Calcium signaling in diabetic cardiomyocytes (original) (raw)
Related papers
Defective intracellular Ca 2+ signaling contributes to cardiomyopathy in Type 1 diabetic rats
American Journal of Physiology - Heart and Circulatory Physiology, 2002
The goal of the study was to determine whether defects in intracellular Ca2+ signaling contribute to cardiomyopathy in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Depression in cardiac systolic and diastolic function was traced from live diabetic rats to isolated individual myocytes. The depression in contraction and relaxation in myocytes was found in parallel with depression in the rise and decline of intracellular free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i). The sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ store and rates of Ca2+ release and resequestration into SR were depressed in diabetic rat myocytes. The rate of Ca2+ efflux via sarcolemmal Na+/Ca2+ exchanger was also depressed. However, there was no change in the voltage-dependent L-type Ca2+ channel current that triggers Ca2+ release from the SR. The depression in SR function was associated with decreased SR Ca2+-ATPase and ryanodine receptor proteins and increased total and nonphosphorylated phospholamban proteins. The depression of Na+/Ca2+ ex...
Calcium Signaling in the Ventricular Myocardium of the Goto-Kakizaki Type 2 Diabetic Rat
Journal of Diabetes Research
The association between diabetes mellitus (DM) and high mortality linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major concern worldwide. Clinical and preclinical studies have demonstrated a variety of diastolic and systolic dysfunctions in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with the severity of abnormalities depending on the patients’ age and duration of diabetes. The cellular basis of hemodynamic dysfunction in a type 2 diabetic heart is still not well understood. The aim of this review is to evaluate our current understanding of contractile dysfunction and disturbances of Ca2+ transport in the Goto-Kakizaki (GK) diabetic rat heart. The GK rat is a widely used nonobese, nonhypertensive genetic model of T2DM which is characterized by insulin resistance, elevated blood glucose, alterations in blood lipid profile, and cardiac dysfunction.
Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine, 2008
RevIew CRITeRIA We searched PubMed and MEDLINE using "diabetes" as the key search word in combination with "heart failure", "cardiomyopathy", "left ventricular dysfunction", "cardiac hypertrophy", "animal models", "E-C coupling", "calcium regulation", "sarcoplasmic reticulum", "insulin resistance", "insulin signaling", "cardiac energetics" and "glucose metabolism". We searched all major cardiovascular and diabetes journals for related articles. Reference lists of key articles were searched to identify older publications. Due to space constraints recent reviews were preferentially cited over original contributions. Websites for the AHA, the American Diabetes Association, the International Diabetes Federation and the NIH were also consulted.
Experimental Physiology, 2012
There has been a spectacular rise in the global prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cardiovascular complications are the major cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. Contractile dysfunction, associated with disturbances in excitation-contraction coupling, has been widely demonstrated in the diabetic heart. The aim of this study was to investigate the pattern of cardiac muscle genes that are involved in the process of excitationcontraction coupling in the hearts of early onset (8-10 weeks of age) type 2 diabetic Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats. Gene expression was assessed in ventricular muscle with real-time RT-PCR; shortening and intracellular Ca 2+ were measured in ventricular myocytes with video edge detection and fluorescence photometry, respectively. The general characteristics of the GK rats included elevated fasting and non-fasting blood glucose and blood glucose at 120 min following a glucose challenge. Expression of genes encoding cardiac muscle proteins (Myh6/7, Mybpc3, Myl1/3, Actc1, Tnni3, Tnn2, Tpm1/2/4 and Dbi) and intercellular proteins (Gja1/4/5/7, Dsp and Cav1/3) were unaltered in GK ventricle compared with control ventricle. The expression of genes encoding some membrane pumps and exchange proteins was unaltered (Atp1a1/2, Atp1b1 and Slc8a1), whilst others were either upregulated (Atp1a3, relative expression 2.61 ± 0.69 versus 0.84 ± 0.23) or downregulated (Slc9a1, 0.62 ± 0.07 versus 1.08 ± 0.08) in GK ventricle compared with control ventricle. The expression of genes encoding some calcium (Cacna1c/1g , Cacna2d1/2d2 and Cacnb1/b2), sodium (Scn5a) and potassium channels (Kcna3/5,
Calcium Homeostasis in Ventricular Myocytes of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy
Journal of Diabetes Research
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder commonly characterized by high blood glucose levels, resulting from defects in insulin production or insulin resistance, or both. DM is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, with diabetic cardiomyopathy as one of its main complications. It is well established that cardiovascular complications are common in both types of diabetes. Electrical and mechanical problems, resulting in cardiac contractile dysfunction, are considered as the major complications present in diabetic hearts. Inevitably, disturbances in the mechanism(s) of Ca2+ signaling in diabetes have implications for cardiac myocyte contraction. Over the last decade, significant progress has been made in outlining the mechanisms responsible for the diminished cardiac contractile function in diabetes using different animal models of type I diabetes mellitus (TIDM) and type II diabetes mellitus (TIIDM). The aim of this review is to evaluate our current under...
Experimental Physiology, 2011
The association between type 2 diabetes and obesity is very strong, and cardiovascular complications are the major cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. The aim of this study was to investigate early changes in the pattern of genes encoding cardiac muscle regulatory proteins and associated changes in ventricular myocyte contraction and Ca 2+ transport in young (9-to 13-week-old) type 2 Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats. The amplitude of myocyte shortening was unaltered; however, time-to-peak shortening and time to half-relaxation of shortening were prolonged in ZDF myocytes (163 ± 5 and 127 ± 7 ms, respectively) compared with age-matched control rats (136 ± 5 and 103 ± 4 ms, respectively). The amplitude of the Ca 2+ transient was unaltered; however, time-to-peak Ca 2+ transient was prolonged in ZDF myocytes (66.9 ± 2.6 ms) compared with control myocytes (57.6 ± 2.3 ms). The L-type Ca 2+ current was reduced, and inactivation was prolonged over a range of test potentials in ZDF myocytes. At 0 mV, the density of L-type Ca 2+ current was 1.19 ± 0.28 pA pF −1 in ZDF myocytes compared with 2.42 ± 0.40 pA pF −1 in control myocytes. Sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ content, release and uptake and myofilament sensitivity to Ca 2+ were unaltered in ZDF myocytes compared with control myocytes. Expression of genes encoding various L-type Ca 2+ channel proteins (Cacna1c, Cacna1g , Cacna1h and Cacna2d1) and cardiac muscle proteins (Myh7) were upregulated, and genes encoding intracellular Ca 2+ transport regulatory proteins (Atp2a2 and Calm1) and some cardiac muscle proteins (Myh6, Myl2, Actc1, Tnni3, Tnn2, and Tnnc1) were downregulated in ZDF heart compared with control heart. A change in the expression of genes encoding myosin heavy chain and L-type Ca 2+ channel proteins might partly underlie alterations in the time course of contraction and Ca 2+ transients in ventricular myocytes from ZDF rats.
Mechanisms that may be involved in calcium tolerance of the diabetic heart
The Cellular Basis of Cardiovascular Function in Health and Disease, 1997
In diabetes the hearts exhibit impaired membrane functions, but also increased tolerance to Ca 2+ (iCaT) However, neither the true meaning nor the molecular mechanisms of these changes are fully understood. The present study is devoted to elucidation of molecular alterations, particularly those induced by non-enzymatic glycation of proteins, that may be responsible for iCaT of the rat hearts in the stage of fully developed, but still compensated diabetic cardiomyopathy (DH). Insulin-dependent diabetes (DIA) was induced by a single i.v. dose of streptozotocin (45 mg.kg -1 ). Beginning with the subsequent day, animals obtained 6 U insulin daily. Glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol and glycohemoglobin were investigated in blood. ATPase activities, the kinetics of activation of (Na,K)-ATPase by Na + and K + , further the fluorescence anisotropy of diphenyl-hexatriene as well as the order parameters of membranes in isolated heart sarcolemma (SL) were also investigated. In addition, the degree of glycation and glycation-related potency for radical generation in SL proteins were determined by investigating their fructosamine content. In order to study calcium tolerance of DH in a 'transparent' model, hearts were subjected to calcium paradox (Ca-Pa, 3 min of Ca 2+ depletion; 10 min of Ca 2+ repletion). In this model of Ca 2+ -overload, Ca 2+ ions enter the cardiac cells in a way that is not mediated by receptors. Results revealed that more than 83% of the isolated perfused DH recovered, while the non-DIA control hearts all failed after Ca-Pa. DH exhibited well preserved SL ATPase activities and kinetics of (Na,K)-ATPase activation by Na + , even after the Ca-Pa. This was considered as a reason for their iCaT. Pretreatment and administration of resorcylidene aminoguanidine (RAG 4 or 8 mg.kg -1 ) during the disease prevented partially the pathobiochemical effects of DIA-induced glycation of SL proteins. DIA-induced perturbations in anisotropy and order parameters of SL were completely prevented by administration of RAG (4 mg.kg -1 ). Although, the latter treatment exerted little influence on the (Na,K)-ATPase activity, it decreased the calcium tolerance of the DH. Results are supporting our hypothesis that the glycation-induced enhancement in free radical formation and protein crosslinking in SL may participate in adaptive mechanisms that may be also considered as 'positive' and are responsible for iCaT of the DH. (Mol Cell Biochem 176: 191-198, 1997)
Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, 2009
In acute diabetic myocardium, calcium signals propagated by intracellular calcium transients participate in the protection of cell energetics via upregulating the formation of mitochondrial energy transition pores (ETP). Mechanisms coupling ETP formation with an increase in membrane fluidity and a decrease in transmembrane potential of the mitochondria are discussed. Our results indicate that the amplification of calcium transients in the diabetic heart is associated with an increase in their amplitude. Moreover, the signals transferred by calcium transients also regulated ETP formation in nondiabetic myocardium. Evidence for the indispensable role of calcium in the regulation of transition pore formation is provided whereby an exchange of cadmium for calcium ions led to a rapid and dramatic decrease in the amount of ETP. Another possible regulatory factor of the mitochondrial function may be radical-induced damage to the diabetic heart. Nevertheless, our data indicate that radical-induced changes in mitochondria predominantly concern the respiratory chain and have no appreciable effect on the fluidity of the mitochondrial membranes. The residual mitochondrial production of ATP owing to its augmented transfer to the cytosol proved to be adequate to preserve sufficient levels of adenine nucleotides in the acute diabetic myocardium.
Diabetes Alters Intracellular Calcium Transients in Cardiac Endothelial Cells
PLoS ONE, 2012
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a diabetic complication, which results in myocardial dysfunction independent of other etiological factors. Abnormal intracellular calcium ([Ca 2+ ] i) homeostasis has been implicated in DCM and may precede clinical manifestation. Studies in cardiomyocytes have shown that diabetes results in impaired [Ca 2+ ] i homeostasis due to altered sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ ATPase (SERCA) and sodium-calcium exchanger (NCX) activity. Importantly, altered calcium homeostasis may also be involved in diabetes-associated endothelial dysfunction, including impaired endotheliumdependent relaxation and a diminished capacity to generate nitric oxide (NO), elevated cell adhesion molecules, and decreased angiogenic growth factors. However, the effect of diabetes on Ca 2+ regulatory mechanisms in cardiac endothelial cells (CECs) remains unknown. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of diabetes on [Ca 2+ ] i homeostasis in CECs in the rat model (streptozotocin-induced) of DCM. DCM-associated cardiac fibrosis was confirmed using picrosirius red staining of the myocardium. CECs isolated from the myocardium of diabetic and wild-type rats were loaded with Fura-2, and UTP-evoked [Ca 2+ ] i transients were compared under various combinations of SERCA, sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ ATPase (PMCA) and NCX inhibitors. Diabetes resulted in significant alterations in SERCA and NCX activities in CECs during [Ca 2+ ] i sequestration and efflux, respectively, while no difference in PMCA activity between diabetic and wild-type cells was observed. These results improve our understanding of how diabetes affects calcium regulation in CECs, and may contribute to the development of new therapies for DCM treatment.