Migralepsy; clinical and electroencephalography findings in children (original) (raw)
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Relationship between migraine and abnormal EEG findings in children
Iranian journal of child neurology, 2012
Migraine is a disabling illness that causes absence from school and affects the quality of life. It has been stated that headache may represent an epileptic event. EEG abnormality is a prominent finding in children with migraine. The aim of this study was to evaluate EEG abnormalities in children with migraine. Two-hundred twenty-eight children were enrolled into the study. Evaluation and following of cases was performed by one physician, paraclinical tests were used to increase the accuracy. The study was conducted under the supervision of pediatric neurology masters and the selected cases were from different parts of the country. Comparing EEG abnormalities in different types of migraine revealed that there is an association between them. There was also a significant difference between EEG abnormalities in different types of aura. Migraine type was associated with the patient's age. Sleep disorders were more common in patients with a positive family history of seizure. Our stu...
Epilepsy, Migraine, and EEG Abnormalities in Children: A Review and Hypothesis
Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain, 1982
The relationship between migraine and epilepsy is reviewed. Recurrent paroxysmal episodes in children and their relationship to electroencephalographic abnormalities is discussed. Relevant literature concerning the 14 and 6/second positive spike pattern is also surveyed. The electroencephalographic data from a group of 116 pediatric headache patients was conpared to a group of 93 children previously diagnosed with seizure disorders. In the headache group, the 14 and 6/second positive spike abnormality was seen in 40.7% of the abnormal recordings, either by itself or with other abnormalities, and in 12.2% of all EEGs performed. This pattern was found in 6.5% of all abnormal EEGs and in 4.3% of all EEGs performed in the seizure group. It is hypothesized that the 14 and 6/second positive spike pattern is a marker for autonomic hyper-reactivity and is most readily found in children under 16 years of age. The use of the electroencephalogram in the pediatric headache work-up is emphasized to differentiate the "Seizure Equivalent" headache disorder from migraine. Anticonvulsant medication is the appropriate treatment for the "Seizure Equivalent" headache disorder.
A Study on Eeg Abnormalities in Children with Migraine
Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare, 2017
BACKGROUND Migraine is one of the common causes of headache in children. Migraine and epilepsy are both common episodic neurological disorders. The comorbidity of these two conditions is well known. Many researcher have pointed out that neuronal hyperexcitability is the initiating event for occurrence of migraine attack. The aim of the paper was to evaluate the EEG in children with migraine. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively analysed records of children who attended our paediatric outpatient department with diagnoses as suffering from migraine based on International Headache Society (IHS) diagnostic criteria. Apart from detailed clinical history, EEG of every patient was collected and analysed. EEG was performed interictally at least 24 hours after the last episode of headache attack in all the cases. RESULTS 56 children (age range, 4-14 years) constituted our study group. 64.3% children had migraine without aura (common type) and in 23.2% cases had migraine with aura (classic type) other were with migraine variants. Abnormal EEG was reported in 30.3% children. 17% of children with migraine without history of seizure had abnormal EEG. Sixty one percent of patients with aura had abnormal EEG. History of either febrile fits or afebrile fits was present in total 17.1% of cases. The type of paroxysmal discharges we came across was-a) Sharp waves, b) Spikes and c) Spike and slow wave complexes. Abnormal paroxysmal sharp and spike-wave complexes (also called spike-and-slow-wave complexes) were the most common EEG abnormality. CONCLUSION EEG abnormality was found in significant number of children with migraine both with and without history of seizure in our study. This indicates neuronal hyperexcitability during episodes of migraine. So, EEG should be considered in patients with clinical diagnoses of migraine to exclude association of any seizure activity.
Ictal Electroencephalographic Findings in Children with Migraine Headache
Iranian Journal of Child Neurology, 2019
Objectives In this study, the EEG findings in children with migraine headache were assessed in Bahrami Hospital, Tehran, Iran from 2014 to 2016. Materials & Methods In this observational cross-sectional study, 71 consecutive children with migraine headache were enrolled. The EEG findings were determined and compared with other variables. Results There were 25 cases (35.2%) with abnormal EEG and the type of EEG abnormality comprised slow waves and sharp waves in 19(68%) and 8(32%) patients, respectively Conclusion Nearly one-third of children with migraine might have abnormal EEG.
Evaluation of EEG abnormalities in children with migraine
Neurologia Dziecieca, 2010
Although EEG is not recommended for the clinical diagnosis of recurrent headache in children, but provides a vast potential for exploring the pathophysiology of migraine. The aim of the paper was the evaluation of EEG in children with migraine with and without aura. Material and method. Our study group consisted of 128 children and adolescents aged 7 -18 years: 35 with migraine with aura, 45 with migraine without aura and 48 subjects with episodic tension-type headache. Patients with epilepsy or seizures history were excluded. EEG was performed interictally at least 24 hours after the last headache attack. Results. EEG was interpreted as abnormal in 62.9% subjects with migraine with aura, 64.4% patients with migraine without aura and in 54.2% children with tension-type headaches. Epileptiform discharges were detected in about 50% of records in each group with recurrent headache. In migraine with aura vs. without aura there was a higher incidence of attenuation of EEG activity and focal slow activity, lower incidence of generalized epileptic activity and generalized slow activity. There was an obvious trend towards a higher incidence of epileptic activity in response to photic stimulation in migraine vs. tension-type headache, particularly in migraine without aura. There were no significant differences in distribution of alpha, beta, theta and delta rhythms of background EEG activity in patients with recurrent headaches. Conclusions. The results of our study based on children without seizure history seems to suggest that the increased incidence of EEG abnormalities in childhood migraine did not necessarily point to an epileptic origin. Some differences between interictal EEG patterns could confirm central neuronal hyperexcitability in migraine.
Migraine in the borderland of epilepsy: “Migralepsy” an overlapping syndrome of children and adults?
Epilepsia, 2012
Gowers gave migraine a place in the borderland of epilepsy, justified by many relations and the fact that distinction of these two diseases is difficult. Gowers based his ideas on clinical histories from his patients, and he concluded that in extremely rare instances one may develop while the other goes on. In modern times, patient testimonies of the problem of differentiating migraine from epilepsy are given in health-chat Websites. It shows clearly that distinction between the two conditions is still problematic and that migralepsy is either nonexisting or extremely rare as Gowers noticed.
International Neuropsychiatric Disease Journal
Background: There are different possible temporal associations between epileptic seizures and headache attacks which have given rise to unclear or controversial terminologies. The classification of the International League Against Epilepsy does not refer to this type of disorder, while the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-III beta version) defines three kinds of association: 1. migraine-triggered seizure (''migralepsy''), 2. hemicrania epileptica, and 3. post-ictal headache. Case Report: The history of the child show the temporal succession of clinical events that suggest the real "migralepsy". The case is interesting because of the susceptibility of crisis triggered by emotional factors as can be for the headache. The child describes her feel well and therefore the partial crisis documented by the EEG is well representative. Conclusion: The case is suggested for the rarity of this pathology also in the childhood.
Comorbidity of Migraine and Epilepsy in Pediatrics: A Review
Journal of Child Neurology, 2018
Migraine and epilepsy are classified as chronic paroxysmal neurologic disorders sharing many clinical features, as well as possible treatment options. This review highlights the similarities between migraine and epilepsy in pediatrics, focusing on epidemiologic, pathophysiological, genetic, clinical, and pharmacologic aspects. Despite the fact that several syndromes share symptoms of both migraine and epilepsy, further research is needed to clarify the pathophysiological and genetic basis of their comorbidity. Drugs used for prophylactic therapy of migraine and epilepsy have similar pharmacologic properties. The role of epileptic pharmacotherapy in the prophylaxis of migraine is assessed, including the use of conventional antiepileptic drugs, calcium channel blockers, and nonpharmacologic methods such as dietary therapy, supplements, and vagal nerve stimulation. Further randomized, controlled clinical trials assessing pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic methods for the treatment of b...