Changes in the extreme air temperature in Czech Republic (original) (raw)

Fluctuation of maximum and minimum air temperatures in the Czech and the Slovak Republics

Atmospheric Research, 1995

According to the data averaged for eleven representative non-urban stations in the Czech Republic and fourteen stations in the Slovak Republic in the period 1961-1992, the mean air temperatures, mean daily maxima and mean daily minima exhibited a positive trend in winter (statistically significant), in spring, in summer and in the year, and a negative trend in autumn. Insignificant were changes in the mean daily temperature range within the limits of-0.16 and 0.15°C/10 yr, while a significant positive trend was exhibited by the typical mountain station at Mt. Lomnick3~ ~tft (2635 m). At stations in Prague, affected by the urban heat island, an intensification of positive trends was reflected. Long-term changes of the above temperature characteristics were documented using Prague-Klementinum as an example a typical urban station and Hurbanovo as a locally anthropogenically unaffected station. Changes in mean maxima (with the exception of winter) and of the daily temperature range are closely connected with the cloud cover, while its correlation coefficients with mean minima are not significant. In the case of Hurbanovo there appears a close connection of changes in daily temperature range to relative humidity (with the exception of winter).

Climate fluctuations in the Czech Republic during the period 1961-2005

International Journal of Climatology, 2009

This article addresses climatic fluctuations in the Czech Republic in the period 1961–2005. On the basis of data collected at 23 climatological stations, the fluctuations in monthly, seasonal, and annual series of selected climate variables, homogenized by means of Standard Normal Homogeneity Test (SNHT) (after Alexandersson), are analysed. With almost unchanging temperature continentality expressed by the Gorczyński index, the annual series of mean air temperature, maximum and minimum temperature, daily temperature range, and sunshine duration all exhibit a rising linear trend, in contrast to dropping trends in relative air humidity, number of days with snow cover, and mean wind speed. There are no pronounced changes in precipitation totals, although their distribution over the course of the year becomes more regular in terms of the Markham seasonality index. Temperature trends, with the exception of autumn, show a clear enhancement since the 1980s; statistically significant rising trends occur for only spring, summer and the year in a good agreement with the Northern Hemisphere series. Linkage to fluctuation in the North Atlantic Oscillation Index (NAOI) is best expressed by the Czech temperature characteristics for January, February, and winter (in similar fashion to that for the number of days with snow cover), which can be ascribed to intensification of the western airflow over Central Europe. On the other hand, linkage to NAOI for precipitation is essentially weaker, because of the role of synoptic processes in influencing the occurrence of precipitation at the regional scale. Better relationships for temperature variables and wind speed are obtained if the Central European Zonal Index (CEZI) is used instead of NAOI as an indicator of circulation patterns in Central Europe. Copyright © 2008 Royal Meteorological Society

Variability of weather extremes in Poland in the period 1951-2006

2008

Daily precipitation totals and daily minimum and maximum temperatures from 21 Polish stations were used to calculate records of indices of temperature and precipitation extremes in the period 1951-2006. Because the distributions of extreme indices are generally far from normal, especially for indices defined as day counts, the popular trend estimators like linear trend calculated by the least mean squares method are not robust. The Kendall tau test and Sen's trend estimators were used and their results were compared with those obtained by more traditional methods. A statistically significant increase of annual frequencies of summer and hot days and the decrease in the frequencies of ice and frost days and in the length of the frost season has occurred in Poland. All percentiles of daily minimum and maximum temperature have increased also, but the increases of extreme percentiles (1, 5, 95 and 99) were not significant especially according to the Kendall tau test. Trends of monthl...

Extreme precipitation events in the Czech Republic in the context of climate change

Advances in Geosciences, 2008

As an introduction, short survey of two analyses of long-term fluctuations of annual precipitation totals in the Czech Republic is presented. The main focus of this paper is to contribute to investigation of precipitation trends in the Czech Republic by another point of view. For every pixel of 1 km 2 size, annual maxima of daily precipitation were obtained for time period of 112 years (1895-2006). Based on these time series, we were trying to answer question if there are some changes of area size/distribution of annual maximum of daily precipitation totals. Courses and trends are analyzed for some parameters of area distribution of annual maximum of daily precipitation totals in the area of the Czech Republic. No significant climate changes of tested precipitation characteristics were found.

Summer air temperatures in Ljubljana (Slovenia) and Olomouc (Czech Republic) in the period 1961-2000

Dela, 2005

The paper analyses daily maximum temperatures in Ljubljana, Slovenia, and Olomouc, Czech Republic, in the summer months 1961-2000 in order to validate the assumption on global warming affecting climate in Central Europe. Data on maximum temperatures were processed to reveal trends in temperature variability as well as in the frequency of summer days (days with maximum temperature 25.0°C or higher) and tropical days (t max 30.0°C or higher).

Climatic regions of the Czech Republic

Journal of Maps, 2013

The map created represents the result of an application of Quitt's Climate Classification to a dataset of climatic characteristics of the Czech Republic from 1961 to 2000. The Quitt's climatic classification is based on dividing a territory into climate regions (units) according to complex climatological characteristics. These units represent specified classes defined by the combination of values of 14 climatological characteristics. All units are included in three basic climatic regions: warm, moderately warm and cold. The classification is popular as it allows the definition on a single map of site boundaries where there are changes in climatic characteristics. There are 17 climatic units (from a 23 possible units) recognized for the given time period in the Czech Republic. The study includes an assessment of compliance of the resulting map with the actual values of selected meteorological characteristics. The map provides a comprehensive overview of climatic characteristics for the Czech Republic.

Evaluation of the monthly air temperature extremity for the 1961-2007 period

For the evaluation of monthly temperature extremity of the 1961–2007 period three stations in south Moravia (Brod nad Dyjí, Lednice and Velké Pavlovice) were chosen. The elevation of the stations is about 200 m a.s.l. and their relative distance is 11–17 km. The mean monthly air temperature based on daily means was compared with the mean monthly air temperature of the normal-period (1961–1990) concrete month. According to the standard deviation of the normal-period included in this difference, the extremity categories were defined. Every month was included to the defined category of extremity (extraordinary above normal, far above normal, above normal, normal, below normal, far below normal and extraordinary below normal). As extraordinary above normal 79 months, as far above normal 115 moths, as above normal 175 were classified. As extraordinary below normal 32 months, as far below normal 86 and as below normal 129 were classified. Periods of 1961–1970 and 1971–1980 contain more cold months than the last two periods (with the prevailing warm month). This trend of warming during last 17 years is perceptible at all stations. From this study, the spatial temperature diversity is obvious even in a small area considered.

The extreme year—analysis of thermal conditions in Poland in 2018

Theoretical and Applied Climatology

The study objective was the determination of thermal conditions in Poland in 2018 on the background of the multi-annual period 1966-2018. The study was based on data obtained from the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management-National Research Institute. The research showed a statistically significant increase in mean daily air temperature in the years 1966-2018. The highest mean annual air temperature over the prevailing area in the analysed multi-annual period was recorded in 2018. In that year, mean air temperature was lower than the mean value from the multi-annual period only during 2 months (February and March). The highest anomalies of mean monthly air temperature were observed in April.

Analysis of Annual and Seasonal Air Temperature Trends in Central Part of Romania

Present Environment and Sustainable Development, 2020

In the present study, the research was focused on analyzing long-term trends and variability of annual and seasonal air mean temperatures and some parameters related to cold and hot extreme temperatures, based on relevant continuous temperature data (1961-2018 period) provided by three regional weather stations (Cluj-Napoca, Deva and Miercurea-Ciuc). The Mann-Kendall test was used in order to find statistically-significant trends, while the magnitude of trends was estimated using Sen’s slope estimator method. The main results showed a significant increase of mean air temperature, especially in the summer season and for indicators related to hot extreme temperatures. Generally, our findings are consistent with the current global warming and previous study results on temperature variability in Romania. Anyway by comparing our results with those from the other similar studies performed in Romania, it could be observed that the climate became warmer in the study area, so the trend in an...