Additive versus inclusive approaches to measuring brand equity: Practical and ethical implications (original) (raw)

ORGANIZATIONAL AND CUSTOMER PERSPECTIVES ON BRAND EQUITY: ISSUES FOR MANAGERS AND RESEARCHERS

Marketers have long been concerned with the issue of brand equity. This paper argues that most common notions of brand equity are at worst flawed and at best limited by a failure to view the concept in its widest context. The paper introduces the separate but related ideas of organizational and customer brand equity, with their sub-components. It is argued that when both managers and academics alike begin to understand these wider dimensions of brand equity, they will gain insights into the management of brands and the researching thereof that were previously unattainable under the more restrictive notions of brand equity currently employed

Assessing the literature on brand equity: From past, present to future

2013

Background: Brand equity is considered to be one of the most important organizational resources. The history of academic research on brand equity traces back to late 1980s.Until now several contributions have been made from past scholars on this concept from different perspectives.The literature review on this topic reveals that past researchers examined this concept in different country contexts, sectors, and product lines using variety of research methodologies. The focus of research on brand equity has been changing across different decades.Objectives: The objective of this paper was to review the literature on brand equity published since 1990s to date with special focus on various issues relevant to brand equity in different contexts. Conclusion: In 1990s, research focused on the measurement of brand equity, whereas in 2000s the emphasis was shifted towards revealing significant variables as antecedents and consequences of brand equity.In recent years as well, researchers have ...

Towards a Unified Theory of Brand Equity: Conceptualizations, Taxonomy and Avenues for Future Research

Journal of Product & Brand Management, 2015

This paper aims to look into contemporary thinking within the brand equity paradigm, with a view to establishing avenues for further research on the drivers of brand value formation, enabling a more in-depth understanding of the antecedents of brand equity and its determinants, as well as the development of an improved instrument to measure brand equity. We present a taxonomy of brand value grounded on a synthesis of contemporary approaches to the theme. In so doing we identify gaps in the brand equity literature, which we hope will serve as beacons for future research and provide valuable theoretical insights on the determinants of brand value formation and the development of better brand equity measurement tools. We argue that the unifying brand equity theory must be based on three pillars: stakeholder value, marketing assets and brand financial performance outputs

Consumer-based brand equity measurement: lessons learned from an international study

International Marketing Review, 2015

Purpose -The paper examines the performance of Aaker's dominant conceptualization of consumer-based brand equity (brand awareness, brand associations, perceived quality and brand loyalty) in a multi-national and multi sector European context and highlights important lessons vis-à-vis the measurement of brand assets across countries.

Consumer-based brand equity conceptualisation and measurement: a literature review

International Journal of Market Research, 2010

Although there is a large body of research on brand equity, little in terms of a literature review has been published on this since paper. To address this gap, this paper brings together the scattered literature on consumer based brand equity's conceptualization and measurement. Measures of consumer based brand equity are classified as either direct or indirect. Indirect measures assess consumer based brand equity through its demonstrable dimensions and are superior from a diagnostic level. The paper concludes with directions for future research and managerial pointers for setting up a brand equity measurement system.

The Theoretical Separation of Brand Equity and Brand Value

During the past 15 years, brand equity has been a priority topic for both practitioners and academics. Despite the attention it has received during this period, no consistent measure of brand equity has been adopted. In this article, the authors propose a new framework for conceptualizing brand equity that distinguishes between brand equity, conceived of as an intrapersonal construct that moderates the impact of marketing activities, and brand value, which is the sale or replacement value of a brand. Such a distinction is important because, from a managerial perspective, the ultimate goal of brand equity research should be to understand how to leverage equity to create value.

Brands and brand equity: definition and management

In consumer marketing, brands often provide the primary points of differentiation between competitive offerings, and as such they can be critical to the success of companies. Hence, it is important that the management of brands is approached strategically. However, the lack of an effective dialogue between functions that are disparate in philosophy and do not have a common and compatible use of terminology may be a barrier to strategic management within organisations. No more is this evident than between the functions of marketing and accounting. This article seeks to establish the relationships between the constructs and concepts of branding, and to provide a framework and vocabulary that aids effective communication between the functions of accounting and marketing. The assumption in the article is that good communication between functions within organisations aids strategic management. A model for the management of brand equity is also offered.

Integrating Product and Corporate Brand Equity into Total Brand Equity Measurement

International Journal of Marketing …, 2011

Previous studies on brand equity measurement can be classified into the following main streams: (1) Customer-based Brand Equity (CBBE), where the value of the brand is determined by customers' associations with a product brand and (2) Corporate Brand Equity (CBE), where the value of the brand is determined by stakeholders' associations toward a corporate brand. This paper proposes a holistic approach to Total Brand Equity (TBE) measurement which integrates Customer-based Brand Equity and Corporate Brand Equity into Total Brand Equity measurement. This approach offers a more comprehensive perspective for brand equity valuation which addresses a company's relationships with its customers and stakeholders at large. Further, this paper offers a series of propositions that address the relationship between total brand equity and corporate performance.

Getting to grips with the dimensions of brand equity: An exploratory European study amongst consultants and managers

brand.usi.ch

It is well-established that consumer-based brand equity is one of the main indicators of brand success and one of the most important intangible assets for organisations. However, there is very little agreement on its constituent dimensions. A review of the pertinent literature has moreover identified that most of the research originates from the US and there has been little research with practitioners to gain insights into their views of appropriate measures of brand equity. Fifteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with senior brand consultants and managers in UK, Germany and Greece. The findings suggest four categories of measures namely consumers' understanding of brand characteristics; consumers' brand evaluation; consumers' feelings about the brand; and finally consumer's behaviour towards the brand.