Comparing Labour Market among Spain, Italy, Argentina and Chile (original) (raw)

Comparing Inequalities in the Labour Market from a Segmentation Perspective

Towards a Comparative Analysis of Social Inequalities between Europe and Latin America, 2020

The purpose of this chapter is to carry out a comparative analysis of labour markets in Europe and Latin America from the perspective of segmentation in order to explain the processes of social inequality that arise in the workplace, in light of recent trends in global socio-economic changes. The chapter proposes two main objectives. The first is to perform a comparative descriptive analysis of the main features of labour markets among 60 European and Latin American countries. The second objective is to propose a model of comparative analysis of labour inequality from the theoretical perspective of the segmentation of the labour market and structural heterogeneity. We will focus our analysis by selecting two countries, Spain and Argentina, which both underwent a late development of capitalism. The following general hypothesis is formulated: Spain and Argentina, having clearly differentiated features in economic structure, level of development, institutional frameworks and socio-hist...

Labour market segmentation: the economic condition of independent professionals in Italy and Argentina

Papers. Revista de Sociologia, 2018

This article focuses on the conditions of professional self-employed in the European and Latin American labour markets, whose increase is linked to the expansion of the on-demand service economy. Moving from a critique to the traditional segmentation theory, this group of highly skilled self-employed-an expression of the upper-middle class and post-industrial work-can be considered halfway between market and hierarchy, HR internalization and outsourcing. Dealing with social inequalities, the research questions are whether the conditions of these independent professionals who are characterized, on average, by higher levels of education and who work in the advanced service sectors) are comparable to employees and whether there are similar trends in the two contexts (specifically Italy and Argentina). The article presents empirical evidence on occupational income (as a dependent variable) to measure how working condition changes when controlling for socio-demographic characteristics (as independent variables) and occupation (self-employed or employee). Income levels were compared using two datasets: EPH-INDEC (Permanent Household Survey) for Argentina and ITA-SILC for Italy. Despite the limitations due to problems of comparison in the classification of occupations, the analysis highlights differences between the two countries linked to a dissimilar expansion of the service economy, professional services and outsourcing of high-skilled competences. Moreover, within a frame of high income inequalities in self-employment, graduate independent professionals in Argentina seem to retain a stronger economic performance, while in Italy they show lower earnings than other occupations, thus suggesting an unequal labour market impact of higher education in the two countries.

Employment in Spain according to gender (2005-2009): education and other relevant variables

Employment in Spain according to gender (2005-2009): education and other relevant variables Iacopo Odoardi, Carmen Pagliari Underground economy and income inequality: two connected aspects in the oncoming context of italian federalism Luca Sandonà Human capital in personalist economics Vittorio Carlei, Alessandro Crociata, Alessandro Marra A preliminary framework to overcome the dichotomy between specialization and diversity

Beyond the contract type segmentation in Spain: country case studies on labour market segmentation

2013

The current paper is one in the series of such country studies. It makes an important contribution to the discussion on contractual segmentation of labour markets, providing an overview of the institutional setup as well as empirical evidence on the extent of segmentation and its implications for various aspects of job quality. The paper also offers a policy perspective on the ways to alleviate the negative consequences of segmentation.

So Far, so Similar? Labour Market Feminization in Italy and Chile

Social Indicators Research, 2020

The article aims to analyse gender segregation in the labour market while comparing two national contexts in Europe and Latin America. Specifically, it will consider the growth trends of female employment in the last 25 years (1992–2017), its distribution between activity sectors and occupations, and the gender pay gap. Feminization models and gender inequalities are framed within labour market segmentation theories, which are in partial contrast to human capital theories and neoclassical economics. The initial hypothesis is that the gender distribution of occupations measured by a segregation index is similar in Italy and Chile, despite significant differences in the socio-economic and institutional contexts. Through this intercontinental comparison, the article intends to shed light on women’s labour market conditions and segregation patterns, which are multidimensional and generalizable (transcontinental) phenomena, connected to the unequal division of labour in the new post-indu...

Labour formalization and declining inequality in Argentina and Brazil in the 2000s a dynamic approach

RePEc: Research Papers in Economics, 2014

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The measurement of social stratification: comparative perspectives between Europe and Latin America

Towards a Comparative Analysis of Social Inequalities between Europe and Latin America, 2021

This chapter analyses compared social stratification in three Latin American countries (Argentina, Chile and Uruguay) and four European countries (Finland, France, Spain, Great Britain). We focus on both external and internal borders of social classes, as well as on the challenges posed by their analysis for sociology. We compare social classes using EGP6 in relation to a variety of social indicators, to examine how social classes vary among countries. We include debates on production models and welfare state policies to understand the specific configurations and compare the conditions of some of the INCASI countries regarding social stratification. Lastly, we apply a latent class analysis to validate the number of social classes and to recognise class boundaries.