Displacement of the Regime : Tunisia , Egypt , and Libya Tunisia : Sobering Transition (original) (raw)
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The Arab Spring - its impact on the region and on the Middle East Conference
2012
The transformations broadly grouped under the term Arab Spring have shaken the foundations of a variety of Middle East regimes. This POLICY BRIEF provides an overview of different cases where changes of and within the regime have taken place, as well as yet unsolved situations, with a view to the upcoming Middle East Conference. Although the lack of progress in the Palestinian-Israeli conflict as well as the international debate over the Iranian nuclear program are still contentious issues, the Arab Spring uprisings and their aftermath may provide a new context in which arms control initiatives could be more successful. It is too optimistic to think that existing dilemmas can be easily resolved in this new and changing environment, but the Arab Spring may provide strong momentum for change. For the Facilitator of the Middle East Conference and his team the following factors should form a checklist of issues requiring immediate attention: how domestic events positively or negatively affect the decisions of involved actors; which countries are to take a leading and constructive role in the MEC process; how to benefit from a more visible Arab League; and finally, the Facilitator and his team should not ignore those countries which so far have not been affected by the Arab Spring but which will nevertheless be important for the Middle East Conference process. This POLICY BRIEF draws on the contributions of a number of participants from the ACADEMIC PEACE ORCHESTRA MIDDLE EAST workshop held in Barcelona, Spain, from January 24–27, 2012. Participants came from a number of Arab countries as well as Turkey, Israel, the United States, Germany, Spain, and Hungary.
A new political geography has emerged in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) after the Arab Spring. The transformative impact of the popular upheavals appeared to put an end to longterm authoritarian regimes. Today, the region is far from stable since authoritarian resilience violently pushed back popular demands for good governance and is pushing to restore former state structures. However, the collective consciousness of the popular revolts endures, and a transformative prospect may emerge on the horizon. The chaotic situation is the result of an ongoing struggle between those who seek change and transformation and others in favour of the status quo ante. A critical evaluation of the Arab Spring after five years indicates a continuous process of recalculation and recalibration of policies and strategies. There are alternative routes for an eventual settlement in the MENA region, which are in competition against both regional and transregional quests for a favourable order.
Five years after the Arab Spring: a critical evaluation
Third World Quarterly, 2016
A new political geography has emerged in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) after the Arab Spring. The transformative impact of the popular upheavals appeared to put an end to longterm authoritarian regimes. Today, the region is far from stable since authoritarian resilience violently pushed back popular demands for good governance and is pushing to restore former state structures. However, the collective consciousness of the popular revolts endures, and a transformative prospect may emerge on the horizon. The chaotic situation is the result of an ongoing struggle between those who seek change and transformation and others in favour of the status quo ante. A critical evaluation of the Arab Spring after five years indicates a continuous process of recalculation and recalibration of policies and strategies. There are alternative routes for an eventual settlement in the MENA region, which are in competition against both regional and transregional quests for a favourable order.
Journal of Islamic Studies, 2014
More than four years after the so-called "Arab Spring" began, headlines across most of the Middle East seem depressingly retro. The United States is fighting Sunni extremists in Iraq. Activists imprisoned for peacefully protesting a repressive government in Egypt are on hunger strike. Gazans are digging out from the most recent Israeli bombardment. People from Morocco to Oman face poor job prospects and rising living costs. In 2011, people in the region argued over which dictator would be the next to fall. Today, activists breathe a sigh of relief when colleagues are released from prison on bail, even if they still face farcical trials. The sole bright spot is Tunisia, where despite setbacks , a genuine political (if not yet social) transition continues. Both because of the depressing nature of current events and the ease with which they overwhelm, Dispatches from the Arab Spring: Understanding the New Middle East1 2 offers a head-clearing experience. Reading it is a bit like looking at a wedding album amidst divorce proceedings. It's a reminder of 1 Carolyn Barnett is a Fellow in the Middle East Program at the Center for Strategic and International Studies. 2 Paul Amar and Vijay Prashad (eds.), Dispatches from the Arab Spring: Understanding the New Middle East (Minneapolis, m n : University of Minnesota Press, 2013).
Arab Spring and the Future Prospects
International Review of Social Sciences , 2014
Abstract According to the current Arab situation, the Arab spring emerged in response to the political downturn. social and economic structures in the Arab world. The Arab Spring's future is undoubtedly difficult. Because of tyranny, people will encounter challenges along the way, but they will overcome them to create their future. is the root cause of corruption and social and economic injustice. During this historical period, which is being by the area, and the forces of change are spreading to the nations and areas they believe Far from the embers of public ire, they are safe from the change. However, it was vital to hear several specialists to learn about their thoughts and expectations regarding the events occurring in the area of the interactions and significant political shifts. The Syrian government attempted to reaffirm that a political solution to the crisis, not just with regard to the "Geneva Agreement," but also by attending the Conference to be held for peace negotiations in Geneva. In his comments to the Chinese channel, Assad emphasized: "Damascus has backed the Geneva initiative right away and raised expectations for the upcoming conference because of its the conviction that the only effective way to address the main issues is through political action," adding that "the success of the Various elements and circumstances are necessary for the Geneva Conference or any political action to success", noting that "preventing terrorist acts is the primary element for the Geneva Conference's success." and preventing terrorists from entering Syria from outside, as well as preventing the provision of weapons to terrorists as well as cash. "If we have not done so, any political action will be an illusion. The West probably became upset to deal with different political ideologies in the Arab world .they want to deal with a single power limited and controlled by political and economic relations. Here we note that the sudden change in political attitudes in the United States towards Iran is uncertain, as the regime in Syria to comply with Iran's choice and consent within a short time to change the entire equation by agreeing to destroy its military strategic deterrent force for promoting not only a Syrian national security but to Arab national security. Key Word: Arab spring, Geneva Conference, Syrian national security
Introduction to the Special Issue on the Arab Spring
University of Pennsylvania Journal of International Law, 2013
What quickly became known as the " Arab Spring" is a series of protest movements, reforn1 movements, and revolutions (son1e bloody and some relatively "bloodless") that l1as been ongoing for more than two years in the n1ajority-Muslim world of the Middle East and North Africa. Arab Spring recalls both the European Revolutions of 1848, dubbed the "Springtime of the Peoples," as well as the Prague Spring of 1968. And the events have drawn comparisons to the post-Soviet revolutions of 1989. The compilation of essays contained in this Special Issue of the Journal of lntenwtiounl Lmu reflects on these events from a variety of academic and policy perspectives, and grows out of the Journal's Novem.ber 2011 symposium entitled "Democracy in the Niiddle East."
Regime Changes and Uprisings in the Middle East and Parts of North Africa: Some Lessons to be Learnt
2016
The event leading to the death of Mohammed Bouzazi in Tunisia in 2009 brought to light the dehumanized conditions which an average Tunis had been subjected to at the hands of the Tunisian government. The death of Bouzazi lead to street protests and demonstrations by thousands of demonstrators, calling for political reforms, free speech, improved conditions of living, etc, in Tunisia. As a result of this, the regime of Zine El Abidine Ben Ali came to an end. With this success, citizens of other neighbouring countries in North Africa that had similar problems went to the streets asking for reform changes in their countries. These countries include Egypt, Libya, Syria, Yemen, Bahrain, etc. What later on followed is now history. Therefore, in this work, an overview of the events that led to the uprisings in the affected countries would be looked into. The aftermaths of these uprisings are no doubt what one should ponder upon. This is with a view to analysing the lessons to be learnt fro...
Tunisia, Egypt, and Libya After the Arab Spring Lacin Idil Oztig
Middle East Policy, 2023
This article analyzes the political transitions in Tunisia, Egypt, and Libya after the Arab Spring. While they share similarities regarding the overthrow of their long-lasting regimes, each country followed different trajectories. Early in the process, Tunisia underwent a smooth transformation, while Egypt witnessed intense polarization following the electoral success of the Muslim Brotherhood—and authoritarianism with the military coup two years later. Different from those two, Libya came to the brink of failure with a civil war, and the country still suffers from rampant violence. The article contends that Tunisia's success in the transition toward democracy lies in its relative homogeneity, consensus-building, and civil-military relations. The focus of the article is on the initial transitions. Tunisia's process appears to have stalled, and future study will be required to understand how such states can consolidate their democratic transitions.