Economic losses caused by the use of low-efficacy anthelmintic drugs in growing heifers (original) (raw)
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Economic Viability Analysis of an Oral Anthelmintic Treatment for Cattle in Feedlot
Journal of Agricultural Studies
The economic viability of a commercial oral anthelmintic suspension containing 10% fenbendazole was evaluated in Angus x Nelore cattle in a feedlot. Two groups of 37 animals (treated and non-treated) were formed. A random-block design was used based on initial weight, egg count per gram of feces (EPG) and carcass grade. EPG counts and the determination of weight were performed on Days 0, 42 and 122. Carcass grade and yield were determined on the day of slaughter. Economic viability was evaluated using cost-effectiveness, sensitivity and financial analyses, considering three economic scenarios: most likely (M), optimistic (O) and pessimistic (P). The anthelmintic achieved 99.89% efficacy regarding EPG reduction. The animals exhibited an increase of 20.7 kg in live weight, 20.2 kg in live weight gain and 0.166 kg in daily weight gain (p < 0.05). No effects were found on yield or carcass grade (p > 0.05). The genus Haemonchus predominated at the onset of the study, whereas only t...
Parasitology Research, 2018
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of treatment with different anthelmintic compounds on the productivity of naturally infected calves and the economic viability of these treatments within extensive breeding systems employing different nutritional strategies after weaning. For this purpose, 4 farms with 42-60 calves naturally infected with gastrointestinal nematodes were selected. The calves were distributed into 6 groups (7-10 animals each) per farm and treated with ivermectin 1%, ivermectin 3.15%, eprinomectin 5%, levamisole 7.5%, albendazole 15%, and control group (no treatment). These animals were evaluated over an experimental period of 150 days. Levamisole 7.5% presented the best capacity for the reduction of eggs per gram (EPG) of feces in all herds evaluated, followed by albendazole 15% and eprinomectin 5%. Parasite resistance to multiple drugs was found in all herds, especially those of Cooperia, Haemonchus, Oesophagostomum, and Trichostrongylus. For farm 1, differences in weight gain and EPG reduction percentages led to a difference of US$285.06 between the levamisole and ivermectin 3.15% groups. Similar findings were noted for the levamisole and ivermectin 1% groups of farm 3, with a difference of US$399.37 because of the final weight gain in these groups. For farms 2 and 4, the ivermectin 3.15% and control groups, respectively, were the most profitable; these unexpected results were possibly influenced by variables not measured during the experimental period. This study suggested that anthelmintic treatments should always precede an efficacy test, once they are demonstrated to be most profitable under adequate breeding conditions, to ensure adequate control of gastrointestinal nematode infection.
Returns from strategic anthelmintic treatments in village cattle in the Gambia
Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 1997
A large-scale study was undertaken to investigate the effects of two systematic anthehnintic treatments on village cattle productivity in the Gambia. Treated animals had significantly higher performance in terms of live weights and age at first calving, but the mortality rate of 0-to I-yr-old cattle appeared to be negatively affected. These results and financial data on treatment costs were used in a herd simulation model to assess the profitability of the intervention. Treatment was profitable on average, but the risks of losing money were large and average returns were sensitive to various hypotheses examined. The treatment regimen studied can only be recommended in certain herds and further research is needed to identify the factors determining the negative response in other herds. 0 1997 Elsevier Science B.V.
Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 1998
An on-farm deworming trial was conducted between 1991 and 1995 on traditionally managed Djallonke sheep in The Gambia to assess the impact on productivity and profitability of prophylactic biannual anthelmintic treatments. Fifteen private flocks with an average of 25 animals per flock participated in the experiment. Half of each flock was dewormed twice a year while the other half served as the control group. The two productivity traits that were significantly improved by the treatment scheme tested were the number of lambs per lambing which increased Ž. from 1.11 " 0.31 Mean " S.D. to 1.19 " 0.39 and the number of lambings per year which improved from 1.04 " 0.53 to 1.22 " 0.47. The mortality and weight at 12 months were not significantly affected by the treatment. Monitoring of sheep sales in the flocks and on surrounding markets allowed the calculation of a rate of return to the treatment scheme tested of 246%. Despite large variations in returns, the scheme studied is recommended as over 90% of the adopting farmers would yield positive returns to their investment. q 1998 Elsevier Science B.V.
The effect of anthelmintic resistance on the productivity in feedlot cattle
Veterinary parasitology, 2014
The aim of this study was to evaluate, in a commercial feedlot, the effect of different anthelmintic drugs on the productivity of naturally infected calves from a cow-calf operation, where resistance to ivermectin (IVM) has been previously detected. The study began with the random selection of 80 calves whose weight was 132 ± 12 kg. Four groups were made: IVM, ricobendazole (RBZ), ricobendazole plus levamisol (RBZ + LEV) and a control group (CG) without treatment. On days 0, 21, 42, 70, 98 and 126, manual collection of fecal matter and individual weight were registered. Mixed SAS procedure was used for statistical analysis. The percentages of fecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) calculated 21 days post treatment (PT) were 18%, 96% and 100% for the IVM, RBZ and RBZ + LEV groups, respectively. Body weight (± SEM) at the end of the trial was 266 kg (± 0.9), 269 kg (± 1.1), 276 kg (± 1.3), 280 kg (± 1.9) for CG, IVM, RBZ and RBZ + LEV groups, respectively. The effect on live weight wa...
Evaluation of strategic and selective anthelmintic treatments on Pelibuey ewes in Cuba
Background: gastrointestinal parasitism is an important limitation for sheep production in Cuba. This situation is worsened by the lack of an effective parasite control strategy. Objective: to assess whether selective and strategic treatments could help achieve a level of control of nematodes similar to systematic drenchings. Methods: an experimental flock of 72 Pelibuey ewes were divided into four groups: 1) the “epizoo group” (Epizootiological drenching schedule) was dewormed at lambing in the middle of the dry season, and at weaning; 2) the “FAMACHA© group” was treated according to the color of the ocular mucous as indicative of anemia; 3) the “chemical group” was drenched every three months; and 4) the “control group” animals remained untreated unless the fecal egg count (FEC) was higher than 1500 eggs per gram of faeces or the packed cell volume (PCV) was lower than 15%. FEC´s, body scorings, and hematocrits were evaluated monthly. Results: the control group showed the highest FEC and the lowest PCV. We also observed similar levels of FEC and body condition in the Epizoo, FAMACHA© and Chemical groups. The PCV in FAMACHA© group was higher while no differences were found between the other two groups. The haematocrit had a strong negative correlation (-0.41) with the FEC. The FAMACHA© method allowed a dramatic decrease in anthelmintic use. Conclusions: the obtained results suggest that the FAMACHA method could be incorporated as part of a parasite control strategy in sheep.
Anthelmintic Drugs: Their Efficacy and Cost-Effectiveness in Different Parity Cattle
The Journal of parasitology, 2017
Gastrointestinal nematodes are responsible for economic losses in bovines and are characterized by reduced milk production, decreased working efficiency and even death. In our study, the effect of different anthelmintic treatments on nematode control in different parity cattle (Friesian Crossbreds) at calving and their effect on milk yield was evaluated. Economic of anthelmintic and farm benefit in term of increase milk production after deworming was also calculated. We screened cattle of first and second parity for nematodes. Animals were randomly selected in each group. In first parity animals, there found 23 positive cattle which were divided into 3 different groups while in second parity animals; there were 20 positive cattle which were divided into 3 groups. For treatment of gastrointestinal nematodes, used Albendazole (Velbazine) at 10mg/kg body weight and levamisole (Nilverm) at 7.5mg/kg. In this study, both drugs were found effective in controlling nematodes infections in ca...
Brazilian Journal of Development, 2021
This work aimed to investigate the effect of anthelmintic treatment on the performance of cull cows. Sixty animals were evaluated, divided into three groups composed of 20 cows: two groups were treated with different anthelmintics (endectocide and conventional), while a control group received only saline solution. Anthelmintics and the saline solution will be administered subcutaneously at the doses recommended by the manufacturers: G1-Levamisol (RIPERCOL*L®) 1mL/40kg/PV; G2-Moxidectin (CYDECTIN®) 1mL/50kg/PV; G3-Control (saline solution) 1 mL/45kg/PV. Feces were collected to count eggs per gram of feces (OPG) of each animal, where a collection was every 28 days along with weighing to analyze the weight gain of the treatments. There was no statistical difference in OPG count and weight gain between the evaluated treatments. Both groups presented low contamination throughout the experiment, suggesting that when raised in comfortable conditions, healthy multiparous beef cows would not require anthelmintic treatment.
Veterinary …, 2010
Anthelmintic resistance in parasites maybe a consequence of over-exposing populations of parasites to drugs or from the commerce/transit of animals harboring resistant parasites. Knowledge of the sensitivity of nematodes to anthelmintics is essential to establish an efficient integrated program of parasite control. In Brazil, producers rely on technology transfer from field professionals and non-technical labor for new management strategies of parasite control. The aim of this work was to determine the practices farmers used for anthelmintic management and to monitor drug efficacy on sheep farms from northern and northwestern regions of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. A questionnaire was sent to 34 farms, and anthelmintics were tested on ten of these farms. Sheep (n = 10/group) were weighed and treated with albendazole, closantel, doramectin, fenbendazole, ivermectin, levamisole, moxidectin, or nitroxynil with their recommended doses. Faeces were collected on the day of treatment and after 7-10 days. The faecal egg count reduction test was evaluated based on RESO 2.0. Among the farmers interviewed, 97% applied commercial anthelmintics to control parasites, 77% rotated anthelmintics annually, 72% used ivermectin as the principal anthelmintic, and 38% applied anthelmintics with a frequency of 30-60 days. On two farms, none of the anthelmintics was efficacious. Levamisole had the best overall efficacy (70%). Albendazole, ivermectin, and fenbendazole were efficacious (above 95%) on only two farms. The present work illustrates the alarming lack of efficacy of drugs even in an area new to sheep farming. It is important to establish alternative strategies of management in a broad program of parasite control for reducing the selection pressure on parasites by the commercially available anthelmintics.