A Knowledge-Based Systems Approach to Design of Spatial Decision Support Systems for Environmental Management (original) (raw)
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The physical environment in which our inhabitant and continuing existence depends on has limited resources, therefore current generations are responsible for using these resources efficiently, to achieve their objectives without compromising those of future generations. Rapid development and ill-informed decisions usually cause indefinable environmental degradation and ecological deterioration. The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) process was developed to ensure protection and conservation of the environment and natural resources including human health aspects against uncontrolled development. Due to the dynamic characteristics and multivariate nature of the environment, it has often been difficult to collate, analyse and interpret its datasets. Overcoming these difficulties can be achieved with the application of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and related technologies. GIS also offers a graphical presentation of the EIA study, through graphics and spatial analysis tools for supporting decision-making. This research aims to investigate the integration of GIS into each stage of the EIA process, in addition to developing a conceptual framework to integrate GIS into the entire EIA process. The integration aims to facilitate the EIA process execution, improve data analysis, and assist decision-makers to make sound decisions as an attempt towards sustainable decision-making. To achieve this aim, a research methodology is designed to accomplish three objectives. First, build an in-depth understanding of the research topic by conducting an intensive literature review on EIA and GIS main concepts. Second, present and analyse examples where EIA practice benefited from GIS through analytic case studies. Third, propose an innovative decision-making framework through developing a conceptual framework for GIS integration into the entire EIA process.