Thermal Performance and Energy Efficiency of Different Types of Walls for Residential Building (original) (raw)

Influence of Structure and Wall Materials on Building Thermal Performance

KnE Social Sciences

The passive cooling technique is a strategy to improve building thermal performance which is cost-effective, eco-friendly and best suited for the local climate. The building material is one of the elements in passive cooling techniques. The research aims to investigate the influence of building materials on building thermal performance by field measurements on test houses. Hobo data loggers were used to collect indoor air temperature and relative humidity data. FLIR Infrared Camera was used to collect surface temperature data. The National Standard for Ventilation and Air Conditioning system (SNI 03-6572-2001) used as a reference for thermal performance value. The scope of the research is investigating the influence of the structure and wall materials on building thermal performance. The structure materials for the experiment were steel material and concrete material. The wall materials for this experiment were clay brick, light concrete brick (AAC), GRC-Rockwool panel and GRC-Styro...

Thermal Performance Assessment of External Wall Construction for Energy-Efficient Buildings

European Journal of Sustainable Development Research

Building envelope such as external walls are still constructed from poor materials which results in higher heating and cooling loads thereby raising energy bills. Improving building energy efficiency with advanced technologies is being sought. In this context, a numerical study was conducted to solve the coupled heat transfers through a standard wall structure used in Libyan residential buildings. Different techniques were compared to reduce the thermal transmittance of the traditional wall structure for saving energy including the application of radiant shield, low-e coating, insulating filling and external insulation. The numerical results revealed that the thermal radiation inside the cavities of hollow block is important and accounts for 21% of total heat transfer, while conductive and convective heat transfer contributes by 65% and 14% from the total, respectively. The obtained thermal transmittance value of the common wall structure was considered as high as 2.33 W/m 2 •K due to lower resistance of wall elements. The adoption of 50 mm layer of expanded polystyrene insulation (EPS) to the exterior wall showed the best thermal performance with a reduction of thermal transmittance by 45%. On the other hand, filling the interior of cavities with EPS resulted in a 37% reduction of thermal transmittance compared to 20% of using 3 mm aluminum foil as a radiant barrier in the middle of the cavities. The last case was less effective with a reduction of almost 10% when a commercial coating of 0.4 surface emissivity was applied to the interior of cavities.

Effect of Climates and Building Materials on House Wall Thermal Performance

Procedia Engineering, 2013

The residential housing sectors consume a large amount of fossil fuel energy. Hence the sector is responsible for huge amount of greenhouse gas emission to the atmosphere. Most energy used in the residential housing sector is mainly for space heating and cooling. In order to reduce the energy consumption in the housing sector, energy smart house wall system is required to develop. It is difficult to achieve higher thermal efficiency by using current building wall systems with their construction materials and methods. Although some studies on different aspects of residential housing were reported in the open literature, scant information is available on energy smart house wall systems for the main stream housing. Therefore, the primary objective of this study is to investigate several new house wall systems using various construction materials in order achieve higher thermal efficiency for ongoing heating and cooling. Thermal energy performance modeling was undertaken for two current and four new house wall systems for varied climate conditions across Australia. The findings revealed that at new house wall systems can provide higher energy efficiency and the reduction of greenhouse gas emission for major locations in Australia.

Thermal Behaviour Studies on Building Walls based on Type and Composition of the Materials

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2019

Controlling the thermal behaviour of buildings is very important because it affects the energy use in the buildings and impacts the thermal environment of the area. Thermal behaviour of the building is determined by the type and composition of the building material. This paper shows the thermal behaviour of several types and composition of commonly used building wall materials, i.e. brick, aerated concrete, laminated wood with glass wool insulation, and gypsum with glass wool insulation. For the thermal behaviour measurements, we used wall models exposed to halogen lamps of 2000 watts for 4 hours heating and 4 hours for cooling with a measurement interval of 5-15 minutes. Data retrieval using 8 thermocouples mounted on the surface and inserted inside the wall. The observed thermal behaviour phenomena are the heat flow on the walls, the time delay, and the heat capacity. The results show different maps of the thermal behaviour on the walls and indicating the need for additional therm...

Calculation of the Thermal Dynamic Performance of the Residential Buildings’ Walls

Quality Production Improvement-QPI, 2019

Calculation of the thermal dynamic properties of the multi-layer wall isolation of residential buildings is presented in this paper. Taking into account that the final objective is to create a building with the highest energy efficiency ratio, i.e. with the lowest energy consumption, both for heating and cooling, it is necessary to realize the good thermal characteristics of the multi-layer wall. To obtain the optimal solution for the wall's structure, various wall structures with different thicknesses of the individual layers, were analyzed. Based on results, presented in this paper, one can conclude that for walls with the same total thickness, but various thicknesses of the individual layers, that constitute the complete wall structure, the differences appear in the delay of the change of the walls outside temperature. In that way, by varying those individual layers' thicknesses, one can obtain the optimal solution for the wall structure with the highest savings of energy.

Thermal Performance Study of Conventional and New House Wall Systems

2011

The residential housing sector is one of the largest energy consumers in the developed world and subsequently the largest greenhouse gas emitter. The overall potential impact of the residential housing energy and materials consumption on global warming, ozone depletion, nitrification and acidification is significant. The ultra energy efficient residential house envelopes that utilises optimal thermal mass and insulation, ensuring occupant comfort, energy savings and good indoor air quality, will not only reduce ongoing energy bills but also reduce consumption of fossil fuel and greenhouse gas emissions. This paper describes the thermal performances of a conventional and new house wall system for two climatic zones (moderate and subtropical). The energy performance has been evaluated using an Australia wide accredited energy performance simulation software AccuRate. The simulated results indicate a significant improvement in terms of energy savings of the new house wall system compar...

Calculation of Thermal Dynamic Characteristics of the Residential Buildings Living Walls

Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 2021

The energy efficiency of green walls, namely, the way of saving the energy consumption by the dynamic characteristics of the façade walls is presented in this paper. Calculation and analysis of the dynamic characteristics of walls, with and without the plant cover, were performed. Comparison of the dynamic behavior of the facade, with and without the vegetation layer, is given and advantages of the former are emphasized, as well. Three different walls with different structures, but of the same individual thicknesses of layers and the same total thickness of the wall construction, were analyzed. The difference is in the thermal mass layer in the construction of a wall made of concrete with stone aggregates, solid brick, or solid blocks of lightweight concrete. Then, the three different walls of the same composition, as in the previous case, were analyzed, with upgraded layers of the soft wood and ivy representing the living layer of the wall.

Examination of the Energy Efficiency of Wall Building Elements Used in Dwellings

Acta Physica Polonica A, 2015

In this study, within the scope of the number of studies related to the ecient use of energy increasing day by day, the thermal insulation performance of wall elements used in dwellings was determined using experimental methods. With this aim, a 1/3 scaled reinforced concrete structure with the complete characteristics of an actual structure, was built and the column spans were lled using six dierent types of wall element. These materials, widely used in dwelling production in Turkey, were applications of horizontal coring bricks, vertical coring bricks, pumice, gas concrete, block brick and a cavity wall. The interior temperature was kept constant by placing a thermal source inside the built sample construction and the temperatures for dierent exterior temperatures were measured with a thermocouple and camera from each wall surface. Thus, by interpreting the obtained surface temperature data, the energy eciency of the wall types used was presented, the thermal conductivity resistance, thermal conductivity coecient, and loss of heat as regards to TSE 825 were calculated and accordingly, the thermal conductivity performances of walls were compared.

Thermal and Economic Study on Building External Walls for Improving Energy Efficiency

International Journal of Heat and Technology

Energy consumption is a worldwide concern and improving insulation is a way to save energy in buildings. In Algeria about 42.7% of the total energy is consumed by residential sector. This study investigates the thermal behaviour of external walls used in buildings located in a chosen Algerian city under real climatic conditions. The transient heat conduction through a composite wall made of 3 or 5 parallel layers of different materials and thicknesses was numerically resolved. The equations system resolution was carried out by the finite differences method according to the Crank-Nicolson scheme. The outdoor temperature and the solar heat flux were approximated using analytic expressions, and were used as boundary conditions in the developed FORTRAN program. Simulations were performed for materials used in actual building constructions in Batna city as well as for materials proposed to improve insulation and an approach to define the costs of studied cases was developed. The results show that the actual way of construction gives poor thermal insulation. We proposed several technical solutions for new constructions as well as for the existing buildings to improve energy efficiency at lower costs.

Thermal performance of the building walls

A building's climatic-response is determined by the prevalent exposure conditions (micro-climate) and the ability of the building envelope to regulate thermal transmittance (building physics). This ability to passively thermo-regulate indoor thermal comfort is determined by