pervasive Works in Progress : Healthcare Systems and Other Applications (original) (raw)
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Supporting People with Dementia Using Pervasive Health Technologies
Advanced Information and Knowledge Processing, 2010
Page 1. Chapter 1 Supporting People with Dementia Using Pervasive Healthcare Technologies Maurice D. Mulvenna, Chris D. Nugent, Ferial Moelaert, David Craig, Rose-Marie Dröes, and Johan E. Bengtsson Abstract In this ...
Pervasive Services for Elderly
Pursuing successful ageing has been targeted by adopting Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in the healthcare industry for years, in the name of pervasive healthcare computing [7], e-Inclusion [48], and Ambient Assisting Living (AAL) [49]. On-demand access to medical information anywhere and anytime has brought benefits to physicians and patients. More advanced applications like personal and assistive robotics can assist elderly persons and people with disabilities [4]. Efforts have also been made for facilitating elderly and disabled person's independence at home through smart environments [5][6]. Stanford [7] has pointed out that pervasive computing promises a significant improvement in quality of life for the elderly. We consider successful ageing equal with independent ageing, that is, with the ability to complete basic daily activities without personal assistance. Pervasive Service Computing (PSC) aims to facilitate users' everyday activities by ubiquitously supporting them with network-accessed web services [13][19]. We believe that Pervasive Service Computing can improve independent ageing by delivering personal services that match each elderly person's particular needs. The main contribution of this paper is shaping this vision to the concept of Pervasive Service Computing for Elderly (PSC4E). We emphasize PSC4E as an emerging technology for achieving successful ageing. The remainder of the paper is organized as follows: Section 2 presents National Center for Medical Rehabilitation Research (NCMRR) elderly impairment model for research on the navigation of independent ageing. Section 3 reviews Quality of Life domains and indicators of independent ageing. Section 4 studies the PSC4E service model. Section 5 presents the PSC4E framework. Section 6 presents a brief literature review. Conclusions and discussions are drawn in section 7. 2 NCMRR Elderly Disability Model The elderly commonly have conditions that limit their daily activities. The National Center for Medical Rehabilitation Research (NCMRR) [45] defines five overlapping research domains relevant to studying disability. Pathophysiology refers to the aberration from normal physiological and developmental processes. Research focuses on cellular, structural, or functional events subsequent to injury, disease, or genetic abnormality. Impairment is a loss or abnormality at the organ level. Such organ impairment may cause difficulties with movement, hearing, vision, or cognition. Functional limitation refers to lack of ability to perform an action within the range of an organ system. Function is the performance of an action for which a person or thing is especially fitted or normally used. Disability is defined as a limitation in fulfilling tasks to expected levels. Research focuses on the successful adaptations made by individuals with disabilities. Societal limitation refers to lack of ability to perform societal activities. Research examines the effectiveness of different rehabilitation interventions with the societal institutions.
COGKNOW development and evaluation of an ICT-device for people with mild dementia
Studies in health technology and informatics, 2007
Dementia is a progressive, chronic disease affecting 5% of all persons above 65 and over 40% of people over 90. The aim of the COGKNOW project is to achieve a breakthrough with research that addresses the needs of those with dementia, particularly those with mild dementia living in the community. This entails cognitive reinforcement in four main areas: helping people to remember, helping to maintain social contact, helping with performing daily life and recreational activities and finally enhance feelings of safety. Based on a sound foundation of needs reported in dementia literature, workshops and individual interviews have been carried out with dementia sufferers and their carers in three European countries. A ranked analysis of information from workshops and interviews, and the state of the art of successful ICT solutions will be the basis for formulating the functionalities of the technical solution and for the development of a cognitive prosthetic device with associated service...
Technology supporting the everyday life of people with dementia
People with dementia have increased needs for support when carrying out everyday tasks. Even mild forms of dementia are associated with a diminished quality of life, poor self-esteem, anxiety, and social isolation. Whereas in the past, technology research has largely focused on ensuring safety and security of dementia patients, the focus is increasingly on positively enhancing the quality of life of dementia patients living at home. More recent work, therefore, has adopted a needs-led approach to ensure that interactive devices are more usable and relevant to dementia patients. In line with this, the aim of the present study was to develop design concepts for technology supporting people with dementia in their independent living, based on interviews about the needs of users and their carers. The results show the need for both independence and social interaction as the main concern. From the carers' point of view, technology for supporting social interaction is also seen as a major domain that technology development should focus on. A review of current research, the findings of our interview study, and resulting design scenarios are presented in this paper.
Evaluating a Potential Commercial Tool for Healthcare Application for People with Dementia
The widespread use of smartphones and sensors has made physiology, environment, and public health notifications amenable to continuous monitoring. Personalized digital health and patient empowerment can become a reality only if the complex multisensory and multimodal data is processed within the patient context, converting relevant medical knowledge into actionable information for better and timely decisions. We apply these principles in the healthcare domain of dementia. Specifically, in this study we validate one of our sensor platforms to ascertain whether it will be suitable for detecting physiological changes that may help us detect changes in people with dementia. This study shows our preliminary data collection results from six healthy participants using the commercially available Hexoskin vest. The results show strong promise to derive actionable information using a combination of physiological observations from passive sensors present in the vest. The derived actionable information can help doctors determine physiological changes associated with dementia, and alert patients and caregivers to seek timely clinical assistance to improve their quality of life.
2021
MFA Plan C Thesis project documentation for an agile-style four iteration project.Designing for cognitive decline using a tablet-based system to support failing memory, this project aims to mitigate the consequences of cognitive decline. The study occurs across four development iterations, resulting in four fully functional prototypes, using the author’s mother as the subject. The results of each iteration informs the decisions taken in the next, utilizing an agile-style methodology in its development process. Final results and observations include speculation about future applications and directions for this system
International Psychogeriatrics, 2009
Background: The role of technology to facilitate independent living for people with dementia is not fully realized, with initial attempts (e.g. tracking devices) being considered unacceptable from a practical and ethical perspective. The aim of this study is to create acceptable and effective prototype technologies to facilitate independence for people with dementia through a user-centered design process involving them and their carers. Method: The study comprised a three-stage participatory design process: scoping stage (five focus groups, 10 people with dementia and 11 carers); participatory design stage (five workshops, 22 participants) and prototype development stage (four meetings with two people with dementia and one carer). Focus groups and workshops were digitally recorded, fully transcribed and subjected to constant comparative analysis. Results: People with mild to moderate dementia enjoy a variety of activities both on their own and with their families; however, concerns included getting lost, a loss of confidence with curtailment of usual activities, and carer anxiety. Existing technologies (mobile phones) were used intermittently. Participants felt strongly that future devices should be disguised and be integrated easily into their daily routines. Suggested areas for functional improvement included two-way communications, flexibility of function as the illness progresses, and something to "guide" them home when out walking or driving. Attention should also be focused on minimizing the size, weight and visibility of devices to reduce stigmatization. Conclusion: Prototypes for two devices (armband and electronic notepad) were developed. The study showed that involving people with dementia in the process of participatory design is feasible and could lead to devices which are more acceptable and relevant to their needs.