Optimization of the hairpin-source electron gun using EGUN (original) (raw)
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Simulation and test of a thermioic hairpin source DC electron beam gun
Optik, 2016
A hairpin source electron gun was simulated and tested for its emission characteristics. We calculated beam emittance 4.3-mm-mR and average current density 5.80 A/cm 2 which corresponds to power density 5.80 × 10 4 W/cm 2 with 0.9 mm of beam waist diameter at 113 mm in the post anode region. The simulation and test results were found in agreement at 10 kV of acceleration potential. We also calculated the variation of current density and emittance with acceleration potential up to the saturation limit of the gun (100 kV). The gun is useful for electron optical devices, electron accelerators and deep weld joints of refractory metals.
Electron Beam Guns for High Energy Electron Accelerators: An Overview
Journal of Modern Physics, 2013
Thermionic electron beam is a fundamental part of all types of linear accelerators around the world in the field of Experimental High Energy Physics. Thermionic beam is very inexpensive and simple to produce. In this work, we give an overview of generation, design and applications of the electron beam with particular reference to e-beam generation at high energy linear accelerators. Experimental data are presented in tabular form for ready reference. We also make an evaluation of these high energy sources with our in-house designed e-beam gun. Finally, a comparison has been presented in terms of characteristic parameters of all these high performance sources.
Design optimization of a hairpin electron source for electron beam welding
Vacuum, 2006
We report the optimization of the design and performance of recently reported hairpin tungsten electron source as a cathode in diode type geometry of the gun. The temperature maximum has been shifted close to the crown of the source. Focusing of the beam has been achieved up to 1 mm in diameter with Gaussian profile of the beam at the target. The perveance and power density measured are 10 À5 A V À3/2 and 10 6 W cm À2 , respectively.
Numerical Simulation of Beam Formation and Transport in an Electron Gun for Different Applications
Journal of Nuclear and Particle Physics, 2012
A Pierce-type electron gun with spherical anode has been numerically co mputer-aided analysed to yield an appropriate beam with suitable properties valid for d ifferent applications. It has been proven that, around a certain value of the aspect ratio, 0.75, the resultant beam geometry could be suitably controlled. The gun geometry plays an important role for beam shaping; parallel, converged or diverged. The min imu m electric field required to prevent beam expansion due to space charge effect has been estimated and it is found to be proportional to the cubic root of the d istance fro m the anode to the target (Z 1/3 ). Also, it is proved that the minimu m beam radius is realized at the minimu m beam perveance and the maximu m beam convergence angle. As a result, this reveals that, the gun geometry controls the beam emittance. The gun design analysis proposed here helps to choose the better operating conditions suitable for low energy electron beam bo mbard ment and/or injection applications.
Emission characteristics of the thermionic electron beam sources developed at EBSDL
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 2008
The development of thermionic electron guns is of significant importance in electron beam technology. The paper is primarily concerned with the design, fabrication and experimentation of electron beam sources developed by our research group at electron beam sources development laboratory (EBSDL). This includes the development of directly and indirectly heated thermionic electron beam sources as well as high power line source electron guns. The important features of the optimized gun designs, their emission characteristics and performance are briefly outlined and their results are presented. These guns are currently being used for melting, evaporation, welding, heat treatment and research applications.
2017
In this article, electron guns with flat and spherical cathodes have been designed and simulated for industrial accelerators. After checking the different features of each cathode geometry, has been discussed about optimum values of this features. The most important features for selecting the best cathode geometry for industrial accelerators are beam waist radius, beam waist position, current density and price. Finally after comparing different features of both geometries, suitable geometry was selected. INTRODUCTION The electron guns of different industrial electrostatic accelerators are alike. All of these guns are thermionic type. The fundamental of these guns based on the heating of the cathode by a filament to reduce work function and get a large amount of electron beam. The in-formation of several types of thermionic electron gun with different plans are introduced in reference [2]. The thermionic electron guns run in two modes of space charge and thermal. In the thermal mode ...
Design and Construction of a Thermionic Cathode RF Electron Gun for Iranian Light Source Facility
2014
We present a program for the design and construction of a thermionic cathode RF gun to produce bright electron beams, consisting in the first step toward the possible development of S band linac based pre-injector at Iranian Light Source Facility (ILSF). The program is aimed at the goal to attain a beam quality as requested by ILSF. As a first step within this mainstream, we are currently developing a thermionic cathode side coupling RF electron gun which is expected to deliver 100 pC bunches with emittances below 2 mm-mrad at 2.5 MeV. We report the performed simulation and design activity, as well as cold test results of first fabricated prototype, which are in good agreement with simulation results.
The electron beam gun with thermionic hairpin-like cathode for welding and surface modifications
Vacuum, 2004
An axial thermionic electron beam emitter assembly with a special geometry of the cathode along with particular spacing of the electrodes has been used to produce a stable, sharp and high power density image at an acceleration voltage of 10 kV only. A hairpin-like tungsten wire, with diameter of 0.7 mm having semi-spherical emitting area at the crown with an angle of 45 degree at the vertex was used as a cathode. A direct heating method was used to heat the cathode. The emission current of the gun is in accordance with the Langmuir relation. An electromagnetic coil was used for focusing the beam at the target. A two dimensional programmable movement was applied to control the work site in the x-y direction. Focusing of the beam has been achieved up to 1 mm in diameter at an acceleration voltage of 10 kV.Thermionic efficiency of the gun is 4 mA W À1 and the power density measured is $10 5 W cm À2 .The gun was used for welding and surface modification of different materials including refractory metals. r