, west Java, Indonesia. Damages of electronics equipment and the death of human life have been reported. The aim of the research is to evaluate the local lightning activity and to design and install the protection system against the danger of lightning strikes. Lightning Protection System (LPS) is needed to prevent the damages, fire, and death of human life from direct lightning strikes. The main office in this area has unique structure. Due to its unique form of the building some modification is needed for the external protection by implementing the iron plate on the location of the structure which will be hit by lightning. Lightning protection system for the whole area of main office building are analysed by using the electro geometric concept to determine the lightning protection system for the mobilization of the workers and vehicles during their activities in the region which has high lightning activity.
The Proposition to Safety of a Lightning Protection System for High Structures
This paper deals with investigation of safety for lightning protection of high structures. It has been also put forth that rolling – sphere method have advantageous and disadvantageous of have been analysed. Designing an air-termination system has shown that the graphical method of the "rolling sphere" is a powerful analysis in studying globally the interactions both among the structures on the roof of the same object and among the structures of surrounding technological installations, and constructions.
Planning and evaluation of preventive lightning protection
Recent work in lightning protection has shown a new method solving existing problems in primary and secondary lightning protection. These are the direct protection of human lives, and some cost effectiveness issues. The new method giving a practical solution to these questions is preventive lightning protection. Preventive lightning protection is a protection method based on the application of preventive measures for the time of the thunderstorm, when lightning hazard exists.
Theoretical framework of preventive lightning protection
Recently a new approach has been introduced in lightning protection, namely the preventive lightning protection. This lightning protection method differs from primary and secondary lightning protection in many aspects. The goal of each of these protection methods is the protection of human lives, material goods and cultural heritage from the effects of lightning. Primary and secondary lightning protection is based on the use of different devices. These devices are installed to the object to be protected, and protect it until dismantling them. In this aspect primary and secondary lightning protection are static lightning protection methods. Preventive lightning protection however is based on the usage of different preventive actions. These actions are executed only before lightning hazard develops, and are suspended after the lightning hazard passes. In this regard preventive lightning protection is a dynamic method. The paper describes the theoretical framework of preventive lightni...
A Review of Lightning Protection System - Risk Assessment and Application
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
A lightning strike could bring thousands mega-ampere of current in a blink of eyes. As a result, a failure of grounding the strike may cause serious damage to the home and industrial appliances and gadgets. Hence, a lightning protection system is essential to the current transmission system. Lighting is a natural phenomenon that is unavoidable. Hence, the study of the properties and characteristics of lightning is a must in designing lighting protection system. Every application has different criteria to be fulfilled. The type of lighting protection system is categorized based on the location and user. The different of location is a public area, transportation system, power system transmission and generation system which include renewable energy source. Each area can conclude different level of protection. This paper is assessing the possibility and probability of transient impact on all applications including, public area, power system line, and generating system. The review includes countermeasure which addressed few steps to determine the effect of lightning and countermeasure of protection.