Host Diversity of The Parasitic Genus Cuscuta in Northern Part of West Bengal, India (original) (raw)
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HOST DIVERSITY OF PARASITIC PLANT CUSCUTA REFLEXA (CONVOLVULACEAE) IN KAMRUP DISTRICT, ASSAM, INDIA
Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany, 2023
Cuscuta reflexa Roxb. (Convolvulaceae) is a holoparasitic plant species with a wide host diversity. Surveys conducted in different habitats of Kamrup district of Assam, India, to have a list of host plants. Altogether 76 species representing 65 genera of 34 angiosperm families were recorded as host plants which, as per growth forms, are herbs (36), shrubs (23), climbers (9) and trees (8). These largely belong to Asteraceae, Amaranthaceae, Euphorbiaceae and Lamiaceae, which constitute the Eudicots (Rosids and Asterids). Cuscuta reflexa is good in infesting the Dicot hosts over the Monocots.
Present survey is conducted on two species of which are distributed in different parts of Nadia district especially in Kalyani Township. 30 angiospermic host plants have been identified out by C. reflexa and only 5 plants has been attacked by distributed in 28 genera and 20 families. 2 plants has been identified as pseudo parasite and 2 plants belonging to pteridophytic group are also attacked by development of haustoria have been studied on 8 angiospermic plants. identified as primary host plant of dependent on some factors. Keywords: Host variability, haustorial development, PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH AND BIO PAPER-QR CODE 72-95 CUSCUTA (CUSCUTACEAE) IN NADIA DISTRICT PLANTS DEY, SOBHAN KR. MUKHERJEE Kalyani- 741235, West Bengal, India 03/08/2013; Published Date: 27/08/2013 Cuscuta (C. chinensis of which 25 angispermic plants are infected C. chinensis. All angiospermic plants are teridophytic Cuscuta. Detailed structure and Cuscuta. Structure of haustorium is variable which is Cuscuta, Cuscutaceae
Tropical Plant Research, 2017
The Cuscuta reflexa is a leaf less parasitic angiosperm belonging to the family Convolvulaceae and it is directly attaches to the host plants through the haustoria. During this investigation we find that the plant is a hemiand holoparasite, living on wood yielding, fruit yield in great medicinally important plants species. In present study, systematic survey and identification of the different host plants was undertaken. Surveys were conducted to find out the host plants of Cuscuta reflexa from different localities of Betla National Park areas of Jharkhand, India. In a survey 33 species, representing 30 genera belong to 23 families were recognized as host plants for it. Host plants were also examined for anatomical and biochemical studies. Haustorium penetration in host stem and size of the haustorium was found specific to the host. Each transverse section of host stem showed haustorium reached up to the secondary xylem. Poly-phenol oxidase activity and protein content were also studied in healthy and infected stem of Ziziphus mauritiana, Cajanus cajan and Ficus glomerata by Cuscuta reflexa. It was interesting to note that the protein content is markedly stimulated in all infected host plants. The maximum stimulation was recorded in Ziziphus mauritiana while minimum in Artocarpus integrifolia. The impact of Cuscuta reflexa on host growth, allometry and reproduction was also studied and found that it was major factor, which lead to changes in competitive balances between host and non-host species and therefore affect community structure, vegetation and population dynamics. Impacts on hosts may further affect herbivores, pollinators and seed vectors, and behaviour & diversity of these is often closely linked to the presence and abundance of parasitic plants.
Host Range of Cuscuta gronovii in Raigad and Thane Districts in Konkan Region of Maharashtra, India
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences. 8(4): 1293-1301, 2019
Present survey was conducted on dodder (Cuscuta gronovii) which are occupies in different locations of Raigad and Thane districts of Konkan region of Maharashtra. Dodder (Cuscuta gronovii) is complete stem parasite. Pulses are cultivated in Konkan region during Rabi season after harvest of Kharif rice. Cuscuta causes a serious problem in pulses. The surveys were conducted for host range of Cuscuta gronovii in different locations of Raigad and Thane districts of Konkan region during 2015-2016. It was observed that 37 angiospermic host plants belonging to 14 families were parasitized by C. gronovii and grouped into weed hosts (30 spp.), cultivated pulses (4 spp.), other plants (2 spp.) and ornamental plant (1 spp.). The infection of C. gronovii was mostly on weed host and some cultivated pulses. C. gronovii was mostly parasitizing different families like Fabaceae, Asteraceae, Amaranthaceae and Verbenaceae. In present investigation this was a new and first report of Cuscuta gronovii parasitizing to weed host of family Eriocaulaceae and also first report of all weed hosts parasitized by C. gronovii in Konkan region. The present study also revealed that the shape and mode of development of haustoria was variable. Haustoria structure of pulses host was highly developed rod or tube like, dome shaped structure and well established within the host tissue by penetrating epidermis and cortical tissue towards the vascular bundle of pulse host.
Present survey is conducted on two species of which are distributed in different parts of Nadia district especially in Kalyani Township. 30 angiospermic host plants have been identified out by C. reflexa and only 5 plants has been attacked by distributed in 28 genera and 20 families. 2 plants has been identified as pseudo parasite and 2 plants belonging to pteridophytic group are also attacked by development of haustoria have been studied on 8 angiospermic plants. identified as primary host plant of dependent on some factors. Present survey is conducted on two species of Cuscuta (C. chinensis which are distributed in different parts of Nadia district especially in Kalyani Township. 30 angiospermic host plants have been identified out of which 25 angispermic plants are infected and only 5 plants has been attacked by C. chinensis. All angiospermic plants are distributed in 28 genera and 20 families. 2 plants has been identified as pseudo parasite and 2 teridophytic group are also attacked by Cuscuta. Detailed structure and development of haustoria have been studied on 8 angiospermic plants. identified as primary host plant of Cuscuta. Structure of haustorium is variable which is Host variability, haustorial development, Cuscuta, Cuscutaceae
Host range and host choice of Cuscuta species in Hungary
Acta Botanica Croatica, 2012
Extensive field studies were carried out in Hungary to get a picture of the host range and host choice of the Cuscuta species under natural conditions. We examined both parasitised and unparasitised plant species and found some aspects in which they are different. Compiling the host spectra of the various Cuscuta species based on herbaria, literature and our own observations, we can say that dodders infest at least 26% of the vascular flora of the country. In our study, the Hungarian Cuscuta species parasitised all plants that had a coverage of more than 25% in the sampling sites. We prepared a list of the most frequent host species for the parasites and revealed the importance of exclusive hosts. The results suggest that the habitat differences of the Cuscuta species can be responsible for the different host ranges. Furthermore, it was found that the reason why dodders parasitise plants from various life-forms in different proportions is not (only) the active host choice, but the characteristic features of the habitats.
Host range and host choice of Cuscuta species in Hungary
Acta Botanica Croatica, 2012
Extensive field studies were carried out in Hungary to get a picture of the host range and host choice of the Cuscuta species under natural conditions. We examined both parasitised and unparasitised plant species and found some aspects in which they are different. Compiling the host spectra of the various Cuscuta species based on herbaria, literature and our own observations, we can say that dodders infest at least 26% of the vascular flora of the country. In our study, the Hungarian Cuscuta species parasitised all plants that had a coverage of more than 25% in the sampling sites. We prepared a list of the most frequent host species for the parasites and revealed the importance of exclusive hosts. The results suggest that the habitat differences of the Cuscuta species can be responsible for the different host ranges. Furthermore, it was found that the reason why dodders parasitise plants from various life-forms in different proportions is not (only) the active host choice, but the characteristic features of the habitats.
Cuscuta spp: “Parasitic Plants in the Spotlight of Plant Physiology, Economy and Ecology”
Progress in Botany, 2008
Cuscuta spp represent a unique group of holoparasitic dicotyledonous plants which can infect nearly all dicotyledonous species. Lacking roots and leaves, these parasitic plants are completely dependent on nutrients, carbohydrates and water from host plants. The physical connection between parasite and host is mediated by specific organs, called haustoria, which connect the vascular tissues from both plants. Here we review the fascinating life cycle of Cuscuta spp and also the ecological aspects and problems related to Cuscuta spp infestations. For prevention purposes, different biotechnological approaches including hosts which show a resistance to Cuscuta spp are suggested.
Parasitic potential -host range of Cuscuta sp. and its impact on Allium cepa L. grown in Jaffna
2012
Cuscuta sp. is a familiarized medicinal plant for centuries but at times it has been reported parasitizing economically important crops like onion (Allium cepa L.) and chilli (Capsicum annum L). Due to the risk posed by this holoparasitic weed on cultivated crops, a field based research study was carried out with the objective of measuring parasitic potentiality of Cuscuta sp. through identifying minimum length of infective unit as tendril and its host searching ability, estimating biomass loss of A. cepa and screening of host range with selected vegetable crops and medicinal plants. Treatments were set up to measure the parasitic potential of Cuscuta sp. on different ages of A. cepa at two weeks and four weeks. Results revealed that minimum of five cm long Cuscuta tendril have the capability to initiate infection. Its tendrils have the potential to grow towards its host, A. cepa up to 60 cm distance. Therefore, spacing between two adjacent A. cepa plots more than 60cm can be practicable to reduce the spreading of Cuscuta sp.. At the time of harvesting, biomass loss of leaves and bulbs in two and four weeks old parasitized A. cepa were 58.4%, 14.5% and 89.1%, 46% respectively. Dry weights of Cuscuta sp. were not significantly different at all the weeks. Number of leaves, shoot/ root length ratio except number of bulbs, were significantly differed with age of A. cepa. Only two weeks old parasitized A. cepa yielded small size bulbs. Parasitic potential of Cuscuta sp. was not depend on the age of A. cepa. Results of host-parasite interactions showed that Brassica oleraceae and Raphanus sativus were the non-host crops of Cuscuta sp.. Intercropping and crop rotation with non-host crops are the best alternatives in the crop fields suspected with infection of Cuscuta spp.