Recovery of succinic acid from whey fermentation broth by reactive extraction coupled with multistage processes (original) (raw)
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Separation Science and Technology, 2015
This work aims to study how to remove the organic acid by-products from simulated fermentation broth containing succinic acid by re~ctive extraction. Model solutions including single-, binary-, ternary-, and quaternary-solute solutions were used. The broths were reactively extracted using 0.25 mol TOA/kg l-octanol under pH of 2.45-6.0. The extracted broths were then distillated under vacuum-0.017 MPa with operating temperature between 45 and 65°(, Finally the distilled broths were crystallized at 4°C and pH of 2.0. The results showed that the purity and yield of succinic acid of 99.10% and 30.25%, respectively, were obtained.
In situ reactive extraction of lactic acid from fermentation media
Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology, 2001
Extractive lactic acid fermentation was investigated in the presence of sun¯ower oil and Alamine-336 (with oleyl alcohol as the diluent solvent). Lactic acid was produced in various media at 37°C using Lactobacillus delbrueckii . First, the effects of oleyl alcohol (33.3%, v/v), immobilisation, and immobilisation in the presence of sun¯ower oil (5, 10, 15%, v/v) on lactic acid production were investigated. It was found that oleyl alcohol did not affect production while addition of sun¯ower oil increased lactic acid production from 10.22 to 16.46 gdm À3 . On the other hand, a toxic effect was observed for oleyl alcohol solutions containing 15±50% (v/v) Alamine-336. A maximum total lactic acid concentration of 25.59 gdm À3 was obtained when an oleyl alcohol solution containing 15% (v/v) Alamine together with immobilised cells with 15% (v/v) sun¯ower oil was used. This value was about 2.5 times that obtained from fermentation without organic solutions.
Lactic acid is an important chemical product with wide use in many industrial fields. About a half of world production of lactic acid is made by fermentation of different sugars by means of Lactobacillus sp. strains. Two methods for overcoming the problems, arising from the difference in pH optima for extraction and fermentation in the extractive lactic acid fermentation, are proposed. The first method is based on the use of a mixed extractant composed by tri-n-octylamine (TOA) and Aliquat 336 (methyltrioctylammomium chloride), dissolved in decanol and dodecane. The use of mixed extractant leads to increase in extraction performance in comparison with individual extractants. The extraction efficiency depends on initial acid concentration, pH and Aliquat/TOA ratio as well. While at 5 gl -1 lactic acid the distribution coefficient increase with increasing of Aliquat concentration, for 10 and 25 gl -1 lactic acid the value of distribution coefficient passes through maximum. With increase of acid concentration the position of the maximum shifts to higher TOA concentration. The second method includes the use of tri-n-octylamine (TOA) partially converted to amine hydrochloride. This approach leads to increase in the extraction performance in comparison to the extraction with TOA at high pH values. The extraction efficiency depends on initial lactic acid concentration, pH value, and degree of loading with HCl.
Separation of lactic acid from fermented broth by reactive extraction
Bioseparation, 2000
The separation of lactic acid from complex fermentation broth was examined. Liquid-liquid extraction using reversible chemical complexation for reactive extraction was chosen to be the separation method. Over 50% yield of lactic acid was obtained from fermented broth in a single extraction step, when using the tertiary amine as the extractant, 1-dekanol as the diluent and trimethylamine (TMA) as the stripping solution. The effect of complex media on the extraction behaviour has hardly been examined previously.
An integrated membrane process that consists of nanofiltration (NF) and vapor permeation (VP) was employed as a series of purification process for fermentation-derived succinic acid. Separation performance of a ceramic NF membrane was examined for both model solutions and fermentation broth. Rejection of organic acids was investigated for model solutions as a function of feed pressure, feed concentration, and pH. For fermentation broth, the NF showed its usefulness for protein and color removal rather than separation among organic acids. The esterification reactions of succinic acid with ethanol were initially investigated using model solutions. The yield of diethyl succinate (DES) was the function of initial reactant ratio whilst the operating temperature played an important role in productivity. Realistic purification was performed with NF-treated fermentation broth using Actinobacillus succinogenes ATTC 55618 as the succinic acid producer. The yield and volumetric productivity of DES strongly depended on the dehydration rate. Experimental results showed that most succinic acid was converted into DES at the end of the VP-assisted esterification reaction. After fractionation and hydrolysis, a high purity of succinic acid was obtained.
Separation and Purification Technology
Spent sulphite liquor produced as side stream from sulphite pulping of Eucalyptus globulus hardwood could be used for the separation of lignosulphonates by nanofiltration in the retentate stream and succinic acid production via fermentation of the permeate stream by Actinobacillus succinogenes or Basfia succiniciproducens. The potential integration of this process in conventional pulp mills towards the development of a novel biorefinery is dependent on the efficient downstream separation of succinic acid crystals at high yield and purity. This study focuses on the evaluation of five downstream separation processes, namely calcium precipitation, direct crystallisation using acidification or cation-exchange resins, salting-out and reactive extraction, for the purification of succinic acid from crude fermentation broths. Reactive extraction using trioctylamine in 1-hexanol and direct crystallisation coupled with cation-exchange resins led to succinic acid recovery yields of 73% and 79%, respectively. 1 H-NMR analysis showed that these downstream separation processes led to succinic acid crystal purities of ca 98.5% for reactive extraction and higher than 99% for the direct crystallisation method coupled with cation-exchange resins with no detectable acetic acid content when re-crystallisation was employed. It has been demonstrated that succinic acid produced via fermentation using side streams from pulp and paper mills could be separated at high purity and yield from crude fermentation broths rendering feasible its utilisation for poly(butylene succinate) production.
Extraction of succinic acid from real fermentation broth via emulsion liquid membrane
2018
Succinic acid is listed as one of the twelve building block chemicals based on the ease of production through a biotechnological approach and potential to derive various chemicals. The application of bio-based succinic acid is still limited due to high downstream processing costs. One of the potential methods to recover succinic acid is emulsion liquid membrane (ELM). The ELM system consists of three main liquid phases; external feed, membrane, and internal. In this study, the membrane phase was prepared by dissolving Amberlite LA2 as a carrier, sorbitan monooleate (Span 80) and polyoxyethylenesorbitan monooleate (Tween 80) as surfactants in commercial grade palm oil, while the internal phase comprised of sodium carbonate solution, Na 2 CO 3 . The influence of emulsifying time, agitation speed, and agitation time on the water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) emulsion stability were studied. The most stable condition was implemented on various external phase concentrations to study the extrac...
Effects of Organic Phase, Fermentation Media, and Operating Conditions on Lactic Acid Extraction
Lactic acid has extensive uses in the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic and chemical industry. Lately, its use in producing biodegradable polymeric materials (polylactate) makes the production of lactic acid from fermentation broths very important. The major part of the production cost accounts for the cost of separation from very dilute reaction media where productivity is low as a result of the inhibitory nature of lactic acid. The current method of extraction/separation is both expensive and unsustainable. Therefore, there is great scope for development of alternative technology that will offer efficiency, economic, and environmental benefits. One of the promising technologies for recovery of lactic acid from fermentation broth is reactive liquid-liquid extraction. In this paper the extraction and recovery of lactic acid based on reactive processes is examined and the performance of a hydrophobic microporous hollow-fiber membrane module (HFMM) is evaluated. First, equilibrium experiments were conducted using organic solutions consisting of Aliquat 336/trioctylamine (as a carrier) and tri-butyl phosphate (TBP)/sunflower oil (as a solvent) The values of the distribution coefficient were obtained as a function of feed pH, composition of the organic phase (ratio of carrier to solvent), and temperature (range 8-40 °C). The optimum extraction was obtained with the organic phase consisting of a mixture of 15 wt % tri-octylamine (TOA) and 15% Aliquat 336 and 70% solvent. The organic phase with TBP performed best but is less suitable because of its damaging properties (toxicity and environmental impact) and cost. Sunflower oil, which performed moderately, can be regarded as a better option as it has many desirable characteristics (nontoxic, environment-and operator-friendly) and it costs much less. The percentage extraction was approximately 33% at pH 6 and at room temperature (can be enhanced by operating at higher temperatures) at a feed flow rate of 15-20 L/h. These results suggest that the hollow-fiber membrane process yields good percentage extraction at the fermentation conditions and its in situ application could improve the process productivity by suppressing the inhibitory effect of lactic acid.